The 2023 Florida Statutes (including Special Session C)

Title X
PUBLIC OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES, AND RECORDS

Chapter 116
POWERS AND DUTIES OF OFFICERS

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CHAPTER 116

POWERS AND DUTIES OF OFFICERS

116.01 Payment of public funds into treasury.

116.015 Receipt of counterfeit money in the course of operation of public office.

116.02 Payment of commissions on unremitted funds prohibited; penalty.

116.03 Officers to report fees collected.

116.04 Failure of officer to make sworn report of fees.

116.05 Examination and publication by Department of Financial Services.

116.06 Summary of reports; certain officers not required to report fees.

116.07 Account books to be kept by sheriffs and clerks.

116.08 County commissioners to furnish books.

116.09 Penalty for failure.

116.13 Sale of property by heads of state institutions without permission prohibited.

116.14 Receipts required from purchasers of state property.

116.15 Penalty for violation of ss. 116.13 and 116.14.

116.21 Unclaimed moneys; limitation.

116.22 Definitions; forfeiture of personal property in custody of clerks of various courts.

116.33 Exercise of police power.

116.34 Facsimile signatures.

116.35 Notary public commissions; employees of state and county agencies.

116.36 Notary public commissions; municipal employees.

116.37 Notary public commissions; elected officers.

116.38 Notary fees.

116.01 Payment of public funds into treasury.—

(1) Every state and county officer within this state authorized to collect funds due the state or county shall pay all sums officially received by the officer into the state or county treasury not later than 7 working days from the close of the week in which the officer received the funds. Funds received by the county officer on behalf of the state shall be deposited directly to the account of the State Treasury not later than 7 working days from the close of the week in which the officer received the funds. The clerk of the court, when collecting funds as part of the clerk’s court-related functions, must remit those funds as required under s. 28.245.

(2) No officer shall hereafter be entitled to receive any commission or compensation for collecting said funds when the officer fails or refuses to pay over the same not later than 7 working days from the close of the week in which the officer received the funds.

(3) Nothing herein shall require officers to pay into the state or county treasury those funds which are required by law or court order, or by the purpose for which they are collected, to be held and disbursed for a particular purpose in a manner different from that set forth in subsection (1).

History.—ss. 1, 2, ch. 6205, 1911; RGS 406; CGL 471; s. 1, ch. 76-224; s. 39, ch. 2005-236.

116.015 Receipt of counterfeit money in the course of operation of public office.—Whenever a state or county officer who has unknowingly received into the public funds of his or her office any counterfeit currency discovers that fact, the officer shall furnish a written report of the matter to the appropriate state attorney, including such information as the state attorney may request. The officer shall not be personally liable, but shall be entitled to charge such loss as an expense against any available funds of his or her office, provided the amount of such charge does not exceed the face value of the currency so received.

History.—s. 1, ch. 76-117; s. 741, ch. 95-147.

116.02 Payment of commissions on unremitted funds prohibited; penalty.—It is unlawful for any state or county officer or any board of county officers, required to audit the accounts of officers under the laws of this state, to approve or pay any commissions on funds collected and not paid over as required by s. 116.01 and any officer violating the provisions of this section, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.

History.—s. 3, ch. 6205, 1911; RGS 5328; CGL 7461; s. 66, ch. 71-136.

116.03 Officers to report fees collected.—Each state and county officer who receives all or any part of his or her compensation in fees or commissions, or other remuneration, shall keep a complete report of all fees and commissions, or other remuneration collected, and shall make a report to the Department of Financial Services of all such fees and commissions, or other remuneration, annually on December 31 of each and every year. Such report shall be made upon forms to be prescribed from time to time by the department, and shall show in detail the source, character and amount of all his or her official expenses and the net amount that the office has paid up to the time of making such report. All officers shall make out, fill in and subscribe and properly forward to the department such reports, and swear to the accuracy and competency of such reports.

History.—ss. 1, 2, ch. 6815, 1915; RGS 407; CGL 472; s. 1, ch. 24198, 1947; ss. 12, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 742, ch. 95-147; s. 133, ch. 2003-261.

116.04 Failure of officer to make sworn report of fees.—Any officer who shall fail or refuse to make, subscribe, and swear, or to file with the Department of Financial Services a report of all fees, commissions, or other remuneration collected, as required by law, or if any officer shall knowingly or willfully make false or incomplete reports, or in any report violate any of the provisions of s. 116.03 he or she shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.

History.—s. 2, ch. 6815, 1915; RGS 5356; CGL 7491; ss. 12, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 67, ch. 71-136; s. 743, ch. 95-147; s. 134, ch. 2003-261.

116.05 Examination and publication by Department of Financial Services.—The Department of Financial Services shall have examined and verified any of the reports received under s. 116.03 whenever in its judgment the same may be necessary, and the department shall cause the matter and things in each of said reports to be published one time in a newspaper published in the county in which such report originated, in such form as it shall direct, and the expense of such publication shall be paid by the county commissioners of such county.

History.—s. 3, ch. 6815, 1915; RGS 408; CGL 473; ss. 12, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 135, ch. 2003-261.

116.06 Summary of reports; certain officers not required to report fees.—A summary of all such reports shall be included by the Department of Financial Services in its annual report to the Governor, except that jurors and notaries public shall not be required to make such reports as provided for in s. 116.03.

History.—s. 4, ch. 6815, 1915; RGS 409; CGL 474; ss. 12, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 2, ch. 73-47; s. 136, ch. 2003-261.

116.07 Account books to be kept by sheriffs and clerks.—All sheriffs and clerks of the circuit court and ex officio clerks of the boards of county commissioners of this state shall keep books of account and of record in accordance with s. 218.33.

History.—s. 1, ch. 5176, 1903; GS 814; RGS 410; CGL 475; s. 8, ch. 69-82; s. 32, ch. 2001-266.

116.08 County commissioners to furnish books.—The county commissioners shall furnish the books provided for in s. 116.07.

History.—s. 2, ch. 5176, 1903; GS 815; RGS 411; CGL 476.

116.09 Penalty for failure.—Any officer who shall neglect or refuse to comply with the duties imposed by s. 116.07 shall be subject to suspension from office by the Governor.

History.—s. 4, ch. 5176, 1903; GS 817; RGS 412; CGL 477.

116.13 Sale of property by heads of state institutions without permission prohibited.—The superintendents of state asylums, and the presidents and principals of all state educational institutions are prohibited from selling or otherwise disposing of property belonging to the state, except in cases where they have previously obtained permission from their respective boards of commissioners or trustees.

