The 2023 Florida Statutes (including Special Session C)

Title XLVI
CRIMES

Chapter 859
POISONS; ADULTERATED DRUGS

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CHAPTER 859

POISONS; ADULTERATED DRUGS

859.01 Poisoning food or water.

859.02 Selling certain poisons by registered pharmacists and others.

859.04 Provisions concerning poisons.

859.08 Penalty for selling adulterated drugs.

859.01 Poisoning food or water.—Whoever introduces, adds, or mingles any poison, bacterium, radioactive material, virus, or chemical compound with food, drink, medicine, or any product designed to be ingested, consumed, or applied to the body with intent to kill or injure another person, or willfully poisons or introduces, adds, or mingles any bacterium, radioactive material, virus, or chemical compound into any spring, well, or reservoir of water with such intent, commits a felony of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.

History.—s. 4, ch. 1637, 1868; RS 2658; GS 3587; RGS 5515; CGL 7675; s. 1078, ch. 71-136; s. 1, ch. 2001-358.

859.02 Selling certain poisons by registered pharmacists and others.—Any violation of the law, relative to sale of poisons, not specially provided for, shall constitute a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.083.

History.—s. 8, ch. 3880, 1889; GS 1906, 3604; RGS 5526; CGL 7692; s. 1079, ch. 71-136.

859.04 Provisions concerning poisons.—

(1) It is unlawful for any person not a registered pharmacist to retail any poisons enumerated below: Arsenic and all its preparations, corrosive sublimate, white and red precipitate, biniodide of mercury, cyanide of potassium, hydrocyanic acid, strychnine, and all other poisonous vegetable alkaloids and their salts, and the essential oil of almonds, opium, and its preparations of opium containing less than two grains to the ounce, aconite, belladonna, colchicum, conium, nux vomica, henbane, savin, ergot, cotton root, cantharides, creosote, veratrum digitalis, and their pharmaceutical preparations, croton oil, chloroform, chloral hydrate, sulphate of zinc, mineral acids, carbolic and oxalic acids; and she or he shall label the box, vessel, or paper in which said poison is contained with the name of the article, the word “poison,” and the name and place of business of the seller.

(2) No person shall deliver or sell any poisons enumerated above unless upon due inquiry it be found that the purchaser is aware of its poisonous character and represents that it is to be used for a legitimate purpose. The provisions of this section shall not apply to the dispensing of poisons in not unusual quantities or doses upon the prescriptions of practitioners of medicine.

(3) Any violation of this section shall render the principal of said store guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.083. However, this section shall not apply to manufacturers making and selling at wholesale any of the above poisons. Each box, vessel, or paper in which said poison is contained shall be labeled with the name of the article, the word “poison,” and the name and place of business of the seller.

History.—s. 8, ch. 3380, 1889; RS 822; GS 3606; RGS 5528; CGL 7694; s. 1081, ch. 71-136; s. 1386, ch. 97-102.

859.08 Penalty for selling adulterated drugs.—Every registered pharmacist, and the owner or proprietor of any store dealing in drugs or medicines, shall be held responsible for the quality of all drugs, chemicals, or medicines he or she may sell or dispense, with the exception of those sold in the original packages of the manufacturer and those known as proprietary; and any person who fraudulently adulterates, for the purpose of sale, any drug or medicine or sells any fraudulently adulterated drug or medicine, knowing the same to be adulterated, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083, and such adulterated drugs and medicine shall be forfeited and destroyed under the direction of the court; and if the offender be a registered pharmacist, his or her name shall be stricken from the register.

History.—s. 8, ch. 6890, 1915; RGS 5532; CGL 7698; s. 1084, ch. 71-136; s. 1389, ch. 97-102.

