The 2023 Florida Statutes (including Special Session C)

Title V
JUDICIAL BRANCH

Chapter 43
COURTS: GENERAL PROVISIONS

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CHAPTER 43

COURTS: GENERAL PROVISIONS

43.16 Justice Administrative Commission; membership, powers and duties.

43.18 Money paid into court; withdrawal.

43.20 Judicial Qualifications Commission.

43.26 Chief judge of circuit; selection; powers.

43.27 Office hours of clerks of court.

43.291 Judicial nominating commissions.

43.30 Divisions of court.

43.41 Report of judicial disposition.

43.42 Judicial acts authorized on all days, including Sundays and holidays.

43.43 Terms of courts.

43.44 Mandate of an appeals court.

43.51 Problem-solving court reports.

43.16 Justice Administrative Commission; membership, powers and duties.—

(1) There is hereby created a Justice Administrative Commission, with headquarters located in the state capital. The necessary office space for use of the commission shall be furnished by the proper state agency in charge of state buildings. For purposes of the fees imposed on agencies pursuant to s. 287.057(24), the Justice Administrative Commission shall be exempt from such fees.

(2) Members of the Justice Administrative Commission shall serve for a period of 2 years, with the terms of each dating from July 1, 1985, except that initially, one state attorney member and one public defender member shall each serve a 1-year term. Members shall be selected in the following manner:

(a) Two state attorneys, to be appointed by the president of the Florida Prosecuting Attorneys Association.

(b) Two public defenders, to be appointed by the president of the Florida Public Defender Association.

(3) The members of the Justice Administrative Commission are authorized to perform necessary travel incident to official business of the commission and shall be reimbursed therefor in accordance with the provisions of s. 112.061.

(4)(a) The Justice Administrative Commission shall employ an executive director and fix his or her salary. The executive director shall employ any necessary personnel for the efficient performance of the commission according to a classification and pay plan annually approved by the commission.

(b) All employees of or within the commission are exempt from the Career Service System provided in chapter 110 and, notwithstanding s. 110.205(5), are not included in the Senior Management Service or the Selected Exempt Service. The commission shall annually approve a classification plan and salary and benefits plan.

(c) Employees in permanent positions must be offered benefits comparable to those offered under the Career Service System.

(d) The commission may offer benefits in excess of those offered under the Career Service System only to employees who are appointed to positions designated as having managerial or policymaking duties or positions requiring membership in The Florida Bar.

(e) By January 15 of each year, the commission shall submit to the Executive Office of the Governor, the President of the Senate, and the Speaker of the House of Representatives a listing of all positions receiving benefits greater than those benefits offered under the Career Service System. Any change in the positions that are offered greater benefits or any change in the level of benefits is subject to the notice and objection procedures of s. 216.177.

(5) The duties of the commission shall include, but not be limited to, the following:

(a) The maintenance of a central state office for administrative services and assistance when possible to and on behalf of the state attorneys and public defenders of Florida, the capital collateral regional counsel of Florida, the criminal conflict and civil regional counsel, and the Guardian Ad Litem Program.

(b) Each state attorney, public defender, and criminal conflict and civil regional counsel and the Guardian Ad Litem Program shall continue to prepare necessary budgets, vouchers that represent valid claims for reimbursement by the state for authorized expenses, and other things incidental to the proper administrative operation of the office, such as revenue transmittals to the Chief Financial Officer and automated systems plans, but will forward such items to the commission for recording and submission to the proper state officer. However, when requested by a state attorney, a public defender, a criminal conflict and civil regional counsel, or the Guardian Ad Litem Program, the commission will either assist in the preparation of budget requests, voucher schedules, and other forms and reports or accomplish the entire project involved.

(6) The commission, each state attorney, each public defender, the criminal conflict and civil regional counsel, the capital collateral regional counsel, and the Guardian Ad Litem Program shall establish and maintain internal controls designed to:

(a) Prevent and detect fraud, waste, and abuse as defined in s. 11.45(1).

(b) Promote and encourage compliance with applicable laws, rules, contracts, grant agreements, and best practices.

(d) Ensure reliability of financial records and reports.

(e) Safeguard assets.

(7) The provisions contained in this section shall be supplemental to those of chapter 27, relating to state attorneys, public defenders, criminal conflict and civil regional counsel, and capital collateral regional counsel; to those of chapter 39, relating to the Guardian Ad Litem Program; or to other laws pertaining hereto.

(8) Chapter 120 does not apply to the Justice Administrative Commission.

History.—ss. 1-6, ch. 65-328; s. 1, ch. 78-174; s. 1, ch. 85-46; s. 4, ch. 85-332; s. 259, ch. 95-147; s. 98, ch. 2003-261; s. 64, ch. 2003-402; s. 42, ch. 2004-265; s. 29, ch. 2005-236; s. 7, ch. 2006-1; s. 2, ch. 2006-18; s. 22, ch. 2006-79; s. 23, ch. 2007-62; s. 8, ch. 2009-204; s. 4, ch. 2010-151; s. 10, ch. 2013-44; s. 5, ch. 2019-15; s. 8, ch. 2021-225.

43.18 Money paid into court; withdrawal.—No moneys deposited as provided in ¹s. 43.17, shall be withdrawn except on the voucher or check signed by the clerk of the court if the court has an authorized clerk and if not, by the judge. Every voucher or check shall state the cause in or on account of which it is drawn.

History.—s. 2, ch. 15996, 1933; CGL 1936 Supp. 4355(2); s. 1, ch. 29655, 1955; s. 44, ch. 67-254.

¹Note.—Repealed by s. 2, ch. 73-282.

Note.—Former s. 54.05.

43.20 Judicial Qualifications Commission.—

(1) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this section is to implement s. 12(b), Art. V of the State Constitution which provides for a Judicial Qualifications Commission.

(2) MEMBERSHIP; TERMS.—The commission shall consist of 15 members. The members of the commission shall serve for terms of 6 years.

(3) VACANCIES.—An appointment to fill a vacancy shall be for the remainder of the term.

