Home
Menu
Call attorney Graham Syfert at 904-383-7448
Personal Injury Lawyer
Florida Statute 865 | Lawyer Caselaw & Research
F.S. 865 Case Law from Google Scholar
Statute is currently reporting as:
Link to State of Florida Official Statute Google Search for Amendments to 865

The 2023 Florida Statutes (including Special Session C)

Title XLVI
CRIMES
Chapter 865
VIOLATIONS OF CERTAIN COMMERCIAL RESTRICTIONS
View Entire Chapter
CHAPTER 865
CHAPTER 865
VIOLATIONS OF CERTAIN COMMERCIAL RESTRICTIONS
865.02 Falsely shipping fruit or oranges as Florida-grown.
865.05 Selling trees, plants, or vines under false name.
865.065 Disparagement of perishable agricultural food products; cause of action; limitation.
865.07 Adulterated syrup.
865.08 Purchase of cotton or leaf tobacco.
865.09 Fictitious name registration.
865.10 Linen suppliers.
865.02 Falsely shipping fruit or oranges as Florida-grown.Whoever ships foreign-grown fruit or oranges, representing by mark or otherwise that said fruit is the product of the state, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
History.s. 2, ch. 3454, 1883; RS 2708; GS 3699; RGS 5647; CGL 7851; s. 1115, ch. 71-136.
865.05 Selling trees, plants, or vines under false name.All trees, plants, seeds, and vines sold, offered for sale, or exposed for sale in this state shall be properly named as to variety and kind, and any person knowingly selling, trading, exchanging, or offering or exposing for sale any trees, seeds, plants, or vines falsely named as to variety and kind, with the purpose to deceive or defraud the purchaser, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.083.
History.s. 1, ch. 5233, 1903; GS 3704; RGS 5656; CGL 7857; s. 1117, ch. 71-136.
865.065 Disparagement of perishable agricultural food products; cause of action; limitation.
(1) The Legislature finds, determines, and declares that the production of agricultural food products constitutes an important and significant portion of the state economy and that it is imperative to protect the vitality of the agricultural economy for the citizens of this state by providing a cause of action for agricultural producers to recover damages for the disparagement of any perishable agricultural product.
(2) For purposes of this section, the term:
(a) “Disparagement” means the willful or malicious dissemination to the public in any manner of any false information that a perishable agricultural food product is not safe for human consumption. False information is that information which is not based on reliable, scientific facts and reliable, scientific data which the disseminator knows or should have known to be false.
(b) “Perishable agricultural food product” means any agricultural or aquacultural food product or commodity grown or produced within the State of Florida which is sold or distributed in a form that will perish or decay within a reasonable period of time.
(c) “Producer” means the person who actually grows or produces perishable agricultural food products.
(3) Any producer or any association representing producers of perishable agricultural food products which suffers damages as a result of another person’s disparagement of any such perishable agricultural food product may bring an action for damages and for any other relief a court of competent jurisdiction deems appropriate, including, but not limited to, compensatory and punitive damages.
(4) The statute of limitations for disparagement of perishable agricultural food products is 2 years from the date the disparagement occurs.
History.s. 1, ch. 94-131; s. 4, ch. 95-168.
865.07 Adulterated syrup.
(1) Any person, or agent thereof, who shall sell, offer for sale, or advertise for sale in this state any adulterated or mixed syrups whatever, except at the time of such sale or offer for sale the percentage of such adulteration or mixture and the name and post office address of the manufacturer is clearly stamped or labeled on the barrel, can, case, bottle, or other receptacle containing such syrup or mixture, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
(2) The term “adulterated mixture” or “admixture,” as used herein is understood to apply to all mixtures of two or more ingredients differing in their nature and quality, such as sugarcane syrup, sorghum syrup, maple syrup, molasses, or glucose.
History.ss. 1, 2, 3, ch. 5231, 1903; GS 3706; RGS 5657; CGL 7860; s. 1119, ch. 71-136.
865.08 Purchase of cotton or leaf tobacco.Whoever trades, traffics for, or buys, except from the producer or the producer’s authorized agent, any cotton or leaf tobacco, unless the same be baled or boxed in the usual manner, or unless upon some exhibition of evidence in writing that the producer has parted with her or his interest therein, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
History.s. 11, ch. 1466, 1866; RS 2711; GS 3707; RGS 5658; CGL 7861; s. 1120, ch. 71-136; s. 1396, ch. 97-102.
865.09 Fictitious name registration.
(1) SHORT TITLE.This section may be cited as the “Fictitious Name Act.”
(2) DEFINITIONS.As used in this section, the term:
(a) “Business” means any enterprise or venture in which a person sells, buys, exchanges, barters, deals, or represents the dealing in any thing or article of value, or renders services for compensation.
(b) “Division” means the Division of Corporations of the Department of State.
(c) “Fictitious name” means any name under which a person transacts business in this state, other than the person’s legal name.
(d) “Registrant” means a person who registers a fictitious name with the division.
(3) REGISTRATION.
(a) A person may not engage in business under a fictitious name unless the person first registers the name with the division by filing a registration listing:
1. The name to be registered.
2. The mailing address of the business.
3. The name and address of each registrant.