History.—s. 1, ch. 4181, 1893; GS 3493; RGS 5373; CGL 7507.

116.14 Receipts required from purchasers of state property.—Upon the sale of any state property by the superintendent and presidents of state institutions as provided by law, they shall take receipt for the same from the purchaser, which receipt shall be forwarded, together with the proceeds of the sale, to the Chief Financial Officer.

History.—s. 2, ch. 4181, 1893; GS 3494; RGS 5374; CGL 7508; s. 137, ch. 2003-261.

116.15 Penalty for violation of ss. 116.13 and 116.14.—Any violation of ss. 116.13 and 116.14 shall constitute a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.083.

History.—s. 3, ch. 4181, 1893; GS 3495; RGS 5375; CGL 7509; s. 68, ch. 71-136.

116.21 Unclaimed moneys; limitation.—

(1) The sheriffs and clerks of the courts of the various counties of the state are authorized at their discretion on or before September 25 of each and every year hereafter to pay into the fine and forfeiture fund of their respective counties, or the fine and forfeiture fund created under s. 142.01, any or all unclaimed moneys deposited or collected by them in their official capacity, which unclaimed moneys came into their hands prior to January 1 of the preceding year and for which moneys claim has not been made. Any unclaimed moneys collected or deposited by the clerk of the circuit court in the course of the clerk’s court-related activities may be processed under this chapter; however, the clerk must pay for the cost of publication of the list of unclaimed court-related funds. Any unclaimed court-related funds collected or deposited by the clerk which remain unclaimed must be deposited into the fine and forfeiture fund established under s. 142.01.

(2) The sheriffs and clerks of the various courts of the respective counties may, during the month of July of each year, hereafter make and compile a list of any or all unclaimed moneys which came into their hands as provided in subsection (1) above. Such compilation shall list, in addition to the name of the defendant, the respective amounts of such unclaimed moneys. Such list or compilation shall be published one time during the month of July in a newspaper of general circulation in the county served by such sheriff or clerk, and the notice shall specify that unless such moneys are claimed on or before September 1 after such publication that same shall be declared forfeited to such county. Proof of such publication shall be made by the publisher of such newspaper and shall be filed and recorded in the minutes of the county commissioners of such county.

(3) Persons having or claiming any interest in such funds or any portion of them shall file their written claims with the sheriff or clerk of the court of the county having custody of such funds within the time specified by the notice and shall make sufficient proof to the sheriff or clerk of their ownership and upon so doing shall be entitled to receive any part of the moneys so claimed. For the purposes of this section, any municipality that has a municipal detention facility and that prosecutes through its own municipal prosecutor shall have a claim against any unclaimed moneys collected due to violations of that municipality’s ordinances within the territorial jurisdiction of the county and for which a claim has not been made by the person entitled to such funds. Unless claim is filed within such time as aforesaid, all claims in reference thereto are forever barred.

(4) Except for the cost of publishing the notice for the clerk’s unclaimed court-related moneys, the cost of publishing the notices as required by subsection (2) shall be paid by the county commissioners, and the sheriff or the clerk shall receive as compensation the regular fee allowed by statute for the collection of fines, fees, and costs adjudged to the state upon the amounts remitted to the fine and forfeiture fund. Upon such payment to the fine and forfeiture fund, the sheriff or clerk shall be released and discharged from any and all further responsibility or liability in connection therewith.

History.—ss. 1, 2, 3, 4, ch. 22050, 1943; s. 8, ch. 82-118; s. 744, ch. 95-147; s. 1, ch. 97-56; s. 40, ch. 2005-236.

116.22 Definitions; forfeiture of personal property in custody of clerks of various courts.—In construing this act and each and every section, word, phrase or part thereof, where the context permits, the term “personal property” or “chattels personal” shall include all property of any kind except real estate and anything permanently attached thereto.

History.—s. 1, ch. 61-380.

116.33 Exercise of police power.—It is deemed by the Legislature of the state, that this act is necessary for the more efficient and speedy method of forfeiture of property that is held by the clerks of the circuit court of Florida, and a lawful exercise of the police power of the state for the protection of the public welfare of the people of the state. All the provisions of this act shall be liberally construed for the accomplishment of the purposes herein mentioned. This act is to be considered as cumulative and not an exclusive method of forfeiture.

History.—s. 12, ch. 61-380.

116.34 Facsimile signatures.—

(1) SHORT TITLE.—This act may be cited as the “Uniform Facsimile Signature of Public Officials Act.”

(2) DEFINITIONS.—As used in this section:

(a) “Authorized officer” means any official of this state or any of its departments, agencies, public bodies, or other instrumentalities or any of its political subdivisions whose signature to a public security, instrument of conveyance or instrument of payment is required or permitted.

(b) “Facsimile signature” means a reproduction by engraving, imprinting, stamping, or other means of the manual signature of an authorized officer.

(d) “Instrument of payment” means a check, draft, warrant, or order for the payment, delivery, or transfer of funds.

(e) “Public security” means a bond, note, certificate of indebtedness, or other obligation for the payment of money, issued by this state or by any of its departments, agencies, public bodies, or other instrumentalities or by any of its political subdivisions.

(3) USE OF FACSIMILE SIGNATURE.—Any authorized officer, after filing with the Department of State his or her manual signature certified by him or her under oath, may execute or cause to be executed with a facsimile signature in lieu of a manual signature:

(a) Any public security or instrument of conveyance, provided that at least one signature required or permitted to be placed thereon shall be manually subscribed.

(b) Any instrument of payment.

(c) Any official order, proclamation or resolution; provided, however, that this shall not apply to the signing of legislative bills or veto messages.

Upon compliance with this act by the authorized officer, a facsimile signature has the same legal effect as a manual signature.

(4) METHOD OF USE OF FACSIMILE SEAL.—When the seal of this state or any of its departments, agencies, public bodies, or other instrumentalities or of any of its political subdivisions is required in the execution of a public security or instrument of payment, the authorized officer may cause the seal to be printed, engraved, stamped or otherwise placed in facsimile thereon. The facsimile seal has the same legal effect as the impression of the seal.

(5) VIOLATION AND PENALTY.—Any person who knowingly, without authorization or with intent to defraud, uses on any of the documents referred to in subsection (3), a facsimile signature, or any reproduction of it, of any authorized officer, or any facsimile seal, or any reproduction of it, of this state or any of its departments, agencies, public bodies, or other instrumentalities or of any of its political subdivisions, shall be guilty of a felony of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.

