The 2023 Florida Statutes (including Special Session C)

Title XXXIII
REGULATION OF TRADE, COMMERCE, INVESTMENTS, AND SOLICITATIONS

Chapter 531
WEIGHTS, MEASURES, AND STANDARDS

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CHAPTER 531

WEIGHTS, MEASURES, AND STANDARDS

531.36 Title.

531.37 Definitions.

531.38 Systems of weights and measures.

531.39 State standards.

531.40 Technical requirements for commercial devices.

531.41 Powers and duties of the department.

531.415 Fees.

531.42 Special police powers.

531.421 Powers and duties of local officials.

531.43 Misrepresentation of quantity.

531.44 Misrepresentation of pricing; verification procedures.

531.45 Method of sale.

531.46 Bulk sale.

531.47 Information required on packages.

531.48 Declarations of unit price on random packages.

531.49 Advertising packages for sale.

531.50 Administrative fine, penalties, and offenses.

531.51 Injunction.

531.52 Presumptive evidence.

531.53 Regulations to be unaffected by repeal of prior enabling statute.

531.60 Permit for commercially operated or tested weights or measures instrument or devices.

531.61 Exemptions from permit requirement.

531.62 Permit application and renewal.

531.63 Maximum permit fees.

531.64 Suspension and revocation of permits.

531.65 Unauthorized use; penalties.

531.66 Forms; rules.

531.67 Expiration of sections.

531.36 Title.—This act may be cited as the “Weights and Measures Act of 1971.”

History.—s. 1, ch. 72-101.

531.37 Definitions.—As used in this chapter:

(1) “Weights and measures” means all weights and measures of every kind, instruments, and devices for weighing and measuring, and any appliance and accessories associated with any or all such instruments and devices, excluding taximeters, transportation measurement systems, and those weights and measures used for the purpose of inspecting the accuracy of devices used in conjunction with aviation fuel.

(2) “Weight” in connection with any commodity means net weight.

(3) “Correct” in connection with weights and measures means conformance to all applicable requirements of this chapter.

(4) “Primary standards” means the physical standards of the state which serve as the legal reference from which all other standards, weights, and measures are derived.

(5) “Secondary standards” means the physical standards which are traceable to the primary standards through comparisons, using acceptable laboratory procedures.

(6) “Department” means the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services.

(7) “Person” includes both plural and singular, as the case demands, and includes individuals, partnerships, corporations, companies, societies, and associations.

(8) “Sale from bulk” means the sale of commodities when the quantity is determined at the time of sale.

(9) “Package” means any container or wrapping in which any commodity is enclosed for use in the delivery or display of that commodity to purchasers.

History.—s. 1, ch. 72-101; s. 18, ch. 2016-166; s. 28, ch. 2017-85.

531.38 Systems of weights and measures.—The system of weights and measures in customary use in the United States and the metric system of weights and measures are jointly recognized, and either one or both of these systems shall be used for all commercial purposes in this state. The definitions of basic units of weight and measure, the tables of weight and measure, and weight and measure equivalents as published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology are recognized and shall govern weighing and measuring equipment and transactions in the state.

History.—s. 1, ch. 72-101; s. 6, ch. 90-320.

531.39 State standards.—Weights and measures that are traceable to the United States prototype standards supplied by the Federal Government, or approved as being satisfactory by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, shall be the state primary standards of weights and measures, and shall be maintained in such calibration as prescribed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. In addition, there shall be provided by the state such secondary standards as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this chapter. The secondary standards shall be verified upon their initial receipt and as often thereafter as deemed necessary by the department.

History.—s. 1, ch. 72-101; s. 7, ch. 90-320; s. 11, ch. 2005-210.

531.40 Technical requirements for commercial devices.—The specifications, tolerances, and other technical requirements for commercial weighing and measuring devices, as determined by regulations adopted by the department, which regulations shall afford the greatest degree of protection to the public, shall conform to those adopted by the National Institute of Standards and Technology to the extent possible. The department, notwithstanding the provisions of chapter 120, shall have the power to adopt by reference in a regulation or regulations adopted by it the specifications, tolerances, and technical requirements approved by the National Conference on Weights and Measures and published in Handbook 44 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology. The department may, from time to time, adopt such regulations as may be necessary to conform the state standards to those of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, which may be adopted by reference to supplements to, or revisions of, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Handbook 44.