4. If the registrant is a business entity that was required to file incorporation or similar documents with its state of organization when it was organized, such entity must be registered with the division and in active status with the division; provide its Florida document registration number; and provide its federal employer identification number if the entity has such a number.
5. Certification by at least one registrant that the intention to register such fictitious name has been advertised at least once in a newspaper as defined in chapter 50 in the county in which the principal place of business of the registrant is or will be located.
6. Any other information the division may reasonably deem necessary to adequately inform other governmental agencies and the public as to the registrant so conducting business.
(b) Such registration shall be accompanied by the applicable processing fees and any other taxes or penalties owed to the state.
(c) With respect to a general partnership that is not registered with the division, its partners are the registrants and not the partnership entity. With respect to a general partnership that is registered with the division, the partnership is the registrant, and it must be in active status with the division at the time the registration is filed.
(4) CANCELLATION AND REREGISTRATION.If a registrant ceases to engage in business under a registered fictitious name, such registrant shall file a cancellation with the division within 30 days after the cessation occurs. If such cessation is in connection with a transfer of the business or, with respect to a general partnership that is not registered with the division, in connection with a transfer by a general partner of all or any part of the general partner’s partnership interest and, as a result, a new person will engage in business under the registered fictitious name, such new person may reregister the name pursuant to subsection (3) at the same time as the cancellation is filed.
(5) TERM.
(a) A fictitious name registered under this section shall be valid for a period beginning on the date of registration or reregistration and expiring on December 31 of the 5th calendar year thereafter, counting the period from registration or reregistration through December 31 of the year of registration or reregistration as the first calendar year.
(b) Each renewal under subsection (6) is valid for a period of 5 years beginning on January 1 of the year following the prior registration expiration date and expiring on December 31 of the 5th calendar year.
(6) RENEWAL.
(a) Renewal of a fictitious name registration shall occur on or after January 1 and on or before December 31 of the expiration year. Upon timely filing of a renewal statement, the effectiveness of the name registration is continued for 5 years as provided in subsection (5).
(b) In the year that a registration is to expire, the division shall notify the registrant of the fictitious name registration of the upcoming expiration of the fictitious name no later than September 1. If the registrant of the fictitious name has provided the division with an electronic mail address, such notice shall be by electronic transmission. If the business is a general partnership that is not registered with the division and, thus, there is more than one registrant for the fictitious name, the division need only notify one of the registrants.
(c) If a registrant of the fictitious name registration fails to timely file a renewal and pay the appropriate processing fees on or before December 31 of the year of expiration, the fictitious name registration expires. The division shall remove any expired or canceled fictitious name registration from its records and may purge such registrations. Failure to receive the notice of expiration required by paragraph (b) shall not constitute grounds for appeal of a registration’s expiration or removal from the division’s records.
(d) If a registered fictitious name is prohibited by subsection (14) at the time of renewal, the fictitious name may not be renewed.
(7) EXEMPTIONS.A business formed by an attorney actively licensed to practice law in this state, by a person actively licensed by the Department of Business and Professional Regulation or the Department of Health for the purpose of practicing his or her licensed profession, or by any corporation, limited liability company, partnership, or other business entity that is organized or registered and in active status with the division is not required to register its name pursuant to this section, unless the name under which business is to be conducted differs from the name as licensed or registered.
(8) EFFECT OF REGISTRATION.Notwithstanding any other law, registration under this section is for public notice only, and does not give rise to a presumption of the registrant’s rights to own or use the name registered, nor does it affect trademark, service mark, trade name, or corporate or other business entity name rights previously acquired by others in the same or a similar name. Registration under this section does not reserve a fictitious name against future use.
(9) PENALTIES.
(a) If a business fails to comply with this section, neither the business nor the person or persons engaging in the business may maintain any action, suit, or proceeding in any court of this state with respect to or on behalf of such business until this section is complied with. An action, suit, or proceeding may not be maintained in any court of this state by any successor or assignee of such business on any right, claim, or demand arising out of the transaction of business by such business in this state until this section has been complied with.
(b) The failure of a business to comply with this section does not impair the validity of any contract, deed, mortgage, security interest, lien, or act of such business and does not prevent such business from defending any action, suit, or proceeding in any court of this state. However, a party aggrieved by a noncomplying business may be awarded reasonable attorney fees and court costs necessitated by the noncomplying business.
(c) Any person who fails to comply with this section commits a noncriminal violation as defined in s. 775.08, punishable as provided in s. 775.083.