(6) UNIFORMITY OF INTERPRETATION.—This section shall be so construed as to effectuate its general purpose to make uniform the law of states which enact it.

History.—ss. 1-6, ch. 63-441; ss. 10, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 69, ch. 71-136; s. 745, ch. 95-147; s. 42, ch. 2023-8.

116.35 Notary public commissions; employees of state and county agencies.—Each agency, board, commission or department of the state and of the several counties of the state is hereby authorized to pay the cost of securing a notary public commission for any employee of such agency, board, commission or department. Such cost is declared to be an expense of such agency, board, commission or department and shall be expended from the budget thereof. The chief administrative officer of each such agency, board, commission or department shall determine the number of notaries public necessary for the proper administration of such agency, board, commission or department. All fees collected by such notaries public as hereinafter provided shall become fee receipts of the state or the several counties and shall be deposited in the general fund from which the budget of such agency, board, commission or department is allocated.

History.—s. 1, ch. 67-282.

116.36 Notary public commissions; municipal employees.—Each agency, board, commission or department of each of the several municipalities of the state is hereby authorized to pay the cost of securing a notary public commission for any employee of such agency, board, commission or department. Such cost is declared to be an expense of such agency, board, commission or department and shall be expended from the budget thereof. The chief administrative officer of each such agency, board, commission or department shall determine the number of notaries public necessary for the proper administration of such agency, board, commission or department. All fees collected by such notaries public as hereinafter provided shall become fee receipts of such municipality and shall be deposited in the general fund thereof.

History.—s. 2, ch. 67-282.

116.37 Notary public commissions; elected officers.—In all cases where such agency, board, commission or department is under the direction of one or more elected officers such officer or officers may become notaries public in like manner as provided in the case of employees as aforesaid.

History.—s. 3, ch. 67-282.

116.38 Notary fees.—

(1) Except as is hereinafter provided, all such notaries shall collect fees for their services as notaries performed in connection with such agency, board, commission or department at the rates provided for under chapter 117; provided, however, that in any case wherein a certain fee shall be provided by law for such service then in that event such fee as provided by law shall be collected.

(2) No notary fee shall be charged or collected by such notaries in connection with such agency, board, commission or department, in connection with or incidental to the issuance of motor vehicle license tags or titles.

(3) No notary public fees shall be charged by such notaries for notarizing loyalty oaths which are required by law.

(4) The chief administrative officer of any such agency, board, commission or department may, upon determining that such service should be performed as a public service, authorize such service to be performed free of charge.

History.—ss. 4-7, ch. 67-282.

F.S. 116 on Google Scholar

F.S. 116 on Casetext

Amendments to 116

Arrestable Offenses / Crimes under Fla. Stat. 116

Level: Degree
Misdemeanor/Felony: First/Second/Third

S24.116 - LOTTERY-PLAYING - UNLAWFUL PURCHASE OF LOTTERY TICKETS - M: F

S116.02 - EMBEZZLE - UNLAWFUL PAYMENT OF COMMISSIONS - M: F

S116.04 - FRAUD - FALSE REPORT FEES COMMISSIONS REMUNERATION - M: F

S116.04 - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - FAIL TO FILE ETC FEES COMMISSIONS REMUNERATION - M: F

S116.13 - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - SELL STATE PROPERTY WITHOUT PERMISSION - M: S

S116.14 - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - FAIL TO REQUIRE RECEIPTS FROM PURCHASERS - M: S

S116.34 - FORGERY OF - WO AUTHORITY USE FACSIM SIGNATURE OR AG SEAL - F: S

S116.34 - FRAUD-SWINDLE - USE FACSIM SIGNTR OR AG SEAL ETC WIT DEFRAUD - F: S

S457.116 1a - HEALTH-SAFETY - PRACTICE ACUPUNCTURE WO VALID CERTIFICATION - M: S

S457.116 1b - FRAUD-IMPERSON - MISREP SELF AS LIC ACUPUNCTURIST - M: S

S457.116 1c - FRAUD - NOT A LISTED OFF - M: S

S457.116 1c - FRAUD-IMPERSON - USE ACUPUNCTURIST LIC OF ANOTHER - M: S

S457.116 1d - FRAUD - GIVE FALSE EVIDENCE TO BOARD OR MEMBER - M: S

S457.116 1d - FORGERY - GIVE FORGED EVIDENCE TO BOARD OR MEMBER - M: S

S457.116 1e - HEALTH-SAFETY - USE SUSP RVKD INACTIVE DELINQ LICENSE - M: S

S457.116 1f - HEALTH-SAFETY - EMPLOY NON CERTIFIED ACUPUNCTURIST - M: S

S457.116 1g - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - CONCEAL INFO RE ACUPUNCTURIST LIC VIOL - M: S

S593.116 - SMUGGLE CONTRABAND - QUARANTINED REG ARTICLE INTO STATE SUBSQ OFF - F: T

S593.116 - SMUGGLE CONTRABAND - MOVE QUARANTINED REG ARTICLE INTO ST 1ST OFF - M: F

S593.116 - PROPERTY CRIMES - MOVE QUARANTINED REG ARTICLE WI ST SUBSQ OFF - F: T

S593.116 - PROPERTY CRIMES - MOVE QUARANTINED REG ARTICLE WI STATE 1ST OFF - M: F

Annotations, Discussions, Cases:

Cases from cite.case.law:

LITTLE, v. RECLAIM IDAHO,, 140 S. Ct. 2616 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Casey , 518 U.S. 343, 349, 116 S.Ct. 2174, 135 L.Ed.2d 606 (1996). . . .

J. TRUMP, v. MAZARS USA, LLP, J. v. AG,, 140 S. Ct. 2019 (U.S. 2020)

. . . No. 116-40, p. 84 (2019). . . .

OUR LADY OF GUADALUPE SCHOOL, v. MORRISSEY- BERRU St. v., 140 S. Ct. 2049 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Saint Nicholas Cathedral of Russian Orthodox Church in North America , 344 U.S. 94, 116, 73 S.Ct. 143 . . . Hosanna-Tabor , 565 U.S. at 186, 132 S.Ct. 694 (quoting Kedroff , 344 U.S. at 116, 73 S.Ct. 143 ). . . .