(4) SELECTION OF MEMBERS BY DISTRICT COURTS OF APPEAL JUDGES, CIRCUIT COURT JUDGES, COUNTY COURT JUDGES AND BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FLORIDA BAR.—The members appointed by the judges of the district courts of appeal, the circuit judges, the county court judges, and the Board of Governors of The Florida Bar shall be selected by not less than a majority of the membership of the respective appointing groups.

(5) EXPENSES.—The compensation of members and referees shall be the travel expense or transportation and per diem allowance provided by s. 112.061.

History.—ss. 1, 2, 3, 4, ch. 67-163; s. 1, ch. 73-306; s. 34, ch. 81-259; s. 16, ch. 2014-182.

43.26 Chief judge of circuit; selection; powers.—

(1) The chief judge of each judicial circuit, who shall be a circuit judge, shall exercise administrative supervision over all the trial courts within the judicial circuit and over the judges and other officers of such courts.

(2) The chief judge of the circuit shall have the power:

(a) To assign judges to any division of the court and to determine the length of the assignment;

(b) To regulate use of courtrooms;

(d) To require attendance of state attorneys, public defenders, clerks, bailiffs, and all other officers of the court; and

(e) To do everything necessary to promote the prompt and efficient administration of justice in the courts over which he or she is chief judge.

(f) To delegate to the trial court administrator, by administrative order, the authority to bind the circuit in contract.

(g) To manage, operate, and oversee the jury system as provided in s. 40.001.

(3) The chief judge shall be responsible to the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court for such information as may be required by the Chief Justice, including, but not limited to, caseload, status of dockets, and disposition of cases in the courts over which he or she presides.

(4) Failure of any judge, clerk, prosecutor, public defender, or other officer of the court to comply with an order or directive of the chief judge under this section shall constitute neglect of duty for which such officer may be suspended from office as provided by law.

(5) There may be a trial court administrator who shall perform such duties as the chief judge may direct.

(6) The chief judge of each circuit is charged by s. 2(d), Art. V of the State Constitution and this section with the authority to promote the prompt and efficient administration of justice in the courts over which he or she is chief judge. The clerks of court provide court-related functions which are essential to the orderly operation of the judicial branch. The chief judge of each circuit, after consultation with the clerk of court, shall determine the priority of services provided by the clerk of court to the trial court. The clerk of court shall manage the performance of such services in a method or manner that is consistent with statute, rule, or administrative order.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-214; s. 1, ch. 77-119; s. 260, ch. 95-147; s. 65, ch. 2003-402; s. 30, ch. 2005-236.

43.27 Office hours of clerks of court.—With the advice and consent of the chief judge of the circuit, the clerks of the courts of the several counties may establish the hours during which the office of clerk may be open to the public. The hours should conform as nearly as possible to the customary weekday hours of business prevailing in the county. The clerk may prescribe that the office be open such additional hours as public needs require. The clerk of court may not close any office of the clerk of court during customary weekday hours without the consent of the chief judge of the circuit.

History.—s. 1, ch. 72-238; s. 261, ch. 95-147; s. 9, ch. 2009-204.

43.291 Judicial nominating commissions.—

(1) Each judicial nominating commission shall be composed of the following members:

(a) Four members of The Florida Bar, appointed by the Governor, who are engaged in the practice of law, each of whom is a resident of the territorial jurisdiction served by the commission to which the member is appointed. The Board of Governors of The Florida Bar shall submit to the Governor three recommended nominees for each position. The Governor shall select the appointee from the list of nominees recommended for that position, but the Governor may reject all of the nominees recommended for a position and request that the Board of Governors submit a new list of three different recommended nominees for that position who have not been previously recommended by the Board of Governors.

(b) Five members appointed by the Governor, each of whom is a resident of the territorial jurisdiction served by the commission to which the member is appointed, of which at least two are members of The Florida Bar engaged in the practice of law.

(2) A justice or judge may not be a member of a judicial nominating commission. A member of a judicial nominating commission may hold public office other than judicial office. A member of a judicial nominating commission is not eligible for appointment, during his or her term of office and for a period of 2 years thereafter, to any state judicial office for which that commission has the authority to make nominations. All acts of a judicial nominating commission must be made with a concurrence of a majority of its members.

(3) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, each current member of a judicial nominating commission appointed directly by the Board of Governors of The Florida Bar shall serve the remainder of his or her term, unless removed for cause. The terms of all other members of a judicial nominating commission are hereby terminated, and the Governor shall appoint new members to each judicial nominating commission in the following manner:

(a) Two appointments for terms ending July 1, 2002, one of which shall be an appointment selected from nominations submitted by the Board of Governors of The Florida Bar pursuant to paragraph (1)(a);

(b) Two appointments for terms ending July 1, 2003; and

Every subsequent appointment, except an appointment to fill a vacant, unexpired term, shall be for 4 years. Each expired term or vacancy shall be filled by appointment in the same manner as the member whose position is being filled.

(4) In making an appointment, the Governor shall seek to ensure that, to the extent possible, the membership of the commission reflects the racial, ethnic, and gender diversity, as well as the geographic distribution, of the population within the territorial jurisdiction of the court for which nominations will be considered. The Governor shall also consider the adequacy of representation of each county within the judicial circuit.

(5) A member of a judicial nominating commission may be suspended for cause by the Governor pursuant to uniform rules of procedure established by the Executive Office of the Governor consistent with s. 7, Art. IV of the State Constitution.

(6) A quorum of the judicial nominating commission is necessary to take any action or transact any business. For purposes of this section, a quorum consists of a majority of commission members currently appointed.

(7) The Executive Office of the Governor shall provide all administrative support for each judicial nominating commission.

History.—s. 1, ch. 2001-282; s. 3, ch. 2013-18.

43.30 Divisions of court.—All courts except the Supreme Court may sit in divisions as may be established by local rule approved by the Supreme Court.

History.—s. 25, ch. 72-404.