(10) POWERS OF DIVISION.The division is granted the power reasonably necessary to enable it to administer this section efficiently and to perform the duties herein imposed upon it.
(11) FORMS.Registration, cancellation, and renewal shall be made on forms prescribed by the division, which may include the uniform business report, pursuant to s. 606.06, as a means of satisfying the requirement of this section.
(12) PROCESSING FEES.The division shall charge and collect nonrefundable processing fees as follows:
(a) For registration of a fictitious name, $50.
(b) For cancellation or cancellation and reregistration of a fictitious name, $50.
(c) For renewal of a fictitious name registration, $50.
(d) For furnishing a certified copy of a fictitious name registration document, $30.
(e) For furnishing a certificate of status, $10.
(13) DEPOSIT OF FUNDS.All funds required to be paid to the division pursuant to this section shall be collected and deposited into the General Revenue Fund.
(14) PROHIBITION.A fictitious name registered as provided in this section may not contain the following words, abbreviations, or designations:
(a) “Corporation,” “incorporated,” “Corp.,” or “Inc.,” unless the person or business for which the name is registered is incorporated or has obtained a certificate of authority to transact business in this state pursuant to chapter 607 or chapter 617.
(b) “Limited partnership,” “limited liability limited partnership,” “LP,” “L.P.,” “LLLP,” or “L.L.L.P.,” unless the person or business for which the name is registered is organized as a limited partnership or has obtained a certificate of authority to transact business in this state pursuant to ss. 620.1101-620.2205.
(c) “Limited liability partnership,” “LLP,” or “L.L.P.,” unless the person or business for which the name is registered is registered as a limited liability partnership or has obtained a certificate of authority to transact business in this state pursuant to s. 620.9102.
(d) “Limited liability company,” “LLC,” or “L.L.C.,” unless the person or business for which the name is registered is organized as a limited liability company or has obtained a certificate of authority to transact business in this state pursuant to chapter 605.
(e) “Professional association,” “PA,” “P.A.,” or “chartered,” unless the person or business for which the name is registered is organized as a professional corporation pursuant to chapter 621, or is organized as a professional corporation pursuant to a similar law of another jurisdiction and has obtained a certificate of authority to transact business in this state pursuant to chapter 607.
(f) “Professional limited liability company,” “PLLC,” “P.L.L.C.,” “PL,” or “P.L.,” unless the person or business for which the name is registered is organized as a professional limited liability company pursuant to chapter 621, or is organized as a professional limited liability company pursuant to a similar law of another jurisdiction and has obtained a certificate of authority to transact business in this state pursuant to chapter 605.
(15) LEGAL DESIGNATION OF ENTITY.Notwithstanding any other law to the contrary, a fictitious name registered as provided in this section for a corporation, limited liability company, limited liability partnership, or limited partnership is not required to contain the designation of the type of legal entity in which the person or business is organized, including the terms “corporation,” “limited liability company,” “limited liability partnership,” “limited partnership,” or any abbreviation or derivative thereof.
History.ss. 1-5, ch. 20953, 1941; s. 1, ch. 26760, 1951; s. 1, ch. 67-209; s. 35, ch. 70-134; s. 1121, ch. 71-136; s. 1, ch. 85-64; s. 1, ch. 90-267; s. 2, ch. 94-87; s. 253, ch. 94-218; s. 90, ch. 95-211; s. 1397, ch. 97-102; s. 240, ch. 98-166; s. 11, ch. 99-218; s. 32, ch. 99-285; s. 2, ch. 2000-298; s. 14, ch. 2003-401; s. 25, ch. 2009-72; s. 16, ch. 2010-117; s. 110, ch. 2013-18; s. 74, ch. 2014-209; s. 1, ch. 2017-47; s. 284, ch. 2019-90.
865.10 Linen suppliers.
(1) REGISTRATION OF NAME.A person engaged in the business of supplying or furnishing for hire or compensation on a rental or lease basis clean laundered bed linen or table linen, garments, aprons, or towels who uses her or his name and the word “registered” on such articles or supplies may register such articles or supplies by filing in the office of the clerk of the circuit court of the county where her or his principal place of business is situated, and also with the Department of State, a description of the name so used by her or him, and paying a fee of $25 to each office for each filing, and shall publish such description once in each of 3 successive weeks in a newspaper of general circulation in the county where the description has been filed.
(2) UNAUTHORIZED USE OR DISPOSITION OF REGISTERED LINENS, ETC.No person shall without the written consent of the owner willfully take, detain, use, sell, traffic in or otherwise dispose of, or use for any purpose other than that for which such article was intended any registered bed linen or table linen, garment, apron, or towel; provided, however, that the use of such article or articles at the place where the same are placed or delivered by the owner or owners under an agreement, lease, or license from such owner shall not be unlawful; and provided, further, that nothing herein contained shall make it unlawful for any caterer, hotel, restaurant, cafe, or other public hostelry to permit and allow the use of such bed linen or table linen, garment, apron, or towel by any guest, boarder, or regularly hired employee thereof during the period of any lease, renting, or hiring agreement of said supplies with the owner thereof.
(3) PENALTY.Anyone found guilty of violation of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
History.ss. 1, 2, ch. 67-196; ss. 10, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 1122, ch. 71-136; s. 1398, ch. 97-102.