History.—s. 1, ch. 72-101; s. 8, ch. 90-320.

531.41 Powers and duties of the department.—The department shall:

(1) Maintain traceability of the state standards to the National Institute of Standards and Technology.

(2) Enforce the provisions of this chapter.

(3) Adopt rules pursuant to ss. 120.536(1) and 120.54 to implement the provisions of this chapter.

(4) Establish, by rule, standards of weight, measure, or count and reasonable standards of fill for any commodity in package form, as necessary.

(5) Make, by rule, any exemptions from the provisions of this chapter when appropriate to the maintenance of good commercial practices within this state.

(6) Conduct investigations necessary to ensure compliance with this chapter.

(7) Delegate to appropriate personnel all duties and responsibilities necessary for the proper administration of this chapter.

(8) Test annually the standards of weight and measure used by any city or county and approve the same when found to be correct and reject same when found to be incorrect.

(9) Have the authority to inspect and test all weights and measures kept or offered or exposed for sale.

(10) Inspect and test, to ascertain if they are correct, all weights and measures commercially used:

(a) In determining the weight, measure, or count of commodities or things sold or offered or exposed for sale, on the basis of weight, measure, or count; or

(b) In computing the basic charge or payment for services rendered on the basis of weight, measure or count.

In compliance with rules of the department, tests may be made on representative samples of such devices, and the lots of which samples are representative shall be held to be correct or incorrect on the basis of the results of the inspection and tests of such samples.

(11) Test all weights and measures used in checking the receipt or disbursement of supplies in every institution for the maintenance of which funds are appropriated by the Legislature of this state.

(12) Approve for use, and mark, the weights and measures it finds to be correct, and reject and order to be corrected the weights and measures it finds to be incorrect. Weights and measures that have been rejected may be seized if not corrected within the timeframe as determined by departmental rule, or if used or disposed of in a manner not specifically authorized by the department. The department shall condemn, and may seize, weights and measures found to be incorrect that are not capable of being made correct.

(13) Weigh, measure, or inspect packaged commodities kept or offered or exposed for sale, sold, or in the process of delivery, to determine whether they contain the amounts represented and whether they are kept or offered or exposed for sale in accordance with this chapter or the rules adopted pursuant thereto. In carrying out the provisions of this subsection, the department may employ recognized sampling procedures that are designated in the National Institute of Standards and Technology Handbook 133, “Checking the Net Contents of Packaged Goods.”

(14) Prescribe, by rule, the appropriate term or unit of weight or measure to be used, whenever it determines in the case of a specific commodity that an existing practice of declaring net quantity of contents by weight, measure, numerical count, or combination thereof does not facilitate value comparisons by consumers or offers an opportunity for consumer confusion.

(15) Inspect and test every grain moisture measuring device used to determine the moisture of corn, soybeans, and grains offered for sale, sold, purchased, or in the process of being purchased. The department shall also have authority to establish tolerances and specifications for the accuracy and condition of these devices.

(16) Provide by rule for the voluntary registration with the department of private weighing and measuring device service agencies or personnel. Such rule shall grant private agencies and personnel that meet all registration requirements and maintain current registered status with the department the authority to place devices that meet all state requirements into commercial service until such time as the devices can be inspected and tested as provided for in subsection (10), provided such devices are reported to the department as prescribed by the rule.

The provisions of this chapter and rules adopted thereunder notwithstanding, scales routinely used by providers of weight control services shall not be considered commercial weights and measures when used to determine human weight or to compute charges or payments for services rendered by such providers on the basis of said weight, measure, or count.

History.—s. 1, ch. 72-101; s. 1, ch. 77-217; s. 9, ch. 90-320; s. 3, ch. 91-275; s. 10, ch. 91-294; s. 81, ch. 92-291; s. 182, ch. 98-200; s. 22, ch. 2000-308.