43.41 Report of judicial disposition.—Within 10 days after final judicial disposition of each traffic violation, including parking on a roadway outside the limits of a municipality, or other offense reported on the uniform traffic citation, as prescribed by s. 316.650, the clerk of the court in which the case was tried shall report the judicial disposition of such case to the Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles on a copy of the uniform traffic citation, which form shall be consistent with the Florida Traffic Court rules. The clerks of the courts may submit judicial disposition data to the department in an automated fashion, in a form prescribed by the department, which form shall be consistent with the Florida Traffic Court rules and procedures established by the department. Those courts submitting data in an automated fashion will submit a copy of the uniform traffic citation in a manner prescribed by the department.

History.—s. 1, ch. 74-335; s. 1, ch. 79-99.

43.42 Judicial acts authorized on all days, including Sundays and holidays.—Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, any judicial act may be taken or performed on any day of the week, including Sundays and holidays.

History.—s. 147, ch. 2003-402.

43.43 Terms of courts.—The Supreme Court may establish terms of court for the Supreme Court, the district courts of appeal, and the circuit courts; may authorize district courts of appeal and circuit courts to establish their own terms of court; or may dispense with terms of court.

History.—s. 9, ch. 2013-25.

43.44 Mandate of an appeals court.—An appellate court may, as the circumstances and justice of the case may require, reconsider, revise, reform, or modify its own opinions and orders for the purpose of making the same accord with law and justice. Accordingly, an appellate court may recall its own mandate for the purpose of allowing it to exercise such jurisdiction and power in a proper case. A mandate may not be recalled more than 120 days after it has been issued.

History.—s. 10, ch. 2013-25.

43.51 Problem-solving court reports.—

(1) The Office of the State Courts Administrator shall provide an annual report to the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives which details the number of participants in each problem-solving court for each fiscal year the court has been operating and the types of services provided, identifies each source of funding for each court during each fiscal year, and provides information on the performance of each court based upon outcome measures established by the courts.

(2) For purposes of this section, the term “problem-solving court” includes, but is not limited to, a drug court pursuant to s. 397.334, s. 948.01, s. 948.06, s. 948.08, s. 948.16, or s. 948.20; a veterans treatment court program pursuant to s. 394.47891, s. 948.08, s. 948.16, or s. 948.21; a mental health court program pursuant to s. 394.47892, s. 948.01, s. 948.06, s. 948.08, or s. 948.16; a community court pursuant to s. 948.081; or a delinquency pretrial intervention court program pursuant to s. 985.345.

History.—s. 3, ch. 2019-167; s. 2, ch. 2021-240.

F.S. 43 on Google Scholar

F.S. 43 on Casetext

Amendments to 43

Arrestable Offenses / Crimes under Fla. Stat. 43

Level: Degree
Misdemeanor/Felony: First/Second/Third

S250.43 - FRAUD-IMPERSON - RENUMBERED. SEE REC # 9702 - M: F

S250.43 1 - FRAUD-IMPERSON - WEAR UNIFORM INSIGNIA FL NATIONAL GUARD - M: F

S250.43 2 - FRAUD-IMPERSON - WEAR MILITARY UNIFORM - M: F

S327.43 - RESIST OFFICER - REPEALED 2003-143 - M: S

S327.43 3 - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - REPEALED 2003-143 - M: S

S327.43 4 - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - REPEALED 2003-143 - M: S

S531.43 - FRAUD - MISREPRESENT QUANTITY FOR SALE 1ST OFF - M: S

S531.43 - FRAUD - MISREPRESENT QUANTITY FOR SALE SUBSQ OFF - M: F

S569.43 1 - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - FAIL TO POST SIGN ABOUT UNDERAGE NICOTINE SALE - M: S

S876.43 - TRESPASSING - ENTRY ON PROPERTY UNLAWFULLY - M: S

S934.43 - OBSTRUCT - INFORMATION SOUGHT BY WARRANT SUBPOENA ORDER - F: T

Annotations, Discussions, Cases:

Cases from cite.case.law:

CALVARY CHAPEL DAYTON VALLEY v. SISOLAK,, 140 S. Ct. 2603 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Visitors to Las Vegas who gamble do so for more than two hours per day on average, id. , at 43, and gamblers . . .

P. BARR, v. PURKEY, 140 S. Ct. 2594 (U.S. 2020)

. . . No. 18, p. 43. . . .

RAYSOR, v. DESANTIS,, 140 S. Ct. 2600 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Id. , at ----, 2020 WL 2618062, *43. . . . At the State's suggestion, id. , at ----, 2020 WL 2618062, *42-*43, the District Court required the Secretary . . . Supp. 3d, at ----, 2020 WL 2618062, *42-*43. . . .

J. TRUMP, v. MAZARS USA, LLP, J. v. AG,, 140 S. Ct. 2019 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Id. , at 39-43; see generally Vance, ante , --- U.S. at ---- - ----, 140 S.Ct. at 2421 - 2422. . . . Rumely , 345 U.S. 41, 43, 73 S.Ct. 543, 97 L.Ed. 770 (1953) (internal quotation marks omitted). . . . Association of American Railroads , 575 U.S. 43, 74, 135 S.Ct. 1225, 191 L.Ed.2d 153 (2015) (opinion . . .

J. TRUMP, v. R. VANCE, Jr., 140 S. Ct. 2412 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Brief for Respondent Vance 43. . . . Pursue, Ltd. , 420 U.S. 592, 611, 95 S.Ct. 1200, 43 L.Ed.2d 482 (1975). . . . against a President for official acts through issuance of a subpoena, Brief for Respondent Vance 15, 43 . . .

MCGIRT, v. OKLAHOMA, 140 S. Ct. 2452 (U.S. 2020)

. . . District County Court for Tenth Judicial Dist. , 420 U.S. 425, 439-440, n. 22, 95 S.Ct. 1082, 43 L.Ed . . . Act of May 24, 1924, ch. 181, 43 Stat. 139; see, e.g., United States v. . . . Brief for Respondent 43. Here, at least, the State is finally rejoined by the dissent. . . . District County Court for Tenth Judicial Dist. , 420 U.S. 425, 444, 95 S.Ct. 1082, 43 L.Ed.2d 300 (1975 . . . See Brief for Respondent 43; Murphy v. Royal , 875 F.3d 896, 965 (C.A.10 2017). . . .