F.S. 865 on Google Scholar

F.S. 865 on Casetext

Amendments to 865


Arrestable Offenses / Crimes under Fla. Stat. 865
Level: Degree
Misdemeanor/Felony: First/Second/Third

S865.02 - FRAUD - FALSELY SHIP NON FLORIDA ORANGES AS FL ORANGES - M: S
S865.04 - FRAUD - REPEALED 2000-272 - M: F
S865.05 - FRAUD - SELL TREES PLANTS OR VINES UNDER FALSE NAME - M: S
S865.07 - FOOD-ADULTERATED - ADULTERATE SYRUP - M: S
S865.08 - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - UNLAWFUL PURCHASE COTTON LEAF TOBACCO - M: S
S865.09 - FRAUD - FICTITIOUS NAME REQUIREMENT FAIL TO REGISTER - M: S
S865.10 - FRAUD - UNAUTHORIZED DISPOSITION OF REGISTERED LINEN - M: F



Annotations, Discussions, Cases:

Cases from cite.case.law:

BARNES, v. AHLMAN,, 140 S. Ct. 2620 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Frommert , 556 U.S. 1401, 1402, 129 S.Ct. 1861, 173 L.Ed.2d 865 (2009) (GINSBURG, J., in chambers))). . . .

J. TRUMP, v. MAZARS USA, LLP, J. v. AG,, 140 S. Ct. 2019 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Deb. 865-866 (Rep. . . . Id. , at 865-866 (Rep. Strong). . . .

LITTLE SISTERS OF THE POOR SAINTS PETER AND PAUL HOME, v. PENNSYLVANIA, J. v., 140 S. Ct. 2367 (U.S. 2020)

. . . See 467 U.S. at 865-866, 104 S.Ct. 2778. . . . See id., at 865, 104 S.Ct. 2778. . . .

ROGERS, v. GREWAL,, 140 S. Ct. 1865 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Gallagher , 712 F.3d 865, 876 (C.A.4 2013) ; Drake v. . . .

LUCKY BRAND DUNGAREES, INC. v. MARCEL FASHIONS GROUP, INC., 140 S. Ct. 1589 (U.S. 2020)

. . . National Screen Service Corp. , 349 U.S. 322, 327-328, 75 S.Ct. 865, 99 L.Ed. 1122 (1955) (holding that . . .

BARTON, v. P. BARR,, 140 S. Ct. 1442 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Sessions , 865 F.3d 60, 68 (C.A.2 2017) ; Ardon v. . . . Dec. 689, 693-694 (BIA 1999) (date of commission is controlling date); see also Heredia , 865 F.3d at . . .

KANSAS, v. GARCIA v. v., 140 S. Ct. 791 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Bank of United States , 9 Wheat. 738, 865, 6 L.Ed. 204 (1824) (rejecting argument that a federal exemption . . .

GUEDES, v. BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS AND EXPLOSIVES,, 140 S. Ct. 789 (U.S. 2020)

. . . the people,' " Epic Systems , 584 U.S., at ----, 138 S.Ct., at 1630 (quoting Chevron , 467 U.S. at 865 . . .

S. A. TIPP, v. JPMC SPECIALTY MORTGAGE, LLC., 140 S. Ct. 1124 (U.S. 2020)

. . . No. 19-865 Supreme Court of the United States. . . .

REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES OF PLANNED PARENTHOOD OF ST. LOUIS REGION, INC. P. D. O. M. S. C. I. F. A. C. O. G, v. L. PARSON,, 389 F. Supp. 3d 631 (W.D. Mo. 2019)

. . . Bangerter, 809 F.Supp. 865 (D. Utah. 1992) (appealed on other issues). . . .

EDMO, v. CORIZON, INC. Al v. Al, 935 F.3d 757 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Dental Dep't , 865 F.2d 198, 200 (9th Cir. 1989). . . . NASA , 530 F.3d 865, 882 (9th Cir. 2008) ("Unlike monetary injuries, constitutional violations cannot . . .

UNITED STATES v. WILLIAMS, Sr., 934 F.3d 1122 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Williams , 865 F.3d 1302, 1310 (10th Cir. 2017) (citations omitted). . . . Williams , 865 F.3d at 1316 ; see id. . . . See Williams , 865 F.3d at 1316 (upholding materiality even if the agency determination had already been . . . Williams , 865 F.3d at 1310 n.10. . . . effect on its case because it was still 'of a type' capable of influencing a reasonable decision maker." 865 . . .

SEMPLE, a a k a a v. GRISWOLD, Be USA A., 934 F.3d 1134 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Davis , 766 F.2d 865, 868 (4th Cir. 1985) (upholding requirement of 200 signatures from each of Virginia's . . . Davis, 766 F.2d 865, 868 (4th Cir. 1985) (upholding a Virginia law requiring minor-party presidential . . .

BACA v. COLORADO DEPARTMENT OF STATE, G. T. L. M., 935 F.3d 887 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Higgins , 498 U.S. 439, 448, 111 S.Ct. 865, 112 L.Ed.2d 969 (1991). . . . Id. at 448-49, 111 S.Ct. 865 (third alteration in original) (quoting Golden State Transit Corp. v. . . .

MWANGI v. P. BARR,, 934 F.3d 818 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Gonzales, 471 F.3d 858, 865 (8th Cir. 2006). . . .

SAM K. v. SAUL,, 391 F. Supp. 3d 874 (N.D. Ill. 2019)

. . . Colvin , 807 F.3d 862, 865, 869 (7th Cir. 2015) (warning against equating the activities of daily living-like . . .

S. BLEDSOE, v. VANDERBILT,, 934 F.3d 1112 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Coulter, 865 F.3d 339, 344 (6th Cir. 2017) ("[T]he denial of a Rule 12(b)(6) motion to dismiss is not . . .

UNITED STATES v. PAWLAK,, 935 F.3d 337 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . McNealy , 625 F.3d 858, 865-66 (5th Cir. 2010), a defendant asserted that the factfinder was incapable . . . witness testified that he believed that the children depicted in the images were "real minors," id. at 865 . . .

ST. CHARLES SURGICAL HOSPITAL, L. L. C. v. LOUISIANA HEALTH SERVICE INDEMNITY COMPANY,, 935 F.3d 352 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . San Diego , 865 F.3d 1237, 1247 (9th Cir. 2017) ; Jacks v. Meridian Res. . . .