531.415 Fees.—

(1) The department shall charge and collect fees of not more than the following for actual metrology laboratory calibration and testing services rendered:

(a) For each mass standard that is tested or certified to meet tolerances less stringent than American National Standards Institute/American Society for Testing and Materials (ANSI/ASTM) Standard E617 Class 4:

Weight Fee/Unit

0 - 2 lb. $6

3 - 10 lb. $8

11 - 50 lb. $12

51 - 500 lb. $20

501 - 1000 lb. $30

1001 - 2500 lb. $40

2501 - 5000 lb. $50

(b) For each mass standard that is tested or certified to meet ANSI/ASTM Standard Class 4 or National Institute of Standards and Technology Class P tolerances:

Weight Fee/Unit

0 - 10 lb. $20

11 - 50 lb. $30

51 - 500 lb. $40

501 - 1000 lb. $50

1001 - 2500 lb. $60

2501 - 5000 lb. $75

Weight Fee/Unit

0 - 20 lb. $40

21 - 50 lb. $50

51 - 1000 lb. $70

1001 - 2500 lb. $150

2501 - 5000 lb. $250

(d) For each volumetric test:

Vessel Fee/Test Point

0 - 5 gal. $35

Over 5 gal. Plus $0.75 for each additional gallon

(e) For each linear measure test, a fee of $75.

(f) For each temperature measuring device, a fee of $50.

(g) For each special test or special preparation, a fee of $50 per hour.

(2) Each fee is payable to the department at the time the testing is done, regardless of whether the item tested is certified. The department may refuse to accept for testing any item deemed by the department to be unsuitable for its intended use or not to be in a condition ready for testing. The department shall deposit all fees collected under this section into the General Inspection Trust Fund.

(3) Any petroleum equipment used to measure petroleum fuel, as defined in s. 525.01, owned by a person licensed pursuant to chapter 206 is exempt from the fees established in this section.

History.—s. 5, ch. 93-142; s. 152, ch. 2010-102; s. 34, ch. 2013-251; s. 19, ch. 2016-166.

531.42 Special police powers.—With respect to the enforcement of this chapter and rules pursuant thereto, the department is:

(1) Empowered to seize, for use as evidence, without formal warrant, any incorrect or unapproved weight, measure, package, or commodity found to be used, retained, offered, or exposed for sale, or sold in violation of the provisions of this chapter or rules adopted pursuant thereto.

(2) Authorized to enter any commercial premises during normal business hours for the purpose of performing its duties.

(a) In the event that such premises, or part thereof, are not open to the public, the representative of the department shall first present his or her credentials before seeking entry thereto.

(b) Any person refusing authorized entry is in violation of this chapter and shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.083. Such fine shall not be construed to be an elected alternative negating the authority to enter the establishment.

(c) In the event that such entry is denied, the representative of the department may apply for a search warrant from any person authorized to issue the same.

(3) On probable cause of violation of this chapter, empowered to stop any commercial vehicle, and the representative of the department may, after presentment of his or her credentials, inspect the contents, require that the person in charge of that vehicle produce any documents in that person’s possession concerning the contents, and require him or her to proceed with the vehicle to some specified place for inspection. Any person refusing such inspection or failing to comply with any proper instructions is in violation of this chapter and shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.083. Such fine shall not be construed to be an elected alternative negating the authority to stop the vehicle, inspect the contents, or order that it be taken to a specified place.

(4) Empowered to issue stop-use, hold, and removal orders with respect to any weights and measures commercially used, and stop-sale, hold, and removal orders with respect to any packaged commodities or bulk commodities kept or offered or exposed for sale.

History.—ss. 1, 1A, ch. 72-101; s. 729, ch. 97-103.

531.421 Powers and duties of local officials.—Any weights and measures official appointed for a county or city may exercise, in cooperation with the state, the duties enumerated in s. 531.41(9)-(13) and the powers enumerated in s. 531.42. These powers and duties shall extend to their respective jurisdictions, except that the jurisdiction of a county official shall not extend to any city for which a weights and measures official has been appointed.

History.—s. 1, ch. 72-101.

531.43 Misrepresentation of quantity.—No person shall sell or offer or expose for sale less than the quantity he or she represents, nor take any more than the quantity he or she represents, when, as buyer, the person furnishes the weight or measure by means of which the quantity is determined.

History.—s. 1, ch. 72-101; s. 730, ch. 97-103.