P. BARR, v. AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF POLITICAL CONSULTANTS, INC., 140 S. Ct. 2335 (U.S. 2020)

. . . State Crime Victims Bd. , 502 U.S. 105, 116, 112 S.Ct. 501, 116 L.Ed.2d 476 (1991) ; Arkansas Writers . . . Jane L. , 518 U.S. 137, 139, 116 S.Ct. 2068, 135 L.Ed.2d 443 (1996) (per curiam ) ("Severability is of . . .

JUNE MEDICAL SERVICES L. L. C. v. RUSSO, v. LLC., 140 S. Ct. 2103 (U.S. 2020)

. . . United States , 517 U.S. 690, 697, 116 S.Ct. 1657, 134 L.Ed.2d 911 (1996). . . . South Carolina Public Railways Comm'n , 502 U.S. 197, 206-207, 112 S.Ct. 560, 116 L.Ed.2d 560 (1991), . . . Jane L. , 518 U.S. 137, 116 S.Ct. 2068, 135 L.Ed.2d 443 (1996) (per curiam ); Ohio v. . . . Id ., at 351; see id ., at 115-116, 180, 793; La. Rev. Stat. . . .

SEILA LAW LLC, v. CONSUMER FINANCIAL PROTECTION BUREAU, 140 S. Ct. 2183 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Perkins , 116 U.S. 483, 6 S.Ct. 449, 29 L.Ed. 700 (1886), and Morrison v. . . . In Perkins , we upheld tenure protections for a naval cadet-engineer. 116 U.S. at 485, 6 S.Ct. 449. . . . Mortgage Bankers Assn. , 575 U.S. 92, 115-116, 135 S.Ct. 1199, 191 L.Ed.2d 186 (2015) (THOMAS, J., concurring . . . Id. , at 116-117, 47 S.Ct. 21. . . . Perez , 575 U.S., at 116, 135 S.Ct. 1199 (opinion of THOMAS, J.) . . . Perkins , 116 U.S. 483, 484-485, 6 S.Ct. 449, 29 L.Ed. 700 (1886), had a century earlier allowed Congress . . .

DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, v. THURAISSIGIAM, 140 S. Ct. 1959 (U.S. 2020)

. . . .); Ex parte Milligan , 4 Wall. 2, 116, 131, 18 L.Ed. 281 (1866). . . .

C. LIU, v. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION, 140 S. Ct. 1936 (U.S. 2020)

. . . See § 305(b), 116 Stat. 779 (amending the Securities Exchange Act). . . . Cavanagh , 445 F.3d 105, 116, n. 24 (CA2 2006). . . .

KANSAS v. C. BOETTGER v., 140 S. Ct. 1956 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Laws ch. 8, § 116; 1860 Pa. Laws p. 390; 1859 Neb. Laws p. 64; 1850 Cal. Stats. ch. 99, § 110; Mo. . . .

DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, v. REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, J. v., 140 S. Ct. 1891 (U.S. 2020)

. . . who was responsible for "[e]stablishing national immigration enforcement policies and priorities." 116 . . . A. , 517 U.S. 735, 742, 116 S.Ct. 1730, 135 L.Ed.2d 25 (1996). . . .

BOSTOCK, v. CLAYTON COUNTY, GEORGIA v. Jr. Co- R. G. G. R. v., 140 S. Ct. 1731 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Manning, The Absurdity Doctrine, 116 Harv. L. Rev. 2387, 2392-2393 (2003). . . . Virginia , 518 U.S. 515, 531-533, 116 S.Ct. 2264, 135 L.Ed.2d 735 (1996) ; J. E. B. v. . . . Evans , 517 U.S. 620, 116 S.Ct. 1620, 134 L.Ed.2d 855 (1996) ; Lawrence v. . . . Manning, The Absurdity Doctrine, 116 Harv. L. Rev. 2387, 2457 (2003). . . . would ordinarily be understood as saying, given the circumstances in which one said it.' " Manning, 116 . . . Virginia , 518 U.S. 515, 532-534, 116 S.Ct. 2264, 135 L.Ed.2d 735 (1996). . . . Wales 116 Oysters are of distinct sexes. b. with regard to plants (see FEMALE a . 2, MALE a . 2). 1567 . . .

ANDRUS v. TEXAS, 140 S. Ct. 1875 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Chater , 516 U.S. 163, 185, 116 S.Ct. 604, 133 L.Ed.2d 545 (1996) (Scalia, J., dissenting). . . .

ST. HUBERT v. UNITED STATES, 140 S. Ct. 1727 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Jefferson County , 517 U.S. 793, 798, 116 S.Ct. 1761, 135 L.Ed.2d 76 (1996), issue preclusion can bind . . . only when certain minimum requirements, consistent with due process, have been met, id. , at 798-799, 116 . . .

J. THOLE, v. U. S. BANK N. A, 140 S. Ct. 1615 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Howe , 516 U.S. 489, 497, 116 S.Ct. 1065, 134 L.Ed.2d 130 (1996). . . . Varity , supra, at 528, 116 S.Ct. 1065. . . . Compare Varity Corp. , 516 U.S. at 507, 116 S.Ct. 1065 ("This argument fails"), with id. , at 516, 116 . . . Brown Group, Inc. , 517 U.S. 544, 557, 116 S.Ct. 1529, 134 L.Ed.2d 758 (1996). . . . Food and Commercial Workers , 517 U.S. at 552, 116 S.Ct. 1529. . . .

GE ENERGY POWER CONVERSION FRANCE SAS, CORP. SAS, v. OUTOKUMPU STAINLESS USA, LLC,, 140 S. Ct. 1637 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Korean Air Lines Co. , 516 U.S. 217, 226, 116 S.Ct. 629, 133 L.Ed.2d 596 (1996) ). . . . Id. , at 226, 116 S.Ct. 629. . . . Zicherman , 516 U.S. at 227, 116 S.Ct. 629. . . . the "postratification conduct" of the governments of contracting states, Zicherman , 516 U.S. at 227, 116 . . .

BANISTER, v. DAVIS,, 140 S. Ct. 1698 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Ibarra , 502 U.S. 1, 5, 112 S.Ct. 4, 116 L.Ed.2d 1 (1991) (per curiam ) (noting that giving district . . . Turpin , 518 U.S. 651, 664, 116 S.Ct. 2333, 135 L.Ed.2d 827 (1996), and Gonzalez illustrates the point . . .