WILLIAMS v. TAYLOR SEIDENBACH, INCORPORATED, v., 935 F.3d 358 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . EGA Prod., Inc. , 475 F.3d 865, 867 (7th Cir. 2007) ("In evaluating 'finality,' we [have held that] it . . .

IN RE J. SHENK, Sr. J. Sr. v. U. S., 603 B.R. 671 (Bankr. N.D. N.Y. 2019)

. . . Conn. 2006) (citing In re Rutherford , 317 B.R. 865, 880-81 (Bankr. N.D. . . .

GRAHAM v. ST. LOUIS METROPOLITAN POLICE DEPARTMENT O P. O. K., 933 F.3d 1007 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Young, 790 F.3d 865, 867 (8th Cir. 2015). . . .

KOH, v. USTICH,, 933 F.3d 836 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Huerta , 239 F.3d 865, 871 (7th Cir. 2001). Regarding Mr. . . .

KELSAY, v. ERNST,, 933 F.3d 975 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Id. at 865 (citing Bauer v. . . .

J. BAUWENS, v. REVCON TECHNOLOGY GROUP, INC., 935 F.3d 534 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Plan , 555 U.S. 285, 129 S.Ct. 865, 172 L.Ed.2d 662 (2009). See also Metropolitan Life Ins. Co. v. . . .

UNITED STATES v. BRAZIER,, 933 F.3d 796 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Snyder , 865 F.3d 490, 499 (7th Cir. 2017). . . .

N. S. v. KANSAS CITY BOARD OF POLICE COMMISSIONERS, 933 F.3d 967 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Brooks , 865 F.3d 1119, 1129 (8th Cir. 2017) (citations omitted). . . .

LAVALLEE, v. MED- SOLUTIONS, LLC,, 932 F.3d 1049 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Time Warner Cable, Inc. , 865 F.3d 884, 887 (7th Cir. 2017) (quotation marks omitted). . . . her complaint never alleged how that violation affected an "underlying concrete interest," Groshek , 865 . . .

DUMONT, v. REILY FOODS COMPANY, 934 F.3d 35 (1st Cir. 2019)

. . . Kohl's Dep't Stores, Inc., 865 F.3d 17, 21 (1st Cir. 2017) (observing that the Rule 9(b) heightened pleading . . . Nordstrom, Inc., 865 F.3d 1, 6 (1st Cir. 2017). . . . Nordstrom, Inc., 865 F.3d 1, 6 (1st Cir. 2017). . . .

VALBRUNA SLATER STEEL CORPORATION, v. JOSLYN MANUFACTURING COMPANY,, 934 F.3d 553 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . CVS Pharmacy, Inc. , 889 F.3d 865, 869 (7th Cir. 2018) ; see also Carmody v. . . .

ADLER, v. SPI SOLAR, INC. SPI Co., 391 F. Supp. 3d 303 (S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . Yonkers Child Care Ass'n, Inc., 45 N.Y.2d 913, 915, 383 N.E.2d 865, 866, 411 N.Y.S.2d 219 (Ct. . . .

BRENDA L. v. SAUL,, 392 F. Supp. 3d 858 (N.D. Ill. 2019)

. . . . # 21, at 7 (citing R. 859, 865, 1016, 1223, 1271, 1429, 1852) ]. . . .

UNITED STATES v. BROWN, v. J., 932 F.3d 1011 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Williams , 840 F.3d 865 (7th Cir. 2016). B. . . .

UNITED STATES v. P. MAZZULLA, 932 F.3d 1091 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Almeida-Olivas, 865 F.3d 1060, 1064 (8th Cir. 2017), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 138 S. . . . Almeida-Olivas, 865 F.3d at 1064 (citing Lasley, 832 F.3d at 913 ). . . .

UNITED STATES, v. GAUDET,, 933 F.3d 11 (1st Cir. 2019)

. . . Co., 865 F.2d 1331, 1340 (1st Cir. 1988). . . .

UNITED STATES v. BOSYK,, 933 F.3d 319 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . King , 563 U.S. 452, 459, 131 S.Ct. 1849, 179 L.Ed.2d 865 (2011) (quoting Brigham City v. . . .

D. LISLE, Jr. v. WELBORN,, 933 F.3d 705 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Walker , 865 F.3d 544, 551 (7th Cir. 2017) (inmate's "right to be free from deliberate indifference to . . .

SIMMONS, v. SAFEWAY, INC. d b a a, 388 F. Supp. 3d 1305 (W.D. Wash. 2019)

. . . Idaho Dep't of Corr. , 865 F.3d 1154, 1161 (9th Cir. 2017). . . .

UNITED STATES v. HERNANDEZ- MIESES,, 931 F.3d 134 (1st Cir. 2019)

. . . Silva, 865 F.3d 238, 243 (5th Cir. 2017) (sweep of trailer home lasted less than a minute); United States . . .

IN RE L. VENANZIO, J. v. U. S., 602 B.R. 921 (Bankr. W.D. Pa. 2019)

. . . Central Hanover Bank & Trust Co., 339 U.S. 306, 314, 70 S.Ct. 652, 94 L.Ed. 865 (1950). . . .

UNITED STATES v. FELDMAN,, 931 F.3d 1245 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Carlino , 449 Mass. 71, 865 N.E.2d 767, 774 (2007) ; see also, e.g. , United States v. . . .