531.44 Misrepresentation of pricing; verification procedures.—

(1) No person shall misrepresent the price of any commodity or service sold or offered, exposed, or advertised for sale by weight, measure, or count, nor represent the price in any manner calculated or tending to mislead or in any way deceive a person. Whenever an advertised, posted, or labeled price per unit of weight, measure, or count includes a fraction of a cent, all elements of a fraction shall be prominently displayed, and the numeral or numerals expressing the fraction shall be immediately adjacent to, of the same general design and style as, and at least one-half the height and width of, the numerals representing the whole cent.

(2) The department may adopt, by rule, sampling procedures for determining acceptable pricing practices. Sampling procedures for determining acceptable pricing practices may include, but are not limited to, those procedures adopted by the National Conference on Weights and Measures.

History.—s. 1, ch. 72-101; s. 27, ch. 97-220.

531.45 Method of sale.—Except as otherwise provided by rule of the department, commodities in liquid form shall be sold by liquid measure or by weight, and commodities not in liquid form shall be sold only by weight, by area or volume measure, or by count, so long as the method of sale provides accurate quantity information.

History.—s. 1, ch. 72-101.

531.46 Bulk sale.—Bulk sales in excess of $20 shall be accompanied by a delivery ticket containing the following information:

(1) The name and address of the vendor and purchaser;

(2) The date delivered;

(3) The net quantity delivered and the net quantity upon which the price is based, if this differs from the delivered quantity;

(4) The identity of commodity in the most descriptive terms commercially practicable including any quality representation made in connection with the sale; and

(5) The count of individually wrapped packages, if there are more than one of such packages.

History.—s. 1, ch. 72-101.

531.47 Information required on packages.—Except as otherwise provided in this chapter or by rules adopted pursuant thereto, any package kept for the purpose of sale or offered or exposed for sale shall bear on the outside of the package a definite, plain, and conspicuous declaration of:

(1) The identity of the commodity in the package, unless the same can easily be identified through the wrapper or container.

(2) The net quantity of contents in terms of weight, measure, or count.

(3) The name and place of business of the manufacturer, packer, or distributor, in the case of any package kept or offered or exposed for sale or sold in any place other than on the premises where packed.

History.—s. 1, ch. 72-101; s. 12, ch. 2005-210.

531.48 Declarations of unit price on random packages.—In addition to the declarations required by s. 531.47, any package being one of a lot containing random weights of the same commodity and bearing the total selling price of the package shall bear on the outside of the package a plain and conspicuous declaration of the price per single unit of weight.

History.—s. 1, ch. 72-101.

531.49 Advertising packages for sale.—Whenever a packaged commodity is advertised in any manner with the retail price stated, there shall be closely and conspicuously associated with the retail price a declaration of quantity as is required by law or rule to appear on the package.

History.—s. 1, ch. 72-101; s. 13, ch. 2005-210.

531.50 Administrative fine, penalties, and offenses.—

(1) The department may enter an order imposing one or more of the following penalties against a person who violates this chapter or any rule adopted under this chapter or impedes, obstructs, or hinders the department in performing its duties under this chapter:

(a) Issuance of a warning letter or notice.

(b) Imposition of an administrative fine in the Class II category pursuant to s. 570.971 for each violation.

When imposing any fine under this section, the department shall consider the degree and extent of potential harm caused by the violation, the amount of money by which the violator benefited from noncompliance, whether the violation was committed willfully, and the compliance record of the violator. All fines, monetary penalties, and costs received by the department shall be deposited in the General Inspection Trust Fund for the purpose of administering this chapter.

(2) Any person who willfully and knowingly violates any provision of this chapter or rule adopted by the department pursuant to this chapter commits a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083. Upon a subsequent conviction, a person commits a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.

(3) No person shall:

(a) Use, or have in possession for use, in commerce any weight or measure not approved or corrected as provided in s. 531.41(12).

(b) Use or dispose of any rejected or condemned weight or measure without specific authorization from the rejecting authority.

(c) Remove any mark of rejection from a rejected weight or measure without specific authorization from the rejecting authority.

History.—ss. 1, 1A, ch. 72-101; s. 731, ch. 97-103; s. 28, ch. 97-220; s. 53, ch. 2014-150.