LITTLE SISTERS OF THE POOR SAINTS PETER AND PAUL HOME, v. PENNSYLVANIA, J. v., 140 S. Ct. 2367 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Co. , 463 U.S. 29, 43, 103 S.Ct. 2856, 77 L.Ed.2d 443 (1983) (internal quotation marks omitted). . . . Co. , 463 U.S. 29, 43, 103 S.Ct. 2856, 77 L.Ed.2d 443 (1983) (internal quotation marks omitted). . . . State Farm , 463 U.S. at 43, 103 S.Ct. 2856. . . . See State Farm , 463 U.S. at 43, 103 S.Ct. 2856. . . . See also Tr. of Oral Arg. 29, 42-43 (Little Sisters have "no objection to objecting"); ante , at 2390 . . .

P. BARR, v. AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF POLITICAL CONSULTANTS, INC., 140 S. Ct. 2335 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Gilleo , 512 U.S. 43, 51-53, 114 S.Ct. 2038, 129 L.Ed.2d 36 (1994) (explaining that an appropriate "solution . . . Gilleo , 512 U.S. 43, 52, 114 S.Ct. 2038, 129 L.Ed.2d 36 (1994). . . . Mellon , 262 U.S. 447, 488, 43 S.Ct. 597, 67 L.Ed. 1078 (1923). . . . Gilleo , 512 U.S. 43, 52, 114 S.Ct. 2038, 129 L.Ed.2d 36 (1994). . . .

ESPINOZA, v. MONTANA DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE,, 140 S. Ct. 2246 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Gilleo , 512 U.S. 43, 60, 114 S.Ct. 2038, 129 L.Ed.2d 36 (1994) (O'Connor, J., concurring), thus tending . . .

UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE, v. BOOKING. COM B. V., 140 S. Ct. 2298 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Brief for Petitioners 43-44; Brief for Respondent 2; see Bayer Co. v. . . . See also id. , at 42-43, 55. . . . Id. , at 43. . . .

JUNE MEDICAL SERVICES L. L. C. v. RUSSO, v. LLC., 140 S. Ct. 2103 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Id. , at 43. . . . Id ., at 43-44. . . . Id., at 43-44. . . . See App. 43-44. . . . Mellon , 262 U.S. 447, 480, 43 S.Ct. 597, 67 L.Ed. 1078 (1923). . . . S. ----, ----, 138 S.Ct. 2448, 201 L.Ed.2d 924 (2018) (slip op., at 43); United States v. . . .

SEILA LAW LLC, v. CONSUMER FINANCIAL PROTECTION BUREAU, 140 S. Ct. 2183 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Tr. of Oral Arg. 42-43, 45-46. That contention, however, is foreclosed by United States v. . . . See Brief for Petitioner 43-44 (collecting examples). . . . Mellon , 262 U.S. 447, 488, 43 S.Ct. 597, 67 L.Ed. 1078 (1923) ; see Marbury v. . . . Association of American Railroads , 575 U.S. 43, 67, 135 S.Ct. 1225, 191 L.Ed.2d 153 (2015) (THOMAS, . . . Mellon , 262 U.S. 447, 488, 43 S.Ct. 597, 67 L.Ed. 1078 (1923). . . .

DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, v. THURAISSIGIAM, 140 S. Ct. 1959 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Dept. of Homeland Security, Office of Immigration Statistics, 2018 Yearbook of Immigration Statistics 43 . . .

DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, v. REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, J. v., 140 S. Ct. 1891 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Co. , 463 U.S. 29, 43, 103 S.Ct. 2856, 77 L.Ed.2d 443 (1983). . . . State Farm , 463 U.S. at 43, 103 S.Ct. 2856. . . . Co. , 463 U.S. 29, 43, 103 S.Ct. 2856, 77 L.Ed.2d 443 (1983) (internal quotation marks omitted). . . . Association of American Railroads , 575 U.S. 43, 77, 135 S.Ct. 1225, 191 L.Ed.2d 153 (2015) (THOMAS, . . .

BOSTOCK, v. CLAYTON COUNTY, GEORGIA v. Jr. Co- R. G. G. R. v., 140 S. Ct. 1731 (U.S. 2020)

. . . . § 12832 (Investment in Affordable Housing; Nondiscrimination) • 43 U.S.C. § 1747(10) (Loans to States . . . and Political Subdivisions; Discrimination Prohibited) • 43 U.S.C. § 1863 (Outer Continental Shelf Resource . . .

UNITED STATES FOREST SERVICE, v. COWPASTURE RIVER PRESERVATION ASSOCIATION LLC, v., 140 S. Ct. 1837 (U.S. 2020)

. . . United States Trust Co. , 172 U.S. 171, 19 S.Ct. 128, 43 L.Ed. 407 (1898), for instance, the Court interpreted . . . United States Trust Co. , 172 U.S. 171, 181-182, 19 S.Ct. 128, 43 L.Ed. 407 (1898) (discussing these . . .

FINANCIAL OVERSIGHT AND MANAGEMENT BOARD FOR PUERTO RICO, v. AURELIUS INVESTMENT, LLC, LLC, III v. LLC, v. LLC, n De De La El Y v., 140 S. Ct. 1649 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Association of American Railroads , 575 U.S. 43, 67-88, 135 S.Ct. 1225, 191 L.Ed.2d 153 (2015) (THOMAS . . .

KELLY, v. UNITED STATES, 140 S. Ct. 1565 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Brief for United States 43. . . . See id., at 43-44. . . .