F.S. 859 on Google Scholar

F.S. 859 on Casetext

Amendments to 859

Arrestable Offenses / Crimes under Fla. Stat. 859

Level: Degree
Misdemeanor/Felony: First/Second/Third

S859.01 - FOOD-HEALTH OR SAFETY - POISON FOOD WATER OR MEDICINE WIT KILL OR INJ - F: F

S859.02 - DRUGS-HEALTH OR SAFETY - VIOLATE SELLING OF CERTAIN POISONS - M: S

S859.03 - DRUGS-HEALTH OR SAFETY - NO SUCH SECTION - M: S

S859.04 - DRUGS-HEALTH OR SAFETY - UNREGISTERED PHARMACIST SELL POISONS - M: S

S859.05 - DRUGS-HEALTH OR SAFETY - REPEALED CH. 2000-209 - F: T

S859.06 - CONTRIB DELINQ MINOR - RENUMBERED. SEE REC # 3929 - M: S

S859.08 - DRUGS-ADULTERATED - SELL - M: S

Annotations, Discussions, Cases:

Cases from cite.case.law:

FORCE, v. FACEBOOK, INC., 140 S. Ct. 2761 (U.S. 2020)

. . . No. 19-859. Supreme Court of the United States. . . .

GEORGIA, v. PUBLIC. RESOURCE. ORG, INC., 140 S. Ct. 1498 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Medical Rental Supply of Albany, Ga., Inc. , 244 Ga.App. 120, 534 S.E.2d 859 (2000) ; Bailey v. . . .

RAMOS, v. LOUISIANA, 140 S. Ct. 1390 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Georgia , 428 U.S. 153, 96 S.Ct. 2909, 49 L.Ed.2d 859 (1976) (joint opinion of Stewart, Powell, and Stevens . . . Minnesota , 552 U.S. 264, 275, 128 S.Ct. 1029, 169 L.Ed.2d 859 (2008). . . .

K. KAHLER, v. KANSAS, 140 S. Ct. 1021 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Parsons , 81 Ala. at 586, 2 So. at 859. . . . State , 81 Ala. 577, 584-585, 2 So. 854, 858-859 (1887) ; Bradley v. . . .

MCKINNEY, v. ARIZONA, 140 S. Ct. 702 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Georgia , 428 U.S. 153, 96 S.Ct. 2909, 49 L.Ed.2d 859 (1976). . . .

UNITED STATES v. LILLARD,, 935 F.3d 827 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Mount Lemmon Fire Dist. , 859 F.3d 1168, 1175 (9th Cir. 2017) ("[I]t is not our role to choose what we . . . Guido , 859 F.3d at 1174. Because § 3664(n) is not ambiguous, the rule of lenity does not apply. . . .

F. SHARPE, v. UNITED STATES,, 935 F.3d 1352 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . J.A. 859. Next, the Bourne memorandum recommended that Mr. . . .

REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES OF PLANNED PARENTHOOD OF ST. LOUIS REGION, INC. P. D. O. M. S. C. I. F. A. C. O. G, v. L. PARSON,, 389 F. Supp. 3d 631 (W.D. Mo. 2019)

. . . Comm'r, Indiana State Dep't of Health, 265 F.Supp.3d 859, 866 (S.D. Ind. 2017). . . .

EDMO, v. CORIZON, INC. Al v. Al, 935 F.3d 757 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Elyea , 631 F.3d 843, 859 (7th Cir. 2011) ("[I]nmate medical care decisions must be fact-based with respect . . . administrative policy ... is the paradigm of deliberate indifference" (quotation omitted)); Roe , 631 F.3d at 859 . . .

BELLITTO, v. SNIPES,, 935 F.3d 1192 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Kimberly-Clark Corp., 232 F.3d 854, 859 (11th Cir. 2000) ). . . .

R. PESCI, v. BUDZ, LLC, LLC,, 935 F.3d 1159 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Andrews , 859 F.3d 264, 283-84 (4th Cir. 2017) (recognizing that "allocating scarce resources in an effective . . .

ARTHREX, INC. v. SMITH NEPHEW, INC., 935 F.3d 1319 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Geox S.p.A. , 859 F.3d 1364, 1369-70 (Fed. . . .

ZUNIGA, v. P. BARR,, 934 F.3d 1083 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . I.N.S. , 776 F.2d 859, 862 (9th Cir. 1985) ("[D]ue process mandates that [a non-citizen] is entitled . . .

BACA v. COLORADO DEPARTMENT OF STATE, G. T. L. M., 935 F.3d 887 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . RE-1 , 859 F.3d 1243, 1248 (10th Cir. 2017) (emphasizing that "an injury [need not] meet some threshold . . .

BOWLES, v. DESANTIS,, 934 F.3d 1230 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Scott, 512 U.S. 849, 859, 114 S.Ct. 2568, 129 L.Ed.2d 666 (1994) (explaining that (1) criminal defendants . . .