531.51 Injunction.—The department is authorized, without bond, to apply to any court of competent jurisdiction for a temporary or permanent injunction restraining any person from violating any provision of this chapter.

History.—s. 1, ch. 72-101.

531.52 Presumptive evidence.—Whenever there shall exist a weight or measure or weighing or measuring device in or about any place in which or from which buying or selling is commonly carried on, there shall be a rebuttable presumption that such weight or measure or weighing or measuring device is regularly used for the business purposes of that place.

History.—s. 1, ch. 72-101.

531.53 Regulations to be unaffected by repeal of prior enabling statute.—The enactment of this chapter or any of its provisions shall not affect any rule adopted pursuant to the authority of any earlier enabling statute unless inconsistent with this chapter or modified or revoked by rule of the department.

History.—s. 1, ch. 72-101.

¹531.60 Permit for commercially operated or tested weights or measures instrument or devices.—

(1) A weights and measures instrument or device may not operate or be used for commercial purposes, as defined by department rule, within this state without first being permitted through a valid commercial use permit issued by the department to the person who owns the weights and measures device, unless exempted as provided in s. 531.61. Such permit applies only to the specific location and instrument types or device types listed on the permit. However, the department may allow such permit to be applicable to a replacement for the original instrument or device.

(2) If ownership of a business for which a permit has been issued changes and the instruments or devices affected by the permit:

(a) Remain in the same location, the permit transfers to the new owner and remains in effect until its original expiration date. Within 30 days after the change in ownership, the new owner shall notify the department of the change and provide the pertinent information regarding the change in ownership and an updated replacement permit shall be issued if needed.

(b) Move to a new location, the permit automatically expires and a new permit must be applied for by the new owner of the instruments or devices.

(3) A person who holds a permit that has been issued under this section must notify the department within 30 days after a change in permit status or if a permit will not be renewed due to the termination in use or removal of all weighing and measuring instruments or devices from the permitted location.

History.—ss. 33, 40, ch. 2009-66; ss. 1, 2, ch. 2013-55; ss. 36, 37, ch. 2013-251; s. 20, ch. 2016-166; s. 30, ch. 2018-84.

¹Note.—Repealed July 1, 2025, by s. 30, ch. 2018-84.

¹531.61 Exemptions from permit requirement.—Commercial weights or measures instruments or devices are exempt from the requirements of ss. 531.60-531.66 if:

(1) The device is used exclusively for weighing railroad cars and is tested for accuracy and compliance with state standards by a private testing agency.

(2) The device is used exclusively for measuring aviation fuel or petroleum products inspected under chapter 525.

History.—ss. 34, 40, ch. 2009-66; ss. 1, 2, ch. 2013-55; ss. 35, 36, 37, ch. 2013-251; s. 21, ch. 2016-166; s. 29, ch. 2017-85; s. 30, ch. 2018-84.

¹Note.—Repealed July 1, 2025, by s. 30, ch. 2018-84.

¹531.62 Permit application and renewal.—

(1) An application for a commercial use permit shall be submitted to the department on a form prescribed and furnished by the department and must contain such information as the department may require by rule.

(2) The application must be accompanied by a fee in an amount determined by the number and types of instruments or devices covered by the permit as provided by department rule. However, the fee for each instrument or device listed on the permit may not exceed the maximum limits set forth in s. 531.63.

(3) The department shall issue a permit and such other identification tags or stickers as necessary to provide evidence of compliance with ss. 531.60-531.66.

(4) A permit expires 2 years following its date of issue and must be renewed biennially. If a complete application package for renewal is not received by the department before the permit expires, a late fee of up to $100 must be paid in addition to the commercial use permit fee. However, a person may elect to renew a commercial use permit on an annual basis rather than a biennial basis. An annual renewal must meet the same requirements and conditions as a biennial renewal.

(5) All permit fees shall be deposited into the General Inspection Trust Fund and used to carry out and enforce the provisions of this chapter relating to testing, inspection, licensing, and regulation of commercial weights and measures instruments or devices and practices in the state.

History.—ss. 35, 40, ch. 2009-66; ss. 1, 2, ch. 2013-55; ss. 36, 37, ch. 2013-251; s. 22, ch. 2016-166; s. 30, ch. 2018-84.