MAINE COMMUNITY HEALTH OPTIONS, v. UNITED STATES v. v. v., 140 S. Ct. 1308 (U.S. 2020)

. . . . §§ 290bb-38, 295h, 618, 5318a, 15093 ; 43 U.S.C. §§ 1356a, 1619 ; 46 U.S.C. § 53106 ; 50 U.S.C. § 4114 . . .

GEORGIA, v. PUBLIC. RESOURCE. ORG, INC., 140 S. Ct. 1498 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Mellon , 262 U.S. 447, 488, 43 S.Ct. 597, 67 L.Ed. 1078 (1923), and sometimes making the applicable law . . . Mellon , 262 U.S. at 488, 43 S.Ct. 597 ; see Patchak v. . . . Burson , 54 Ohio St. 470, 485, 43 N.E. 1000, 1003 (1896) ("reluctantly overrul[ing] the second syllabus . . .

NEW YORK STATE RIFLE PISTOL ASSOCIATION, INC. v. CITY OF NEW YORK, NEW YORK,, 140 S. Ct. 1525 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Arizona , 520 U.S. 43, 71, 117 S.Ct. 1055, 137 L.Ed.2d 170 (1997). . . . No. 43, p. 1; Plaintiffs' Memo, at 32; and Plaintiffs' Reply Memorandum, Doc. . . .

BARTON, v. P. BARR,, 140 S. Ct. 1442 (U.S. 2020)

. . . . §§ 1101(a)(43)(A)-(U). . . .

COUNTY OF MAUI, HAWAII, v. HAWAII WILDLIFE FUND,, 140 S. Ct. 1462 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Association of American Railroads , 575 U.S. 43, 67-87, 135 S.Ct. 1225, 191 L.Ed.2d 153 (2015) (THOMAS . . .

ROMAG FASTENERS, INC. v. FOSSIL, INC., 140 S. Ct. 1492 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Siegel-Cooper Co. , 179 U.S. 42, 42-43, 21 S.Ct. 16, 45 L.Ed. 77 (1900) (holding that one defendant " . . .

THRYV, INC. v. CLICK- TO- CALL TECHNOLOGIES, LP,, 140 S. Ct. 1367 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Catholic Social Services, Inc. , 509 U.S. 43, 64, 113 S.Ct. 2485, 125 L.Ed.2d 38 (1993) (internal quotation . . .

RAMOS, v. LOUISIANA, 140 S. Ct. 1390 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Rev. 1, 3, 43-51 (2016) ; Mooney, Remembering 1857, 87 Ore. L. Rev. 731, 778, n. 174 (2008). . . . Miller , 2010-718, pp. 42-43 (La.App.5Cir. 12/28/11), 83 So.3d 178, 204, writ denied, 2012-0282 (La. . . .

CITGO ASPHALT REFINING COMPANY, v. FRESCATI SHIPPING COMPANY, LTD., 140 S. Ct. 1081 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Lorraine Corp. , 633 F.2d 34, 43 (CA7 1980) ("Whether a seller affirmed a fact or made a promise amounting . . .

K. KAHLER, v. KANSAS, 140 S. Ct. 1021 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Egelhoff , 518 U.S. 37, 43, 116 S.Ct. 2013, 135 L.Ed.2d 361 (1996) (plurality opinion). . . . Marler , 2 Ala. 43, 49 (1841) ("If the prisoner was insane, he was not an accountable being"); Cornwell . . . Egelhoff , 518 U.S. 37, 43, 116 S.Ct. 2013, 135 L.Ed.2d 361 (1996) (plurality opinion). . . . Carpio , 43 A.3d 1, 12, n. 10 (R. I. 2012) (internal quotation marks omitted). . . .

GUERRERO- LASPRILLA, v. P. BARR, v. P., 140 S. Ct. 1062 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Catholic Social Services, Inc. , 509 U.S. 43, 64, 113 S.Ct. 2485, 125 L.Ed.2d 38 (1993) (quoting Abbott . . .

L. ALLEN, v. A. COOPER, III,, 140 S. Ct. 994 (U.S. 2020)

. . . See 102 Stat. 433, 43 U.S.C. § 2105(c) ; N.C. Gen. Stat. Ann. § 121-22 (2019). . . .

KANSAS, v. GARCIA v. v., 140 S. Ct. 791 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Bica , 424 U.S. 351, 353, 96 S.Ct. 933, 47 L.Ed.2d 43 (1976). . . .

SHULAR, v. UNITED STATES, 140 S. Ct. 779 (U.S. 2020)

. . . . § 1101(a)(43)(A) ). . . . convictions for "an offense that ... involves fraud or deceit" with a loss exceeding $10,000. § 1101(a)(43 . . .

MONASKY, v. TAGLIERI, 140 S. Ct. 719 (U.S. 2020)

. . . C.R. 398, 421, ¶43, 424 D. L. R. (4th) 391, 410, ¶43 (Can.); A v. A , [2014] A. . . . R., at 421, 423-430, ¶¶43, 48-71, 424 D. L. . . . R. (4th), at 410-417, ¶¶43, 48-71 (adopting an approach to habitual residence under which "[t]he judge . . . Abbott , 560 U.S. at 43, 130 S.Ct. 1983 (Stevens, J., dissenting); see also Olympic Airways , 540 U.S . . .

L. BALDWIN, Et Ux. v. UNITED STATES, 140 S. Ct. 690 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Association of American Railroads , 575 U.S. 43, 74, 135 S.Ct. 1225, 191 L.Ed.2d 153 (2015) (THOMAS, . . .

RITZEN GROUP, INC. v. JACKSON MASONRY, LLC, 140 S. Ct. 582 (U.S. 2020)

. . . case embraces "an aggregation of individual controversies." 1 Collier on Bankruptcy ¶5.08[1][b], p. 5-43 . . .

POWER ANALYTICS CORPORATION, v. OPERATION TECHNOLOGY, INC., 140 S. Ct. 910 (U.S. 2020)

. . . No. 19-43 Supreme Court of the United States. . . .

C. ROTKISKE, v. KLEMM,, 140 S. Ct. 355 (U.S. 2019)

. . . United States , 535 U.S. 43, 49-50, 122 S.Ct. 1036, 152 L.Ed.2d 79 (2002). . . .