GUPTA, v. MORGAN STANLEY SMITH BARNEY, LLC,, 934 F.3d 705 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Anheuser-Busch, Inc. , 352 Ill.App.3d 699, 287 Ill.Dec. 859, 816 N.E.2d 826, 834 (2004), rev'd , 219 . . .

SENNE v. KANSAS CITY ROYALS BASEBALL CORP. LLC LLC LP St. LLC LLC LLC LLC L. P. L. P. LLC LLC L. P. AZPB L. P. P LLC LLC LP LLP LLC LLC,, 934 F.3d 918 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . McAuliffe , 41 Cal. 2d 859, 862, 264 P.2d 944 (1953). . . .

MEJIA- RAMOS, v. P. BARR,, 934 F.3d 789 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Gonzales, 478 F.3d 859, 863 (8th Cir. 2007). . . .

UNITED STATES v. G. WAGUESPACK,, 935 F.3d 322 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Bree , 927 F.3d 856, 859 (5th Cir. 2019) (quoting Puckett v. . . .

UNITED STATES v. HERNANDEZ- MARTINEZ, v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v., 933 F.3d 1126 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . result that their terms of imprisonment were below the later-amended Guidelines range. 862 F.3d at 859 . . .

J. MALOUF, v. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION,, 933 F.3d 1248 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . SEC , 859 F.2d 1429, 1433 (10th Cir. 1988) (quoting Consol. Edison Co. of New York v. . . . SEC , 859 F.2d 1429, 1439 (10th Cir. 1988) ("[A]lthough petitioners contend that raising [the] argument . . . SEC , 859 F.2d 1429, 1435 (10th Cir. 1988) (quoting Ernst & Ernst v. . . . SEC , 859 F.2d 1429, 1438 (10th Cir. 1988) (quoting Am. Power & Light Co. v. . . . SEC , 859 F.2d 1429, 1439 (10th Cir. 1988) (concluding that the SEC could have addressed the petitioners . . .

IN RE M. STERLING,, 933 F.3d 828 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Glueckert Funeral Home, Ltd. , 155 F.3d 859, 866 n.15 (7th Cir. 1998) (noting that courts rely on the . . .

ANIMAL LEGAL DEFENSE FUND, v. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, 933 F.3d 1088 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . United States , 859 F.2d 717, 725 (9th Cir. 1988) (internal quotation marks omitted). . . .

MTD PRODUCTS INC. v. IANCU,, 933 F.3d 1336 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . MindGeek, s.a.r.l. , 859 F.3d 1014, 1019 (Fed. Cir. 2017) (citing TecSec, Inc. v. Int'l Bus. Machs. . . .

ELI LILLY AND COMPANY, v. HOSPIRA, INC. v. Dr. s Dr. s, 933 F.3d 1320 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Corp. , 859 F.2d 878, 889 (Fed. Cir. 1988). . . .

IN RE FIFTH AVENUE AND RELATED PROPERTIES, 934 F.3d 147 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . (quoting Eng , 971 F.2d at 859 ). . . . In re 650 Fifth Ave. 830 F.3d at 102 (quoting Eng , 971 F.2d at 859 ). . . .

REYES, v. FISCHER, J. X., 934 F.3d 97 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Cooke, 562 U.S. 216, 219, 131 S.Ct. 859, 178 L.Ed.2d 732 (2011) (explaining that "standard analysis under . . .

DOE, v. MCKESSON, 935 F.3d 253 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Foti , 859 So. 2d 656, 659 (La. 2003). . . .

BRENDA L. v. SAUL,, 392 F. Supp. 3d 858 (N.D. Ill. 2019)

. . . . # 21, at 7 (citing R. 859, 865, 1016, 1223, 1271, 1429, 1852) ]. . . .

KORTRIGHT CAPITAL PARTNERS LP, TY v. INVESTCORP INVESTMENT ADVISERS LIMITED,, 392 F. Supp. 3d 382 (S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . (See Trial Tr. at 162 (Taylor); Trial Tr. at 859 (Vamvakas); see also Trial Tr. at 936-42, 1027 (Erdely . . .