OPATI, v. REPUBLIC OF SUDAN,, 140 S. Ct. 1601 (U.S. 2020)

. . . McFaddon , 7 Cranch 116, 3 L.Ed. 287 (1812). . . .

LUCKY BRAND DUNGAREES, INC. v. MARCEL FASHIONS GROUP, INC., 140 S. Ct. 1589 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Varner, Federal Practice § 131.31[1], p. 131-116 (3d ed. 2019) (emphasis added). . . .

MAINE COMMUNITY HEALTH OPTIONS, v. UNITED STATES v. v. v., 140 S. Ct. 1308 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Royal Dutch Petroleum Co. , 569 U.S. 108, 116-117, 133 S.Ct. 1659, 185 L.Ed.2d 671 (2013). . . .

ESTATE OF KLIEMAN, BY AND THROUGH KESNER, v. PALESTINIAN AUTHORITY,, 140 S. Ct. 2713 (U.S. 2020)

. . . No. 116-94, div. J, tit. IX, § 903, 133 Stat. 3082. . . .

I. SOKOLOW, v. PALESTINE LIBERATION ORGANIZATION,, 140 S. Ct. 2714 (U.S. 2020)

. . . No. 116-94, div. J, tit. IX, § 903, 133 Stat. 3082. . . .

BARTON, v. P. BARR,, 140 S. Ct. 1442 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Attorney General of United States , 449 Fed.Appx. 116, 118 (C.A.3 2011) ; Calix v. . . .

COUNTY OF MAUI, HAWAII, v. HAWAII WILDLIFE FUND,, 140 S. Ct. 1462 (U.S. 2020)

. . . of Clean Water Act is to regulate pollution at its source); The Emily , 9 Wheat. 381, 390, 6 L.Ed. 116 . . .

ROMAG FASTENERS, INC. v. FOSSIL, INC., 140 S. Ct. 1492 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Peffer , 55 Cal.App.2d 116, 125, 130 P.2d 220 (1942) (explaining that "equity constantly refuses, for . . .

RAMOS, v. LOUISIANA, 140 S. Ct. 1390 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Alleyne , 570 U.S. at 116, n. 5, 133 S.Ct. 2151. . . . Florida , 517 U.S. 44, 116 S.Ct. 1114, 134 L.Ed.2d 252 (1996) ; Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pa . . . Johnson , 116 F.3d 1115, 1125 (CA5 1997). . . . Florida , 517 U.S. 44, 67, 116 S.Ct. 1114, 134 L.Ed.2d 252 (1996) ; Randall v. . . . Lohr , 518 U.S. 470, 116 S.Ct. 2240, 135 L.Ed.2d 700 (1996) ; Richmond v. J. A. . . . Vera , 517 U.S. 952, 1001-1002, 116 S.Ct. 1941, 135 L.Ed.2d 248 (1996) (THOMAS, J., concurring in judgment . . .

KANSAS, v. GLOVER, 140 S. Ct. 1183 (U.S. 2020)

. . . United States , 517 U.S. 690, 696, 116 S.Ct. 1657, 134 L.Ed.2d 911 (1996) ; see also United States v. . . . Ornelas , 517 U.S. at 699, 116 S.Ct. 1657 ; Cortez , 449 U.S. at 416-418, 101 S.Ct. 690 (explaining that . . . United States , 517 U.S. 690, 695, 116 S.Ct. 1657, 134 L.Ed.2d 911 (1996) (emphasis added; internal quotation . . . Cortez , 449 U.S. at 418, 101 S.Ct. 690 ; Ornelas , 517 U.S. at 696, 116 S.Ct. 1657 (" '[e]ach case is . . .

VF JEANSWEAR LP v. EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION, 140 S. Ct. 1202 (U.S. 2020)

. . . . ----, 139 S.Ct. 1843, 204 L.Ed.2d 116 (2019). . . .

CITGO ASPHALT REFINING COMPANY, v. FRESCATI SHIPPING COMPANY, LTD., 140 S. Ct. 1081 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Id. , § 30:7, at 116-119, 124 (footnote omitted). . . .

K. KAHLER, v. KANSAS, 140 S. Ct. 1021 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Egelhoff , 518 U.S. 37, 43, 116 S.Ct. 2013, 135 L.Ed.2d 361 (1996) (plurality opinion). . . . See, e.g. , id. , at 44-45, 116 S.Ct. 2013 ; Patterson v. . . . Egelhoff , 518 U.S. 37, 43, 116 S.Ct. 2013, 135 L.Ed.2d 361 (1996) (plurality opinion). . . . Strasburg , 60 Wash. 106, 116, 110 P. 1020, 1022-1023 (1910) ; cf. State v. . . . Wood , 12 N.Y.2d 69, 76, 236 N.Y.S.2d 44, 187 N.E.2d 116, 121-122 (1962) ; State v. . . .

GUERRERO- LASPRILLA, v. P. BARR, v. P., 140 S. Ct. 1062 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Day , 232 U.S. 110, 116, 34 S.Ct. 233, 58 L.Ed. 528 (1914) (distinguishing between "a mere question of . . .

L. ALLEN, v. A. COOPER, III,, 140 S. Ct. 994 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Florida , 517 U.S. 44, 54, 116 S.Ct. 1114, 134 L.Ed.2d 252 (1996). . . . Id., at 54 n. 13, 116 S.Ct. 1114 (quoting The Federalist No. 81, p. 487 (C. Rossiter ed. 1961) (A. . . . Seminole Tribe , 517 U.S. at 56, 116 S.Ct. 1114 (internal quotation marks omitted); see Dellmuth v. . . . Seminole Tribe , 517 U.S. at 59, 116 S.Ct. 1114. . . . Florida , 517 U.S. 44, 72-73, 116 S.Ct. 1114, 134 L.Ed.2d 252 (1996) ). . . .

KANSAS, v. GARCIA v. v., 140 S. Ct. 791 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Railroad Friction Products Corp. , 565 U.S. 625, 630-631, 132 S.Ct. 1261, 182 L.Ed.2d 116 (2012) ; PLIVA . . .

C. HERNANDEZ, v. MESA, Jr., 140 S. Ct. 735 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Royal Dutch Petroleum Co. , 569 U.S. 108, 116, 133 S.Ct. 1659, 185 L.Ed.2d 671 (2013) ; see also EEOC . . . Kiobel , 569 U.S. at 116, 133 S.Ct. 1659. . . . Royal Dutch Petroleum Co. , 569 U.S. 108, 115-116, 133 S.Ct. 1659, 185 L.Ed.2d 671 (2013). . . .