R. ISOM v. ARKANSAS, 140 S. Ct. 342 (U.S. 2019)

. . . Larkin , 421 U.S. 35, 47, 95 S.Ct. 1456, 43 L.Ed.2d 712 (1975) ). . . .

NATIONAL REVIEW, INC. v. E. MANN v. E., 140 S. Ct. 344 (U.S. 2019)

. . . Cohn , 420 U.S. 469, 485, 95 S.Ct. 1029, 43 L.Ed.2d 328 (1975) (observing that "there should be no trial . . . Cohn , 420 U.S. 469, 95 S.Ct. 1029, 43 L.Ed.2d 328 (1975). . . .

M. LIPSCHULTZ, v. CHARTER ADVANCED SERVICES MN LLC,, 140 S. Ct. 6 (U.S. 2019)

. . . S. 43, 86, 135 S.Ct. 1225, 191 L.Ed.2d 153 (2015) (THOMAS, J., concurring in judgment) ("The Government . . .

ELHADY, v. H. KABLE,, 391 F. Supp. 3d 562 (E.D. Va. 2019)

. . . No. 299 at 43]. . . . Id. at 43, 45-47; see, e.g., Beydoun v. . . . MSJ Ex. 20 at 33, 43-44, 67 (El-Shwehdi); Pls.' MSJ Ex. 7 at 68-69 (Hakmeh). . . .

V. CASSIDY, v. HALYARD HEALTH, INC., 391 F. Supp. 3d 474 (E.D. Pa. 2019)

. . . . ¶¶ 137-43. Id. ¶¶ 151-159. . . .

ALLERGAN SALES, LLC, v. SANDOZ, INC., 935 F.3d 1370 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Id . col. 2 ll. 40-43. . . .

REYNA, v. P. BARR,, 935 F.3d 630 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Attorney General Barr is substituted for his predecessor under Federal Rule of Appellate Procedure 43 . . .

M. HASAN, M. D. G. v. AIG PROPERTY CASUALTY COMPANY, a, 935 F.3d 1092 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . . § 5274, at 43 (2d ed.). To prove this alleged routine practice, Plaintiffs rely on Dr. . . .

SCHINK, v. COMMISSIONER OF SOCIAL SECURITY,, 935 F.3d 1245 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Fla. 2014); Doc. 1 at ¶ 13; Doc 1-2 at 43-44. . . . Id. at Doc. 1 at ¶ 12; Doc 1-2 at 43. . . .

F. SHARPE, v. UNITED STATES,, 935 F.3d 1352 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Ins. , 463 U.S. 29, 43, 103 S.Ct. 2856, 77 L.Ed.2d 443 (1983) ; then quoting Balt. Gas & Elec. . . .

REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES OF PLANNED PARENTHOOD OF ST. LOUIS REGION, INC. P. D. O. M. S. C. I. F. A. C. O. G, v. L. PARSON,, 389 F. Supp. 3d 631 (W.D. Mo. 2019)

. . . . §§ 9, 22-24, 43. . . .

L. SMITH, v. SHARP,, 935 F.3d 1064 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Pursuant to Federal Rule of Appellate Procedure 43(c)(2), Tommy Sharp, current Interim Warden of Oklahoma . . .

UNITED STATES v. FITZGERALD,, 935 F.3d 814 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . See Johnson , 559 U.S. at 139-43, 130 S.Ct. 1265. . . .

BIRD, v. i DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN SERVICES DHS, R., 935 F.3d 738 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . , 232 F.3d 1008 (9th Cir. 2000) (" Morgan I " ); Kyle Graham, The Continuing Violations Doctrine , 43 . . . continued every day of her employment, including days that fall within the limitation period"); Graham, 43 . . .

EDMO, v. CORIZON, INC. Al v. Al, 935 F.3d 757 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Ramirez is substituted in his official capacity for his predecessor, Howard Keith Yordy, pursuant to Rule 43 . . .

SELECT SPECIALTY HOSPITAL- DENVER, INC. v. M. AZAR II, U. S., 391 F. Supp. 3d 53 (D.D.C. 2019)

. . . Mem. at 12 (citing S1-AR at 549, S2-AR at 1297, H-AR at 541-43). . . . See S1-AR at 677-742; S2-AR at 6249, 6309, 6323; H-AR at 541-43, 555-57, 1087-89. . . . Mem. at 11 (citing S1-AR at 548-49; S2-AR at 1297; H-AR at 541-43). . . .

PEREZ- SANCHEZ, v. U. S. ATTORNEY GENERAL,, 935 F.3d 1148 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Id. at 2113 (citing Chevron, 467 U.S. at 842-43, 104 S. Ct. at 2781 ). . . . Chevron, 467 U.S. at 842-43, 104 S. . . . Ct. 1300, 1305 n.5, 43 L.Ed.2d 591 (1975) ("[S]o long as the court's subject-matter jurisdiction actually . . .

ALMANZA, v. UNITED STATES,, 935 F.3d 1332 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Appellant Br. 43. . . .

CHAMBERLAIN GROUP, INC. v. TECHTRONIC INDUSTRIES CO. OWT ET Co., 935 F.3d 1341 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Acushnet Co. , 576 F.3d 1331, 1342-43 (Fed. Cir. 2009). . . .

GALDERMA LABORATORIES L. P. S. A. S. A. v. TEVA PHARMACEUTICALS USA, INC., 390 F. Supp. 3d 582 (D. Del. 2019)

. . . PX-2 at 28:43-67. . . . (D.I. 228 ¶ 43). 2. . . . PX-2 at 28:43-67. . . .

J. GENZER, v. JAMES RIVER INSURANCE COMPANY,, 934 F.3d 1156 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . See id. at 43 (arguing that Genzer had not been traveling to pick up a passenger or to a passenger's . . . See id. at 43 & n.2. It thus focused its denial on that provision. . . .