TEXAS, v. EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION EEOC P. U. S., 933 F.3d 433 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . the agency did not intend its challenged statement to bind agency staff); Flue-Cured , 313 F.3d at 859 . . .

UNITED STATES v. DANIELS,, 932 F.3d 1120 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Farrington, 499 F.3d 854, 859 (8th Cir. 2007) (alteration in original) (quoting United States v. . . .

HUBBELL, v. FEDEX SMARTPOST, INC., 933 F.3d 558 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Peristyle, LLC , 892 F.3d 853, 859 (6th Cir. 2018). . . .

GEICO CASUALTY COMPANY, v. ISAACSON R. S. Mo. K. M. a, 932 F.3d 721 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Morgan Keegan & Co. , 859 F.3d 558, 566 (8th Cir. 2017) (citing Health Care Found. of Greater Kan. . . .

ASSOCIATION OF EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS AGCO CNH LLC v. BURGUM, s, 932 F.3d 727 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Janklow , 300 F.3d 842, 859 (8th Cir. 2002) ; see also Energy Reserves Grp. , 459 U.S. at 411-12, 103 . . . Inst. , 300 F.3d at 848-49, 859-62. . . . Inst. , 300 F.3d at 859 (quoting Allied Structural , 438 U.S. at 249, 98 S.Ct. 2716 ). . . . Id. at 859. . . . Inst., 300 F.3d at 859-60. . . .

DOGAN, v. BARAK,, 932 F.3d 888 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Court , 859 F.2d 1354, 1358 (9th Cir. 1988) (per curiam) (emphasis added). . . .

K. W. P. By v. KANSAS CITY PUBLIC SCHOOLS In In, 931 F.3d 813 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Janke , 859 F.3d 616, 624 (8th Cir. 2017) (quoting Graham , 490 U.S. at 388, 109 S.Ct. 1865 ). . . .

UNITED STATES v. THOMAS, v., 933 F.3d 685 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Klemis , 859 F.3d 436, 442 (7th Cir. 2017). . . .

D. LEISER, v. KLOTH,, 933 F.3d 696 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Georgia, 428 U.S. 153, 173, 96 S.Ct. 2909, 49 L.Ed.2d 859 (1976). . . .

UNITED STATES v. MATHIS, a k a a k a a k a D- v. a k a a k a v. a k a a k a a k a v. a k a a k a K. a k a a k a v. a k a a k a a k a v. a k a a k a a k a a k a, 932 F.3d 242 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Oldfield , 859 F.2d 392, 397 (6th Cir. 1988) (noting that one purpose of Rule 12 is to "restrict[ ] the . . .

FORCE, A. H. H. F. A. L. F. N. E. F, N. S. F. S. R. F. A. H. H. F. A. L. F. N. E. F. N. S. F. S. R. F. A. H. H. F. A. L. F. N. E. F, N. S. F. S. R. F. TZVI S. S. R. M. M. R. R. M. R. S. Z. R. S. S. R. M. M. R. R. M. R. S. Z. R. S. S. R. M. M. R. R. M. R. S. Z. R. v. FACEBOOK, INC., 934 F.3d 53 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . ACLU , 521 U.S. 844, 859 & n.24, 117 S.Ct. 2329, 138 L.Ed.2d 874 (1997). . . .

UNITED STATES v. FELDMAN,, 931 F.3d 1245 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Dynalectric Co. , 859 F.2d 1559 (11th Cir. 1988), in which we held that an indictment charging a bid-rigging . . .

CITY OF MIAMI GARDENS, a v. WELLS FARGO CO. N. A., 931 F.3d 1274 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Bank of Savannah, N.A. , 859 F.2d 865, 870-71 (11th Cir. 1988). . . . Snook , 859 F.2d at 871. The City failed to satisfy that burden. . . . Snook , 859 F.2d at 871 ; see also Reflectone , 862 F.2d at 844 (holding that the nonmovant was not entitled . . .

MCCOTTRELL S. v. WHITE, 933 F.3d 651 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Randle , 680 F.3d 859, 862, 864-65 (7th Cir. 2012) (reversing the dismissal of a claim against a guard . . . Randle , 680 F.3d 859, 861-62, 864-65 (7th Cir. 2012) (bystander prisoner struck by buckshot fired into . . .