CITY OF MIAMI GARDENS, a v. WELLS FARGO CO. N. A., 931 F.3d 1274 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Bank of Savannah, N.A. , 859 F.2d 865, 870-71 (11th Cir. 1988). . . .

UNITED STATES v. D. JACKSON, v. D., 932 F.3d 556 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Jackson , 865 F.3d 946, 954 (7th Cir. 2017). . . . for using or carrying a firearm to commit a federal crime of violence and REMAND for resentencing. 865 . . .

DEFENDERS OF WILDLIFE v. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U. S. LLC,, 931 F.3d 339 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . J.A. 865. . . .

UNITED STATES v. SHELDON TREE TOP,, 931 F.3d 720 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Senty-Haugen, 449 F.3d 862, 865 (8th Cir. 2006). . . .

FOROUZAN v. BMW OF NORTH AMERICA, LLC,, 390 F. Supp. 3d 1184 (C.D. Cal. 2019)

. . . Package Machinery Co. , 865 F.2d 1331, 1347-48 (1st Cir. 1988) (Massachusetts cost-shifting provision . . .

HUPP R. H. a v. COOK C. R., 931 F.3d 307 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . King , 563 U.S. 452, 461, 131 S.Ct. 1849, 179 L.Ed.2d 865 (2011). 1. . . .

PLANNED PARENTHOOD SOUTHWEST OHIO REGION v. DEWINE, 931 F.3d 530 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Dayton Hudson Corp. , 865 F.2d 789, 790 (6th Cir. 1989) ). . . .

KOALA, v. KHOSLA,, 931 F.3d 887 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . of the relief sought in that case would likely restore the student government's funding. 824 F.3d at 865 . . .

UNITED STATES v. IWAI,, 930 F.3d 1141 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Wilson , 865 F.2d 215, 216 (9th Cir. 1989), the district court's findings of fact are reviewed for clear . . . King , 563 U.S. 452, 460, 131 S.Ct. 1849, 179 L.Ed.2d 865 (2011) (quoting Mincey v. . . . King , 563 U.S. 452, 466-67, 131 S.Ct. 1849, 179 L.Ed.2d 865 (2011). That is true but irrelevant. . . .

HARTMAN v. THOMPSON, 931 F.3d 471 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Howard , 447 S.W.2d 865 (Ky. 1969) ). . . . Commonwealth , 865 S.W.2d 332, 334-35 (Ky. 1993) (concluding that a city's prohibition on nudity in " . . .

DIAZ- QUIRAZCO, v. P. BARR,, 931 F.3d 830 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Holder , 685 F.3d 857, 865 (9th Cir. 2012) (quoting Fregozo v. . . .

UNITED STATES v. MCKOWN,, 930 F.3d 721 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . On account of "the limitations on the federal courts in the field of mental health," Shawar , 865 F.2d . . . See Shawar , 865 F.2d at 863-64. Lastly, McKown points to Carr v. . . . Shawar , 865 F.2d 856, 861 (7th Cir. 1989) (noting that the "likelihood of recovery is not something . . . 1055, 1061-63 (9th Cir. 2007) ; Filippi , 211 F.3d at 651-52 ; Donofrio , 896 F.2d at 1303 ; Shawar , 865 . . . App'x at 712 ; Ferro , 321 F.3d at 762 ; Donofrio , 896 F.2d at 1302 ; Shawar , 865 F.2d at 861. . . .

IN RE LICKING RIVER MINING, LLC, v. LLC,, 603 B.R. 336 (Bankr. E.D. Ky. 2019)

. . . Griffin , 865 F.3d 417, 445 (6th Cir. 2017) (quoting Steelvest, Inc. v. . . .

DISABILITY RIGHTS MONTANA, INC. v. BATISTA,, 930 F.3d 1090 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Dental Dep't , 865 F.2d 198, 201 (9th Cir. 1989) (holding that a dispute of fact prevented summary judgment . . .

N. Y. C. C. v. P. BARR,, 930 F.3d 884 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Sessions , 865 F.3d 476, 487 (7th Cir. 2017). . . .

MARINELARENA, v. P. BARR,, 930 F.3d 1039 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Ct. 865, 202 L.Ed.2d 629 (2019) ; Gutierrez v. . . . Ct. 865, 202 L.Ed.2d 629 (2019). See, e.g. , Salem v. . . .

F. WORTHY, D. Co. v. CITY OF PHENIX CITY, ALABAMA,, 930 F.3d 1206 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Garcetti , 852 F.3d 859, 865 (9th Cir. 2017) ("With respect to the first Mathews factor, the private . . .

UNITED STATES v. T. HERMAN,, 930 F.3d 872 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . App'x 863, 865-66 (11th Cir. 2017) (citing United States v. . . .

SAID, v. NATIONAL RAILROAD PASSENGER CORPORATION,, 390 F. Supp. 3d 46 (D.D.C. 2019)

. . . Supp. 865, 872 (D.D.C. 1988) (citing 45 U.S.C. §§ 151 - 88 (1987) ), aff'd, 889 F.2d 291 (D.C. . . .

EBBE, v. CONCORDE INVESTMENT SERVICES, LLC G. M. a k a M., 392 F. Supp. 3d 228 (D. Mass. 2019)

. . . Co., 339 U.S. 306, 314, 70 S.Ct. 652, 94 L.Ed. 865 (1950) ). . . .