DIVERSE POWER, INC. v. CITY OF LAGRANGE, GEORGIA,, 934 F.3d 1270 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Ct. 1003, 1011, 185 L.Ed.2d 43 (2013) (quoting Cmty. Commc'ns Co. v. . . . Ct. 1003, 185 L.Ed.2d 43 (2013). B. . . .

UNITED STATES v. A. ADAMS,, 934 F.3d 720 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . United States , 508 U.S. 36, 43, 113 S.Ct. 1913, 123 L.Ed.2d 598 (1993) (if commentaries such as application . . . Rollins , 836 F.3d 737, 742-43 (7th Cir. 2016), we overruled Raupp 's reliance on the residual clause . . .

B. VANZANT v. HILL S PET NUTRITION, INC., 934 F.3d 730 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Id. 302 Ill.Dec. 1, 848 N.E.2d at 43. . . . Id. 302 Ill.Dec. 1, 848 N.E.2d at 43. . . .

RAWA, A. W. Jr. v. MONSANTO COMPANY, v., 934 F.3d 862 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Arizona , 520 U.S. 43, 64, 117 S.Ct. 1055, 137 L.Ed.2d 170 (1997). . . .

SCRIMO, v. LEE,, 935 F.3d 103 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . used to commit [the] offense and [was] found on the roof of an adjacent building." 26 N.Y.3d 262, 265, 43 . . . Id. at 269, 43 N.E.3d 362. . . .

SECRETARY UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR v. BRISTOL EXCAVATING, INC., 935 F.3d 122 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . United States , 261 U.S. 592, 598, 43 S.Ct. 425, 67 L.Ed. 816 (1923) ("And so an agreement to pay for . . .

WOLFINGTON, v. RECONSTRUCTIVE ORTHOPAEDIC ASSOCIATES II PC, a k a, 935 F.3d 187 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . JA 41, 43. . . .

COLE v. CARSON, v., 935 F.3d 444 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Supp. 3d 628, 642-43 (N.D. Tex. 2014). . . .

BACA v. COLORADO DEPARTMENT OF STATE, G. T. L. M., 935 F.3d 887 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Arizona , 520 U.S. 43, 69, 117 S.Ct. 1055, 137 L.Ed.2d 170 (1997) ; see also Will v. Mich. . . . right of self-government which is beyond the legislative control of the state." 262 U.S. 182, 187, 43 . . . City of Hugo , 656 F.3d at 1255 ; see also City of Trenton , 262 U.S. at 185-86, 43 S.Ct. 534 ("The city . . . City of Trenton , 262 U.S. at 187, 43 S.Ct. 534. . . . Arizona , 520 U.S. 43, 117 S.Ct. 1055, 137 L.Ed.2d 170 (1997), the dissent concludes that because the . . . Dep't's Br. at 43. Conversely, Mr. . . .

BURKE, v. REGALADO, v., 935 F.3d 960 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Br. at 43, and that Dr. Washburn was not aware of Mr. . . .

UNITED STATES v. SHAYOTA, v., 934 F.3d 1049 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Angell , 11 F. 34, 43 (C.C.D. . . .

KEARNEY REGIONAL MEDICAL CENTER, LLC, v. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES M. II,, 934 F.3d 812 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Secretary Azar is substituted for his predecessor under Federal Rule of Appellate Procedure 43(c)(2). . . .

CONILLE v. COUNCIL AMERICAN FEDERATION OF STATE, COUNTY AND MUNICIPAL EMPLOYEES, 935 F.3d 1 (1st Cir. 2019)

. . . Santiago-Colón, 917 F.3d 43, 49 (1st Cir. 2019) (citing Espinal-Domínguez v. . . .

ANZA TECHNOLOGY, INC. v. MUSHKIN, INC., 934 F.3d 1359 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Id. at col. 1, ll. 43-61. . . .

MYMAIL, LTD. v. OOVOO, LLC, IAC, 934 F.3d 1373 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . See, e.g. , '863 patent col. 4 ll. 51-55, col. 9 ll. 17-19, col. 11 ll. 25-43, col. 13 ll. 16-19, col . . . instead is functionality "assumed to be part of the access service provider." '863 patent col. 11 ll. 42-43 . . .

UNITED STATES v. WILLIAMS, 934 F.3d 804 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Based on Williams' total offense level of 43 and his criminal history category of I, the Sentencing Guidelines . . . I.N.S ., 43 F.3d 345, 353 (8th Cir. 1994). . . .

SENNE v. KANSAS CITY ROYALS BASEBALL CORP. LLC LLC LP St. LLC LLC LLC LLC L. P. L. P. LLC LLC L. P. AZPB L. P. P LLC LLC LP LLP LLC LLC,, 934 F.3d 918 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Chinese Daily News, Inc. , 737 F.3d 538, 542-43 (9th Cir. 2013) ). . . . Id. , 127 Cal.Rptr.3d 185, 254 P.3d at 241-43. . . . Id. at 1042-43. . . . Id. at 1194-95, 127 Cal.Rptr.3d 185, 254 P.3d at 241-43. . . .

A. CARVELLI, v. OCWEN FINANCIAL CORPORATION, M. R. Jr., 934 F.3d 1307 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . See Matrixx , 563 U.S. at 43-44, 131 S.Ct. 1309 ; TSC Indus. , 426 U.S. at 449, 96 S.Ct. 2126. . . . light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.' " See Matrixx , 563 U.S. at 43 . . .

UNITED STATES v. VALQUIER, 934 F.3d 780 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Gomez-Perez, 452 F.3d 739, 742-43 (8th Cir. 2006) (affirming the denial of safety valve relief where . . .

MENAKER, v. HOFSTRA UNIVERSITY,, 935 F.3d 20 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . . ¶ 43) (internal quotation marks omitted). Id. See 42 U.S.C. § 2000e et seq. , N.Y. Exec. . . . Compl. ¶ 43). . . . Compl. ¶ 43). Id. at 125. Id. at 117. . . .