In MATTER OF WHISTLER ENERGY II, L. L. C. v. II, L. L. C. L. P. L. P. L. P. III AIV I LP ANS We, L. P. II, L. L. C., 931 F.3d 432 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Prot. , 474 U.S. 494, 507, 106 S.Ct. 755, 88 L.Ed.2d 859 (1986). . . .

UNITED STATES v. CHARLES, II,, 932 F.3d 153 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Hill , 859 F.2d 325 (4th Cir. 1988), we relied on Truong Dinh Hung to summarize the doctrine, yet more . . .

UNITED STATES v. BONIN,, 932 F.3d 523 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Gomez , 763 F.3d 845, 859 (7th Cir. 2014). . . .

DEXTER, a k a v. DEALOGIC, LLC,, 390 F. Supp. 3d 233 (D. Mass. 2019)

. . . Driscoll, 424 Mass. 1, 673 N.E.2d 859, 862 (1996). . . .

HUPP R. H. a v. COOK C. R., 931 F.3d 307 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Srnsky , 213 W.Va. 412, 582 S.E.2d 859, 867 (2003) (quoting State ex rel. Wilmoth v. . . .

UNITED STATES v. COONCE, Jr., 932 F.3d 623 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Georgia , 428 U.S. 153, 206-207, 96 S.Ct. 2909, 49 L.Ed.2d 859 (1976) (joint opinion of Stewart, Powell . . .

UNITED STATES v. IWAI,, 930 F.3d 1141 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Dornhofer , 859 F.2d 1195, 1198 (4th Cir. 1988) ; United States v. . . . mail stream to effect a controlled-delivery should satisfy the sure course requirement."); Dornhofer , 859 . . . delivered the package to the defendant seated outside on the porch, who took it inside); Dornhofer , 859 . . .

UNITED STATES v. HUNT,, 930 F.3d 921 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Waldrip , 859 F.3d 446, 449 (7th Cir. 2017) ; United States v. . . .

L. JACKSON, v. BARTOW,, 930 F.3d 930 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Lockett , 859 F.3d 425, 427 (7th Cir. 2017) ; United States v. . . .

W. EATON, v. PACHECO,, 931 F.3d 1009 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Pollard , 688 F.3d 853, 859 (7th Cir. 2012) (" Pinholster prohibits federal evidentiary hearings only . . . See Porter , 558 U.S. at 39, 130 S.Ct. 447 ; Toliver , 688 F.3d at 859. . . .

TENNESSEE GAS PIPELINE COMPANY, LLC v. PERMANENT EASEMENT FOR ACRES, PERMANENT OVERLAY EASEMENT FOR ACRES AND TEMPORARY EASEMENTS FOR ACRES IN MILFORD AND WESTFALL TOWNSHIPS, PIKE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA, TAX PARCEL NUMBERS a c o L. P., 931 F.3d 237 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Georgia , 428 U.S. 153, 187, 96 S.Ct. 2909, 49 L.Ed.2d 859 (1976) (holding that the death penalty is . . .

UNITED STATES v. WALKER,, 931 F.3d 576 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Cammorto , 859 F.3d 311, 314 (4th Cir. 2017) ; United States v. . . .

FIRST- CLASS MONITORING, LLC, v. UNITED PARCEL SERVICE OF AMERICA, INC., 389 F. Supp. 3d 456 (E.D. Tex. 2019)

. . . True Health Diagnostics LLC , 859 F.3d 1352, 1360 (Fed. . . .

WONGUS, v. CORRECTIONAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAM CERT CERT s, 389 F. Supp. 3d 294 (E.D. Pa. 2019)

. . . CCAIR, Inc. , 29 F.3d 855, 859 (3d Cir. 1994) ; Fay v. . . .

ANDERSON v. GHALY,, 930 F.3d 1066 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Rev. 813, 859 (1998), are necessarily phrased as a set of directives to states that wish to receive federal . . .

FLORES, v. P. BARR,, 930 F.3d 1082 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Ashcroft , 381 F.3d 855, 859 (9th Cir. 2004) (per curiam). . . . Sessions , 859 F.3d 1198, 1202 (9th Cir. 2017) (quoting Morales v. . . . Id. at 859 ; see Lopez v. Ashcroft , 366 F.3d 799, 806-07 (9th Cir. 2004) (discussing INS v. . . .