CLEARSTREAM BANKING S. A. v. D. PETERSON,, 140 S. Ct. 813 (U.S. 2020)

. . . No. 116- ---- (S. 1790). . . .

BANK MARKAZI, v. D. PETERSON,, 140 S. Ct. 813 (U.S. 2020)

. . . No. 116- ---- (S. 1790). . . .

BANCA UBAE, S. P. A. v. D. PETERSON,, 140 S. Ct. 862 (U.S. 2020)

. . . No. 116-___ (S. 1790). . . .

MARLOWE, v. CITY AND COUNTY OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA,, 140 S. Ct. 244 (U.S. 2019)

. . . No. 19-116 Supreme Court of the United States. . . .

UNITED STATES, v. ROMERO, Jr., 935 F.3d 1124 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . United States, 517 U.S. 690, 699, 116 S.Ct. 1657, 134 L.Ed.2d 911 (1996). . . .

ELHADY, v. H. KABLE,, 391 F. Supp. 3d 562 (E.D. Va. 2019)

. . . Dulles , 357 U.S. 116, 125, 78 S.Ct. 1113, 2 L.Ed.2d 1204 (1958) ("The right to travel is a part of the . . .

ANIMAL LEGAL DEFENSE FUND v. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, 935 F.3d 858 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . United States , 516 U.S. 137, 146, 116 S.Ct. 501, 133 L.Ed.2d 472 (1995) (rejecting interpretation that . . .

UNITED STATES v. TOWN OF COLORADO CITY,, 935 F.3d 804 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Lundy , 516 U.S. 235, 252, 116 S.Ct. 647, 133 L.Ed.2d 611 (1996) ). . . .

BELLITTO, v. SNIPES,, 935 F.3d 1192 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . No. 107-252, 116 Stat. 1666 (codified as amended at 52 U.S.C. §§ 20901 - 21145 (2012) ). . . .

PEREZ- SANCHEZ, v. U. S. ATTORNEY GENERAL,, 935 F.3d 1148 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . United States, 517 U.S. 654, 656, 116 S. . . . Henderson, 517 U.S. at 656, 116 S. Ct. at 1640 (quotation marks omitted). . . .

IN RE J. BARIBEAU,, 603 B.R. 797 (Bankr. W.D. Tex. 2019)

. . . Matter of T-H New Orleans, L.P. , 116 F.3d 790, 802 (5th Cir. 1997). . . .

UNITED STATES v. HAWKINS, a. k. a. D III, a. k. a., 934 F.3d 1251 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . United States , 517 U.S. 806, 813, 116 S.Ct. 1769, 135 L.Ed.2d 89 (1996). . . .

BACA v. COLORADO DEPARTMENT OF STATE, G. T. L. M., 935 F.3d 887 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . App. at 116. "The barrier [to recovering nominal damages i]s not ... . . .

BURKE, v. REGALADO, v., 935 F.3d 960 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . State Farm , 538 U.S. at 418, 123 S.Ct. 1513 (citing Gore , 517 U.S. at 575, 116 S.Ct. 1589 ). i. . . . Gore , 517 U.S. at 575, 116 S.Ct. 1589. . . . "500 times the amount of [the plaintiff's] actual harm as determined by the jury." 517 U.S. at 582, 116 . . . Under the first, "most important," factor, Gore , 517 U.S. at 575, 116 S.Ct. 1589, at least three of . . . Rogers , 116 F.3d 1334, 1336 (10th Cir. 1997). . . .

UNITED STATES v. SHAYOTA, v., 934 F.3d 1049 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Virginia , 527 U.S. 116, 119 S.Ct. 1887, 144 L.Ed.2d 117 (1999), a plurality of the Court "assumed" without . . . Stewart , 85 Kan. 404, 116 P. 489 (1911). . . .

BOWLES, v. DESANTIS,, 934 F.3d 1230 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . significant interest in enforcing its criminal judgments"); In re Blodgett, 502 U.S. 236, 239, 112 S.Ct. 674, 116 . . .

SINGLETON, v. ARKANSAS HOUSING AUTHORITIES PROPERTY CASUALTY SELF- INSURED FUND, INC. BRK, 934 F.3d 830 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Ctr. , 2012 Ark. 328, 422 S.W.3d 116, 120 (Ark. 2012). . . .

CONILLE v. COUNCIL AMERICAN FEDERATION OF STATE, COUNTY AND MUNICIPAL EMPLOYEES, 935 F.3d 1 (1st Cir. 2019)

. . . Workers, Local 71, 502 U.S. 93, 103, 112 S.Ct. 494, 116 L.Ed.2d 419 (1991) ; Lydon, 770 F.3d at 54 (" . . .

UNITED STATES v. CANO,, 934 F.3d 1002 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . The two things differ toto coelo . 116 U.S. 616, 622-23, 6 S.Ct. 524, 29 L.Ed. 746 (1886), overruled . . . United States , 517 U.S. 806, 813, 116 S.Ct. 1769, 135 L.Ed.2d 89 (1996) (upholding a "pretextual" stop . . .

AMAZON. COM, INC. v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE,, 934 F.3d 976 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Amazon reported cost sharing payments from AEHT of about $116 million for 2005 and about $77 million . . .

PASSARO, Jr. v. VIRGINIA, 935 F.3d 243 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Florida , 517 U.S. 44, 71 n.14, 116 S.Ct. 1114, 134 L.Ed.2d 252 (1996). . . .

LEWIS, v. CITY OF UNION CITY, GEORGIA,, 934 F.3d 1169 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . City of Winter Park , 116 F.3d 1396, 1399 (11th Cir. 1997) ). . . . See Scala , 116 F.3d at 1403 (finding meaningful review where "there is no evidence ... that the Board's . . .

DEJORIA, v. MAGHREB PETROLEUM EXPLORATION, S. A., 935 F.3d 381 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Ctr. for Humanities, Inc. , 518 U.S. 415, 429, 116 S.Ct. 2211, 135 L.Ed.2d 659 (1996) (holding that state . . .

UNITED STATES v. CLARK,, 935 F.3d 558 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . United States , 516 U.S. 137, 116 S.Ct. 501, 133 L.Ed.2d 472 (1995), as we noted in United States v. . . .

IN RE MATTHEWS, In In In In III,, 934 F.3d 296 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Turpin , 518 U.S. 651, 657, 116 S.Ct. 2333, 135 L.Ed.2d 827 (1996) ). . . .