HAWKINS v. I- TV DIGITALIS TAVKOZLESI ZRT. f k a DMCC Rt. DIGI RCS RDS S. A. RCS S. A. DIGI N. V. v. i- TV f k a DMCC Rt. DIGI RCS RDS S. A. RCS S. A. DIGI N. V., 935 F.3d 211 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Sandberg, Phoenix & von Gontard, P.C. , 385 F.3d 737, 739-43 (7th Cir. 2004). . . .

UNITED STATES v. SCANZANI,, 392 F. Supp. 3d 210 (D. Mass. 2019)

. . . Ribeiro , 397 F.3d 43, 48 (1st Cir. 2005). . . .

PIZZUTO, Jr. v. BLADES,, 933 F.3d 1166 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . with an IQ level of 50-55 to approximately 70," id. at 308 n.3, 122 S.Ct. 2242 (quoting DSM-IV at 42-43 . . .

ROMO, v. P. BARR,, 933 F.3d 1191 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Id. at 842-43, 104 S. Ct. at 2781. . . . We determined that it was not because the definition of aggravated felony, as set forth in § 1101(a)(43 . . . Lynch , 835 F.3d 1066, 1074 (9th Cir. 2016) (internal quotation marks omitted). 467 U.S. at 842-43, 104 . . . Id. at 842-43, 104 S. Ct. at 2781. . . .

SANOFI- AVENTIS U. S. LLC, IP, v. DR. REDDY S LABORATORIES, INC. Dr. s USA, LLC, LLC, LLC,, 933 F.3d 1367 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Id. at 42-43. . . . Decision , slip op. at 43. . . . Id. at 43. . . . Aftab, Rational Design and Pre-Clinical Pharmacology of Drugs for Reversing Multidrug Resistance , 43 . . .

MAMMANA, v. FEDERAL BUREAU OF PRISONS, 934 F.3d 368 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . JA 43. Id. Id. Id. JA 44. Id. Id. Id. Id. Mammana v. Fed. . . .

YOUKHANNA v. CITY OF STERLING HEIGHTS C., 934 F.3d 508 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . R. 69-20 (Rrasi Dep. at 43) (Page ID #2959). Ms. . . .

EFFEX CAPITAL, LLC, v. NATIONAL FUTURES ASSOCIATION,, 933 F.3d 882 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Paul , 373 U.S. 132, 142-43, 83 S.Ct. 1210, 10 L.Ed.2d 248 (1963) ; Kroog v. . . .

KELSAY, v. ERNST,, 933 F.3d 975 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . C, at 43, Kelsay v. Ernst , No. 4:15-cv-3077 (D. Neb. Feb. 2, 2017), ECF No. 53-8. . . .

M. RODEN, v. COMMISSIONER OF SOCIAL SECURITY,, 389 F. Supp. 3d 548 (S.D. Ohio 2019)

. . . PageID 542-43. Dr. . . .

IN RE ASCOT FUND LIMITED, a, 603 B.R. 271 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . Fund's liquidation, the New York Litigation, and the Cayman Proceeding (Exs. 25 at 12; 37, 41, 42, 43 . . .

IRIDESCENT NETWORKS, INC. v. AT T MOBILITY, LLC,, 933 F.3d 1345 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Id. col. 7 l. 43-col. 8 l. 7 (emphasis added). . . . Multi-Protocol Label Switching technology provided "packet quality assurance." '119 patent col. 2 ll. 6-8, 43 . . .

NAUMOVSKI, v. NORRIS, 934 F.3d 200 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . App. 41-43 (citing Quinn v. Green Tree Credit Corp., 159 F.3d 759, 763 (2d Cir. 1998) ). . . .

HILLOCKS, v. ATTORNEY GENERAL UNITED STATES, 934 F.3d 332 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . . § 1101(a)(43)(B), which makes it an aggravated felony to "illicit[ly] traffic[ ] in a controlled substance . . . A felony, to be sure, but not an aggravated felony as defined by 8 U.S.C. § 1101(a)(43). . . .

MARTINEAU, v. WIER, 934 F.3d 385 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . See Wilson , 717 F.3d at 342-43 (treating question of whether debtor or bankruptcy trustee is entitled . . . See Wilson , 717 F.3d at 342-43 (collecting cases). . . .

ODDO, v. BIMBO BAKERIES U. S. A. INC., 391 F. Supp. 3d 466 (E.D. Pa. 2019)

. . . No. 11); 43 P.S. § 333.101, et seq. . . .

IN RE MIAMI METALS I, INC., 603 B.R. 727 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . Winehouse , 190 F.3d 37, 43 (2d Cir. 1999). . . . Supp. 2d 420, 438 (S.D.N.Y. 2012) (citing Gurary , 190 F.3d at 43-44 ("[T]he failure to file such an . . .

ELI LILLY AND COMPANY, v. HOSPIRA, INC. v. Dr. s Dr. s, 933 F.3d 1320 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Id. col. 4 ll. 28-43. . . .

IN RE PEABODY ENERGY CORPORATION Ad v. N. A. LP LP LP LLC FSB, 933 F.3d 918 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . See id. at 441-43, 119 S.Ct. 1411 ; see also 11 U.S.C. § 1129(b)(2)(B)(ii) (stating that in a cramdown . . .

G. BEASLEY v. WARREN UNILUBE, INC., 933 F.3d 932 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Torgerson , 643 F.3d at 1042-43 (stating that "[t]here is no 'discrimination case exception' to the application . . .

UNITED STATES v. NG LAP SENG, Ng, Ng W. C., 934 F.3d 110 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . United States , 444 U.S. 37, 43-46, 100 S.Ct. 311, 62 L.Ed.2d 199 (1979). . . . time of Blackstone to "other person[s] concerned in the administration of justice." 444 U.S. at 42-43 . . . See id. at 43, 100 S.Ct. 311. . . .

IN RE FIFTH AVENUE AND RELATED PROPERTIES, 934 F.3d 147 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . 39 (same); 40 (from a search of the Bank Melli Iran's president's residence prior to December 2008); 43 . . .