F. WORTHY, D. Co. v. CITY OF PHENIX CITY, ALABAMA,, 930 F.3d 1206 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . W.B.H. , 664 F.3d 848, 859 (11th Cir. 2011). . . . Garcetti , 852 F.3d 859, 865 (9th Cir. 2017) ("With respect to the first Mathews factor, the private . . .

TAYLOR, v. GRUBBS v. LT. SCDC SCDC DOE, DOE, AI v. SCDC LT MR C, 930 F.3d 611 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . . § 859 -and so on and so forth. . . .

R. BRADLEY, v. VILLAGE OF UNIVERSITY PARK, ILLINOIS,, 929 F.3d 875 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Cooke , 562 U.S. 216, 221-22, 131 S.Ct. 859, 178 L.Ed.2d 732 (2011). . . .

LLACUA De La v. WESTERN RANGE ASSOCIATION LLLP LLC D B A, 930 F.3d 1161 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Hickenlooper , 859 F.3d 865, 882 (10th Cir. 2017) (quotations omitted); see also 18 U.S.C. § 1961(4). . . .

B. SULLIVAN, v. DUMONT,, 391 F. Supp. 3d 161 (D. Mass. 2019)

. . . Cardiogenesis Corp. , 859 F. Supp. 2d 192, 202 (D. Mass. 2012) (internal quotations omitted). III. . . .

UNITED STATES v. HANSEN,, 929 F.3d 1238 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Williamson ("Brett Williamson "), 859 F.3d 843, 862 (10th Cir. 2017), cert. denied , --- U.S. ----, 138 . . . so long as relinquishment of the right is voluntary, knowing, and intelligent."); Brett Williamson , 859 . . . defendant is 'aware of the dangers and disadvantages of self-representation.' " Brett Williamson , 859 . . . and possible defenses, and is fully informed of the risks of proceeding pro se," Brett Williamson , 859 . . . and that the judge could not assume the role of advisory counsel for him"), with Brett Williamson , 859 . . .

RIOS, v. JENKINS,, 390 F. Supp. 3d 714 (W.D. Va. 2019)

. . . Tingle, 859 F.3d 241, 243 (4th Cir. 2017) (citing Graham v. . . . See Safar, 859 F.3d at 245 ("The first step in any such claim is to pinpoint the specific right that . . . textual source of constitutional protection against [unreasonable seizures and arrests].' " Safar, 859 . . .

INDIVIOR INC. UK RB Rx, LLC, v. DR. REDDY S LABORATORIES, S. A. Dr. s UT, USA, UK RB v. LLC,, 930 F.3d 1325 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Microsoft Corp. , 627 F.3d 859, 870 (Fed. Cir. 2010). . . .

STARR INDEMNITY LIABILITY COMPANY, v. BRIGHTSTAR CORP., 388 F. Supp. 3d 304 (S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . Searle & Co., 367 U.S. 303, 307, 81 S.Ct. 1579, 6 L.Ed.2d 859 (1961). . . .

UNITED STATES v. MILLS,, 388 F. Supp. 3d 895 (E.D. Mich. 2019)

. . . Georgia, 428 U.S. 153, 96 S.Ct. 2909, 49 L.Ed.2d 859 (1976) ] is not the solution to inherent jury bias . . .

SHULMAN v. CHAITMAN LLP LLP,, 392 F. Supp. 3d 340 (S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . PLC , 859 F.3d 188, 195 (2d Cir. 2017) (quoting Holmes v. . . .

MAZUR, KYC LLC LLC U. S. v. OSPINA BARAYA,, 275 So. 3d 812 (Fla. App. Ct. 2019)

. . . Irey, 165 So. 3d 859, 861 (Fla. 5th DCA 2015) (holding that "an internet publisher of various purportedly . . .

ENERGY WEST MINING COMPANY, v. H. LYLE, ON BEHALF OF E. LYLE, 929 F.3d 1202 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Helms , 859 F.2d 486, 490-91 (7th Cir. 1988) (reversing because the administrative law judge erroneously . . .

SAMANTHA S. v. COMMISSIONER OF SOCIAL SECURITY,, 385 F. Supp. 3d 174 (N.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . Bowen , 859 F.2d 255, 258 (2d Cir. 1988) (citing Universal Camera Corp. v. . . . See Williams , 859 F.2d at 258. . . .