UNITED STATES v. W. HARNEY,, 934 F.3d 502 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Armstrong , 517 U.S. 456, 462, 116 S.Ct. 1480, 134 L.Ed.2d 687 (1996). . . .

IN RE NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE S SUNDAY TICKET ANTITRUST LITIGATION, Jr. v. LLC LLC NFL LLC LLC LP LLC LLC NFL LP LLC LP LLC LP Co. LLC LP LLC, 933 F.3d 1136 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Nat'l Football League , 116 F. Supp. 319, 321 (E.D. Pa. 1953) ( NFL I ). . . . No. 93-483 at 5 (1973), reprinted in 1973 U.S.C.C.A.N. 2032, 2035; see NFL I , 116 F. Supp. at 325. . . . NFL I , 116 F. Supp. at 326-27. . . . NFL I , 116 F. Supp. at 329-30. . . . See NFL I , 116 F. Supp. at 325. . . .

GREYER, v. ILLINOIS DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS, v., 933 F.3d 871 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . See Margo Schlanger, Inmate Litigation , 116 HARV. L. . . .

ADAM AND EVE JONESBORO, LLC, v. PERRIN, In, 933 F.3d 951 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Members of New York State Crime Victims Bd. , 502 U.S. 105, 116, 112 S.Ct. 501, 116 L.Ed.2d 476 (1991 . . .

NAUMOVSKI, v. NORRIS, 934 F.3d 200 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Evans , 517 U.S. 620, 634, 116 S. . . . Evans , 517 U.S. 620, 634, 116 S. Ct. 1620, 134 L.Ed.2d 855 (1996) ; see also Lawrence v. . . .

UNITED STATES EX REL. CHARTE v. AMERICAN TUTOR, INC. Jr. Sr., 934 F.3d 346 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Ctr. at Orange , 116 N.J. 7, 560 A.2d 1169, 1174 (1989) (the entire controversy doctrine "tries foremost . . . Ctr. at Orange , 116 N.J. 7, 560 A.2d 1169, 1172 (1989) ; see Dimitrakopoulos v. . . .

MARTIN, v. MARINEZ,, 934 F.3d 594 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Sonneborn , 98 U.S. 187, 194, 25 L.Ed. 116 (1878) ("The existence of a want of probable cause is, as . . .

IN RE MIAMI METALS I, INC., 603 B.R. 727 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . Burkhardt , 97 U.S. 110, 116, 24 L.Ed. 973 (1878) (emphasis added). . . . See Sturm , 150 U.S. at 329, 14 S.Ct. 99 ; Burkhardt , 97 U.S. at 116. . . .

RILEY, v. FILSON D., 933 F.3d 1068 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . State , 116 Nev. 215, 994 P.2d 700 (Nev. 2000) (en banc),] this court had not required separate definitions . . .

UNITED STATES v. NG LAP SENG, Ng, Ng W. C., 934 F.3d 110 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Silver , 864 F.3d at 116-17 (detailing two-part test for "official act" identified in McDonnell ); United . . .

MOGARD, v. CITY OF MILBANK,, 932 F.3d 1184 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Bryant , 502 U.S. 224, 227, 112 S.Ct. 534, 116 L.Ed.2d 589 (1991) (per curiam). . . .

FREEDOM FROM RELIGION FOUNDATION, INC. v. COUNTY OF LEHIGH,, 933 F.3d 275 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Robinson , 517 U.S. 1201, 1201-03, 116 S.Ct. 1702, 134 L.Ed.2d 801 (1996) (Rehnquist, C.J., dissenting . . .

PARENT PROFESSIONAL ADVOCACY LEAGUE M. W. a F. D. S. S. a S. Y. v. CITY OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS J., 934 F.3d 13 (1st Cir. 2019)

. . . Brown Grp., Inc., 517 U.S. 544, 555-56, 116 S.Ct. 1529, 134 L.Ed.2d 758 (1996) (discussing the constitutional . . . See, e.g., United Food, 517 U.S. at 556, 116 S.Ct. 1529 ; Flast v. . . . United Food, 517 U.S. at 557, 116 S.Ct. 1529. We continue with DLC in particular. . . . United Food, 517 U.S. at 558, 116 S.Ct. 1529. . . . See United Food, 517 U.S. at 557, 116 S.Ct. 1529 (explaining that prudential bars to representative standing . . .

DUMONT, v. REILY FOODS COMPANY, 934 F.3d 35 (1st Cir. 2019)

. . . Co., 737 F.3d 116, 123 (1st Cir. 2013). . . .

VALBRUNA SLATER STEEL CORPORATION, v. JOSLYN MANUFACTURING COMPANY,, 934 F.3d 553 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Epstein , 516 U.S. 367, 375, 116 S.Ct. 873, 134 L.Ed.2d 6 (1996) ; Wright & Miller, 18B Fed. . . .

STERLINSKI, v. CATHOLIC BISHOP OF CHICAGO,, 934 F.3d 568 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Nicholas Cathedral , 344 U.S. 94, 116, 73 S.Ct. 143, 97 L.Ed. 120 (1952) ; Serbian Eastern Orthodox Diocese . . .

BRENDA L. v. SAUL,, 392 F. Supp. 3d 858 (N.D. Ill. 2019)

. . . .); Posner, How Judges Think, 116 (Harvard University Press 2008). Joe R. v. Berryhill , 363 F. . . .

KELLY, v. HONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL, INC., 933 F.3d 173 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Int'l Multifoods Corp. , 116 F.3d 976, 980 (2d Cir. 1997). . . . See Int'l Multifoods , 116 F.3d at 980 ("[I]f a document unambiguously indicates whether retiree medical . . . because it clearly suggested that after the term of the agreement, the company could reduce benefits. 116 . . . Wabtec Corp. , 559 F.3d 110, 116 (2d Cir. 2009) (citation omitted) (internal quotation marks omitted) . . . Faiveley Transp. , 559 F.3d at 116 (internal quotation marks omitted). . . .

CHAVEZ, De E. De De De v. OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION, a, 933 F.3d 186 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Id. at 116. . . .

LOCAL COMMUNICATIONS WORKERS OF AMERICA, AFL- CIO v. CITY OF NEW YORK, 392 F. Supp. 3d 361 (S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . (See, e.g. , id. at 114, 117, 119 ("Strategy meeting regarding matter"); 116, 118, 120 ("Attorney meeting . . .