MORENO GALVEZ, v. T. CUCCINELLI,, 387 F. Supp. 3d 1208 (W.D. Wash. 2019)

. . . Pena, 865 F.3d 1211, 1217 (9th Cir. 2017) (quoting Shell Offshore, Inc. v. . . .

CHACOTY, v. POMPEO, U. S., 392 F. Supp. 3d 1 (D.D.C. 2019)

. . . Tillerson , 865 F.3d 643, 655 (D.C. . . . Tillerson , 865 F.3d 643 (D.C. Cir. 2017). . . . Xia , 865 F.3d at 649. . . . United States , 320 U.S. 118, 125, 63 S.Ct. 1333, 87 L.Ed. 1796 (1943) ; see also Xia , 865 F.3d at 654 . . . Xia , 865 F.3d at 650. . . .

LLACUA De La v. WESTERN RANGE ASSOCIATION LLLP LLC D B A, 930 F.3d 1161 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Hickenlooper , 859 F.3d 865, 882 (10th Cir. 2017) (quotations omitted); see also 18 U.S.C. § 1961(4). . . .

HAROUN, v. U. S. DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY U. S. T., 929 F.3d 1007 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . United States , 865 F.3d 1045, 1050 (8th Cir. 2017). . . .

ALARM DETECTION SYSTEMS, INCORPORATED, v. VILLAGE OF SCHAUMBURG, a, 930 F.3d 812 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Dist. , No. 18-2926, 929 F.3d 865, 2019 WL 3071741 (7th Cir. 2019), which concerns a similar market and . . . Coulter , 865 F.3d 339, 345 (6th Cir. 2017) (holding that a Contracts Clause claim cannot be brought . . .

GREEN, v. KENNEWAY,, 390 F. Supp. 3d 275 (D. Mass. 2019)

. . . Henry , 513 U.S. 364, 365, 115 S.Ct. 887, 130 L.Ed.2d 865 (1995) (per curiam). . . .

INC. v. INTERNATIONAL GAME TECHNOLOGY, IGT, DOUBLEDOWN INTERACTIVE LLC,, 391 F. Supp. 3d 828 (N.D. Ill. 2019)

. . . City of Evanston , 865 F.3d 861, 868 (7th Cir. 2017) (internal quotation marks omitted). 1. . . .

STARR INDEMNITY LIABILITY COMPANY, v. BRIGHTSTAR CORP., 388 F. Supp. 3d 304 (S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . Sanford B., 54 A.D.3d 653, 654, 865 N.Y.S.2d 194 (1st Dep't 2008) ("The parties' course of conduct under . . . See generally Carol B, 54 A.D.3d at 654, 865 N.Y.S.2d 194 ("The parties' course of conduct under a contract . . .

PRIME RATE PREMIUM FINANCE CORPORATION, INC. v. E. LARSON, A., 930 F.3d 759 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Hanover Bank & Trust Co. , 339 U.S. 306, 313, 70 S.Ct. 652, 94 L.Ed. 865 (1950). . . .

GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES INSURANCE COMPANY, v. S. NADKARNI,, 391 F. Supp. 3d 917 (N.D. Cal. 2019)

. . . App. 4th 856, 865, 90 Cal.Rptr.2d 721 (1999) ; Street Surfing, LLC v. Great Am. E & S Ins. . . .

UNITED STATES v. SHIPP,, 392 F. Supp. 3d 300 (E.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . King, 563 U.S. 452, 459, 131 S.Ct. 1849, 179 L.Ed.2d 865 (2011). . . .

UNITED STATES v. DANIELS,, 930 F.3d 393 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . King , 563 U.S. 452, 459, 131 S.Ct. 1849, 179 L.Ed.2d 865 (2011) (quoting Brigham City v. . . .

KNIGHT FIRST AMENDMENT INSTITUTE AT COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, Gu, v. J. TRUMP,, 928 F.3d 226 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Playboy Entm't Grp., Inc. , 529 U.S. 803, 812, 120 S.Ct. 1878, 146 L.Ed.2d 865 (2000) ("The distinction . . .

TWUM, v. P. BARR,, 930 F.3d 10 (1st Cir. 2019)

. . . Sessions, 865 F.3d 43, 46 (1st Cir. 2017) ("[G]rave conditions that remain grave do not equate to intensification . . .

UNITED STATES v. WILLIAMS,, 930 F.3d 44 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . King , 563 U.S. 452, 464, 131 S.Ct. 1849, 179 L.Ed.2d 865 (2011) (quoting Whren v. . . .

BLAKE, E. S. T. v. ST. JOHNS RIVER POWER PARK SYSTEM EMPLOYEES RETIREMENT PLAN,, 275 So. 3d 804 (Fla. App. Ct. 2019)

. . . Morrical , 262 So. 3d 865, 868 (Fla. 5th DCA 2019). . . .

ATHENA DIAGNOSTICS, INC. LTD. E. V. v. MAYO COLLABORATIVE SERVICES, LLC,, 927 F.3d 1333 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Patent Office Soc'y 855, 865 (1964) (internal quotations and citations omitted). . . .

MBI ENERGY SERVICES, v. HOCH, a LLC, a, 929 F.3d 506 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Health Plan , 865 F.3d 1207, 1209-10 (9th Cir. 2017) ; Rhea v. Alan Ritchey, Inc. . . .