UNITED STATES v. IN U. S. CURRENCY, By W,, 929 F.3d 1293 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . City of Palm Bay , 358 F.3d 859, 863-64 (11th Cir. 2004), and the district court did not abuse its discretion . . .

M. D. BY NEXT FRIEND R. STUKENBERG Z. H. B. S. A. A. M. J. S. J. H. V. J. L. H. C. C. H. C. A. R. v. ABBOTT, Jr., 929 F.3d 272 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . O'Neill , No. 2:89 CV 859 (SRU) (D. Conn. . . .

WHITSERVE LLC, v. DONUTS INC. LLC, v. LLC,, 390 F. Supp. 3d 571 (D. Del. 2019)

. . . Westlake Servs. , 859 F.3d 1044, 1055 (Fed. Cir. 2017). 2. . . .

ATHENA DIAGNOSTICS, INC. LTD. E. V. v. MAYO COLLABORATIVE SERVICES, LLC,, 927 F.3d 1333 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . True Health Diagnostics LLC , 859 F.3d 1352, 1363 (Fed. . . . Cleveland Clinic , 859 F.3d at 1355 ; Ariosa , 788 F.3d at 1377. . . . True Health Diagnostics LLC , 859 F.3d 1352 (Fed. . . . Cleveland Clinic I , 859 F.3d at 1363. . . . Westlake Servs. , 859 F.3d 1044, 1054-57 (Fed. . . .

UNITED STATES v. B. LEDBETTER A. A. L., 929 F.3d 338 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Underwood , 859 F.3d 386, 394 (6th Cir. 2017). . . .

UNITED STATES v. FLORES,, 929 F.3d 443 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Waldrip , 859 F.3d 446, 450 (7th Cir. 2017). . . . Waldrip , 859 F.3d at 450 ; United States v. Richardson , 238 F.3d 837, 841 (7th Cir. 2001). . . .

SIERRA CLUB v. J. TRUMP, T. K., 929 F.3d 670 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Winter, 502 F.3d 859, 863 (9th Cir. 2007). . . .

DIAZ, Jr. v. BERRYHILL,, 388 F. Supp. 3d 382 (M.D. Pa. 2019)

. . . Sec'y of Health & Human Servs., 859 F.2d 1156, 1162 (3d Cir. 1988) (eight years of administrative and . . . Sec'y of Health & Human Servs., 859 F.2d 1156, 1162 (3d Cir. 1988) (eight years of administrative and . . . Sec'y of Health & Human Servs., 859 F.2d 1156, 1162 (3d Cir. 1988) (eight years of administrative and . . . Sec'y of Health & Human Servs., 859 F.2d 1156, 1162 (3d Cir. 1988) (emphasis in original). . . .

R. BROWN, E. R. A. v. COLLIER, R. R. A. v., 929 F.3d 218 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . ACLU of Ky. , 545 U.S. 844, 859-66, 125 S.Ct. 2722, 162 L.Ed.2d 729 (2005) (applying the Lemon factors . . .

KIEBALA, v. BORIS,, 928 F.3d 680 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Nevada Landing Partnership , 369 Ill.App.3d 318, 307 Ill.Dec. 511, 859 N.E.2d 1188 (2006). . . . Id. , 307 Ill.Dec. 511, 859 N.E.2d at 1189-90. . . . Id. , 307 Ill.Dec. 511, 859 N.E.2d at 1190. . . . Id. , 307 Ill.Dec. 511, 859 N.E.2d at 1193. . . . Id. , 307 Ill.Dec. 511, 859 N.E.2d at 1194. . . .

ANDY WARHOL FOUNDATION FOR THE VISUAL ARTS, INC. v. GOLDSMITH, 382 F. Supp. 3d 312 (S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . Books, Inc., 602 F.2d 859, 864 (9th Cir. 1979) ("[T]he fact that an allegedly infringing copy of a protected . . .

BAKER v. EQUITY RESIDENTIAL MANAGEMENT, L. L. C. EQR- LLC,, 390 F. Supp. 3d 246 (D. Mass. 2019)

. . . Littleton, 68 Mass.App.Ct. 22, 859 N.E.2d 882, 885 n.7 (2007). . . .