KORTRIGHT CAPITAL PARTNERS LP, TY v. INVESTCORP INVESTMENT ADVISERS LIMITED,, 392 F. Supp. 3d 382 (S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . (See Trial Tr. at 116 (Taylor); Trial Tr. at 1235 (Popplewell).) . . . (P-116; P-122; P-123.) III. . . .

BERGAMATTO, v. BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE NYSA ILA PENSION FUND, 933 F.3d 257 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Co. , 679 F.3d 116, 121 n.2 (3d Cir. 2012) ("We have clarified that '[i]n the ERISA context, the arbitrary . . . Plan for Hourly Paid Emps. of Johns Manville Corp. & Subsidiaries , 803 F.2d 109, 116 (3d Cir. 1986) . . . Co. , 679 F.3d 116, 121 (3d Cir. 2012) (internal quotation marks and citation omitted). . . .

TEXAS, v. EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION EEOC P. U. S., 933 F.3d 433 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Casey , 518 U.S. 343, 358, 116 S.Ct. 2174, 135 L.Ed.2d 606 (1996) (first alteration added) (quoting Lujan . . .

HAIDAK, v. UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS- AMHERST, 933 F.3d 56 (1st Cir. 2019)

. . . Melo, 502 U.S. 21, 26, 112 S.Ct. 358, 116 L.Ed.2d 301 (1991). . . .

UNITED STATES v. CARMAN,, 933 F.3d 614 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . United States , 516 U.S. 29, 38-39, 116 S.Ct. 356, 133 L.Ed.2d 271 (1995) ("Forfeiture is an element . . .

SANDHU, LLC, a v. L. KANZLER, Jr. LLC, a, 932 F.3d 1107 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Co., 312 Minn. 324, 252 N.W.2d 107, 116 (1977) ). . . . Moss & Barnett, 490 N.W.2d 108, 116 (Minn. 1992) ; see also Noske, 713 N.W.2d at 874 (stating that "[ . . . See Wartnick, 490 N.W.2d at 116. A. . . . Hill, 252 N.W.2d at 116. . . . See Hill , 252 N.W.2d at 116. . . .

WALLER, v. CITY AND COUNTY OF DENVER, a, 932 F.3d 1277 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . (Appellant's App. at 37, 116.) Other allegations are less clear. For instance, Mr. . . . and cause of inmate's death to purported block quote of amended complaint) with Appellant's App. at 116 . . .

UNITED STATES v. ELDRED, 933 F.3d 110 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . The search revealed 116 files relating to child pornography, including images of penile-vaginal intercourse . . .

UNITED STATES v. PRADO,, 933 F.3d 121 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Royal Dutch Petroleum Co ., 569 U.S. 108, 116, 133 S.Ct. 1659, 185 L.Ed.2d 671 (2013) (reasoning that . . .

C. CORDARO, v. UNITED STATES, 933 F.3d 232 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Silver, 864 F.3d 102, 116 n.67 (2d Cir. 2017). . . .

UNITED STATES v. LEAL,, 933 F.3d 426 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Barry , 502 U.S. 244, 248, 112 S.Ct. 678, 116 L.Ed.2d 678 (1992). . . .

UNITED STATES v. BANYAN, 933 F.3d 548 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Bouchard , 828 F.3d 116, 126 (2d Cir. 2016) ; United States v. . . . Bouchard , 828 F.3d 116, 126 (2d Cir. 2016). . . .

COFFEY, v. CARROLL, 933 F.3d 577 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . App'x 116, 126 (6th Cir. 2012). Immediate threat to the safety of the officers or others. . . .

OXFORD UNIVERSITY BANK, A N. A. CDO CDO v. LANSUPPE FEEDER, LLC,, 933 F.3d 99 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Id. at 116. . . . particular class of persons.' " Lansuppe Feeder, 2016 WL 5477741, at *4 (quoting Bellikoff , 481 F.3d at 116 . . . a private right of action, § 47(b)(2) also identifies a "class of persons," Bellikoff , 481 F.3d at 116 . . .

WARREN, v. FEDERAL NATIONAL MORTGAGE ASSOCIATION,, 932 F.3d 378 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . KTRK Television, Inc. , 38 S.W.3d 103, 116-17 (Tex. 2000). . . .

D. TORRY, Q. I. v. CITY OF CHICAGO,, 932 F.3d 579 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . United States , 517 U.S. 690, 695, 116 S.Ct. 1657, 134 L.Ed.2d 911 (1996) (citation omitted). . . .

DOGAN, v. BARAK,, 932 F.3d 888 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . McFaddon , 11 U.S. (7 Cranch) 116, 3 L.Ed. 287 (1812) ; see also Samantar v. . . .

L. PAGE, v. KING,, 932 F.3d 898 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Garden State Bar Ass'n , 457 U.S. 423, 435, 102 S.Ct. 2515, 73 L.Ed.2d 116 (1982) ). . . .

JACKSON, v. DAVIS,, 933 F.3d 408 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Thomas , 517 U.S. 314, 324, 116 S.Ct. 1293, 134 L.Ed.2d 440 (1996) ). . . . Lonchar , 517 U.S. at 324, 116 S.Ct. 1293. See Hardy , 577 F.3d at 598 ; Phillips v. . . .

LONGORIA, v. HUNTER EXPRESS, LIMITED, 932 F.3d 360 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Ctr. for Humanities, Inc. , 518 U.S. 415, 438-39, 116 S.Ct. 2211, 135 L.Ed.2d 659 (1996). . . . Gasperini , 518 U.S. at 418, 430-31, 116 S.Ct. 2211 ; see also Fair v. . . .

UNITED STATES v. PORTER,, 933 F.3d 226 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Davis , 204 U.S. 116, 139 S. Ct. 1843, 1848 n.4, 204 L.Ed.2d 116 (2019) (quoting Scarborough v. . . .

UNITED STATES v. BOSYK,, 933 F.3d 319 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . See Ornelas , 517 U.S. at 698, 116 S.Ct. 1657. . . . Wilhelm , 80 F.3d 116, 123 (4th Cir. 1996) ). This is a blinkered reading of the affidavit. . . . United States , 517 U.S. 690, 695, 116 S.Ct. 1657, 134 L.Ed.2d 911 (1996) (internal quotation marks and . . . Wilhelm , 80 F.3d 116, 123 (4th Cir. 1996) ). . . .