PARTRIDGE, v. CITY OF BENTON, ARKANSAS, 929 F.3d 562 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Brooks , 865 F.3d 1119, 1126-27 (8th Cir. 2017) (noting it was clearly established in 2013 that shooting . . . See Wealot , 865 F.3d at 1128 (noting the general rule that "for municipal liability to attach, individual . . .

SIERRA CLUB v. J. TRUMP, T. K., 929 F.3d 670 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Guzman-Padilla , 573 F.3d 865, 889 (9th Cir. 2009). . . .

UNITED STATES v. SMITH,, 928 F.3d 1215 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Valenzuela-Bernal , 458 U.S. 858, 865, 102 S.Ct. 3440, 73 L.Ed.2d 1193 (1982) (explaining that human . . .

TEXAS, L. L. C. v. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR,, 929 F.3d 205 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Lester Coggins Trucking, Inc. , 771 F.2d 860, 865-66 (5th Cir. 1985) ("An underlying principle is that . . .

CABAS, v. P. BARR,, 928 F.3d 177 (1st Cir. 2019)

. . . Sessions, 865 F.3d 43, 45 (1st Cir. 2017) ). . . .

TD BANK N. A. v. W. HILL, II,, 928 F.3d 259 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . End Corp., 42 N.Y.2d 865, 397 N.Y.S.2d 778, 366 N.E.2d 866, 867 (1977) ("Although described as a guarantee . . . End Corp. , 42 N.Y.2d 865, 397 N.Y.S.2d 778, 366 N.E.2d 866, 867 (1977) (concluding that an agreement . . .

D. WATSON, v. PEARSON, s, 928 F.3d 507 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . King , 563 U.S. 452, 469, 131 S.Ct. 1849, 179 L.Ed.2d 865 (2011) ). . . .

UNITED STATES v. F. WHITE,, 928 F.3d 734 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . King , 563 U.S. 452, 469, 131 S.Ct. 1849, 179 L.Ed.2d 865 (2011) ). . . .

PROBODANU, v. B. SESSIONS, III,, 387 F. Supp. 3d 1031 (C.D. Cal. 2019)

. . . Ashcroft , 340 F.3d 865, 868 (9th Cir. 2003). . . .

BROWN, v. BROWN,, 275 So. 3d 798 (Fla. App. Ct. 2019)

. . . Murphy, 948 So. 2d 864, 865 (Fla. 5th DCA 2007). . . .

UNITED STATES v. FURLOW,, 928 F.3d 311 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . App'x 863, 865 (4th Cir. 2007) (ruling that conviction under Virginia arson statute, Va. . . .

UNITED STATES v. D. LICKERS,, 928 F.3d 609 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Brown , 188 F.3d 860, 865-66 (7th Cir. 1999) (describing the Terry inquiry as "objective, not subjective . . .

D. FIELDS, v. BOARD OF EDUCATION OF CITY OF CHICAGO P., 928 F.3d 622 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Lake Cty., Ind. , 865 F.3d 526, 533 (7th Cir. 2017) (age discrimination). . . .

A. RUCHO, v. COMMON CAUSE, H. v. O., 139 S. Ct. 2484 (U.S. 2019)

. . . was to 'subordinate adherents of one political party and entrench a rival party in power.' " Id. , at 865 . . .

P. MITCHELL, v. WISCONSIN, 139 S. Ct. 2525 (U.S. 2019)

. . . King , 563 U.S. 452, 459, 131 S.Ct. 1849, 179 L.Ed.2d 865 (2011). . . . King , 563 U.S. 452, 460, 131 S.Ct. 1849, 179 L.Ed.2d 865 (2011) (some internal quotation marks omitted . . .

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, v. NEW YORK,, 139 S. Ct. 2551 (U.S. 2019)

. . . Hodel , 865 F.2d 288, 317 (CADC 1988), and their purpose is to permit Congress to monitor and, if it . . .

FAIELLA, v. FEDERAL NATIONAL MORTGAGE ASSOCIATION,, 928 F.3d 141 (1st Cir. 2019)

. . . Supp. 3d 865, 869 (D. . . . Supp. 3d 865, 869 (D. Or. 2017) ; Cannon v. Wells Fargo Bank N.A., 917 F. Supp. 2d 1025, 1035 (N.D. . . .

ZUCKERMAN, v. METROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART,, 928 F.3d 186 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Sotheby's Inc. , 8 N.Y.3d 809, 834 N.Y.S.2d 90, 865 N.E.2d 1257 (2007). . . .

J. K. J. M. J. J. v. POLK COUNTY L., 928 F.3d 576 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . City of Chicago , 865 F.2d 827 (7th Cir.1989), in which our court affirmed the district court's award . . . See Cygnar , 865 F.2d at 848. . . .

FLORIDA HOLDING LLC, v. LAUDERHILL LENDING, LLC LLC,, 275 So. 3d 183 (Fla. App. Ct. 2019)

. . . Mellon , 241 So. 3d 865, 867 (Fla. 4th DCA 2017) (alteration in original) (quoting Home Outlet, LLC v . . .

KANE COUNTY, UTAH, v. UNITED STATES, 928 F.3d 877 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Hickenlooper , 859 F.3d 865, 913 (10th Cir. 2017) ; see also Town of Chester v. . . . Hickenlooper , 859 F.3d 865, 913 (10th Cir. 2017), for the proposition that "any party" seeking to intervene . . .