RAULERSON, Jr. v. WARDEN,, 928 F.3d 987 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Williams , 831 So. 2d 835, 859 (La. 2002) ; Murphy v. State , 54 P.3d 556, 573 (Okla. Crim. . . . justifies applying a preponderance of evidence standard at the hearing."); Williams , 831 So. 2d at 859 . . .

IN RE PETTERS COMPANY, INC. LLC PC LLC LLC SPF LLC PL LLC MGC PAC LLC A. BMO v. BMO N. A. M I, 603 B.R. 424 (Bankr. Minn. 2019)

. . . Rothman , 229 F.Supp.3d 859, 874 (D. Minn. 2017) (citing Glickert v. Loop Trolley Transp. Dev. . . .

UNITED STATES v. FURLOW,, 928 F.3d 311 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Farrad , 895 F.3d 859, 887-88 (6th Cir. 2018) (reviewing contention for plain error that ACCA enhancement . . .

PAVATT, v. CARPENTER,, 928 F.3d 906 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Royal , 859 F.3d 920, 935 (10th Cir. 2017), Mr. . . . procedural bar when questioned at oral argument about the insufficient-narrowing component of that claim. 859 . . . Royal, 859 F.3d 920 (10th Cir. 2017). . . .

HALL- WADLEY, v. MAINTENANCE DEPARTMENT,, 386 F. Supp. 3d 512 (E.D. Pa. 2019)

. . . CCAIR, Inc. , 29 F.3d 855, 859 (3d Cir. 1994) ; Fay v. . . .

IN RE FINANCIAL OVERSIGHT AND MANAGEMENT BOARD FOR PUERTO RICO, In, 390 F. Supp. 3d 311 (D. P.R. 2019)

. . . See Aurelius, 915 F.3d at 850 & 859-60 ; see also, e.g., Perez v. Mortg. . . .

PENATE, v. KACZMAREK,, 928 F.3d 128 (1st Cir. 2019)

. . . Kellett, 859 F.3d 148, 152 (1st Cir. 2017) (lacking interlocutory jurisdiction because immunity depended . . . See Filler, 859 F.3d at 153 ("Importantly, absolute immunity does not necessarily apply to all actions . . .

J. K. J. M. J. J. v. POLK COUNTY L., 928 F.3d 576 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . K & R Express Sys., Inc. , 391 F.3d 859, 863 (7th Cir. 2004) ). . . .

UNITED STATES v. NYAH,, 928 F.3d 694 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Farrad , 895 F.3d 859, 890 & n.23 (6th Cir. 2018) ; see also United States v. . . .

JAGUAR LAND ROVER LIMITED, v. BENTLEY MOTORS LIMITED,, 388 F. Supp. 3d 665 (E.D. Va. 2019)

. . . True Health Diagnostics LLC, 859 F.3d 1352, 1359 (Fed. . . .

KANE COUNTY, UTAH, v. UNITED STATES, 928 F.3d 877 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Hickenlooper , 859 F.3d 865, 913 (10th Cir. 2017) ; see also Town of Chester v. . . . remove the Article III hurdle that anyone faces when voluntarily seeking to enter a federal court." 859 . . . Hickenlooper , 859 F.3d 865, 913 (10th Cir. 2017), for the proposition that "any party" seeking to intervene . . .

ESTATE OF OSUNA, v. COUNTY OF STANISLAUS, s, 392 F. Supp. 3d 1162 (E.D. Cal. 2019)

. . . App'x 859 (9th Cir. 2017) ; see also Becker v. . . .

MAYNE PHARMA INTERNATIONAL PTY. LTD. v. MERCK SHARP DOHME CORP., 927 F.3d 1232 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . MindGeek, s.a.r.l. , 859 F.3d 1014, 1019 (Fed. Cir. 2017), cert. denied , --- U.S. ----, 138 S. . . . J.A. 84; see Skky, Inc. , 859 F.3d at 1019. . . .

KLIKNO, v. UNITED STATES v. D. v. v. v. v., 928 F.3d 539 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Brooks , 202 Ill.App.3d 164, 147 Ill.Dec. 519, 559 N.E.2d 859, 863 (1990) (holding that defendant's push . . . Chagoya-Morales, 859 F.3d 411, 422 (7th Cir. 2017), in which "[a] recent examination of a sampling of . . .