¹Note.—Repealed July 1, 2025, by s. 30, ch. 2018-84.

¹531.63 Maximum permit fees.—The commercial use permit fees established for weights or measures instruments or devices shall be in an amount necessary to administer this chapter but may not exceed the amounts provided in this section.

(1) For weighing devices, the fees must be based on the manufacturer’s rated capacity or the device’s design and use and whether measuring by inch or pounds or the metric equivalent:

(a) For weighing devices of up to and including the 100-pound capacity which are used during any portion of the period covered by the permit, the maximum annual fees per category of device may not exceed the following:

Number of devices
in a single category Maximum Fee

1 to 5 $60

6 to 10 $150

11 to 30 $200

More than 30 $300

(b) For weighing devices of greater than the 100-pound capacity, the maximum annual registration fees may not exceed the following amounts per device:

Manufacturer’s rated
capacity Maximum Fee Per Device

100-5,000 pounds $200

5,000-20,000 pounds $300

20,000 pounds or more $400

Wheel load weighers $35

Static railroad track scales $1,000

Belt-conveyor scales $500

In-motion railroad track scales $1,000

(2) For other measuring devices, the annual permit fees per device may not exceed the following:

(a) Mass flow meters having a maximum flow rate of up to 150 pounds per minute..........$100.

This includes all mass flow meters used to dispense compressed and liquefied natural gas for retail sale.

(b) Mass flow meters having a maximum flow rate greater than 150 pounds per minute..........$500.

This includes all devices used to dispense diesel exhaust fluid for retail sale.

(d) Volumetric flow meters having a maximum flow rate greater than 20 gallons per minute..........$100.

(e) Tanks, under 500 gallons capacity, used as measure containers, with or without gage rods or markers..........$100.

(f) Tanks, 500 or more gallons capacity, used as measure containers, with or without gage rods or markers..........$200.

(g) Multiple-dimension measuring
devices..........$100.

(h) Liquefied petroleum gas bulk delivery vehicles with a meter owned or leased by a liquefied petroleum gas licensee..........$150.

(3) The owner or person in possession of a weight or measures instrument or device for which the permit fees have not been paid in accordance with this section may not use such instrument or device for commercial purposes.

History.—ss. 36, 40, ch. 2009-66; ss. 1, 2, ch. 2013-55; ss. 36, 37, ch. 2013-251; s. 23, ch. 2016-166; s. 30, ch. 2017-85; s. 30, ch. 2018-84.

¹Note.—Repealed July 1, 2025, by s. 30, ch. 2018-84.

¹531.64 Suspension and revocation of permits.—Any permit issued under s. 531.62 may be suspended or revoked by the department if the devices or instruments for which the permit is issued are operated or used contrary to this chapter or adopted rules.

History.—ss. 37, 40, ch. 2009-66; ss. 1, 2, ch. 2013-55; ss. 36, 37, ch. 2013-251; s. 30, ch. 2018-84.

¹Note.—Repealed July 1, 2025, by s. 30, ch. 2018-84.

¹531.65 Unauthorized use; penalties.—If a weights or measures instrument or device is used commercially without a valid commercial use permit, the department may do one or more of the following:

(1) Prohibit the further commercial use of the unpermitted instrument or device until the proper permit has been issued.

(2) Employ and attach to the instrument or device such form, notice, tag, or seal to prevent the continued unauthorized use of the instrument or device.

(3) In addition to the permit fees prescribed by rule for the commercial use of a weights and measures instrument or device, assess the late fee authorized under s. 531.62.

(4) Impose penalties as prescribed in s. 531.50 in addition to the payment of appropriate permit fees for the commercial use of a weights and measures instrument or device.

History.—ss. 38, 40, ch. 2009-66; ss. 1, 2, ch. 2013-55; ss. 36, 37, ch. 2013-251; s. 24, ch. 2016-166; s. 30, ch. 2018-84.

¹Note.—Repealed July 1, 2025, by s. 30, ch. 2018-84.

¹531.66 Forms; rules.—

(1) The department shall prescribe such forms, permits, certificates, and identification tags or stickers it considers necessary to carry out the permitting provisions of ss. 531.60-531.66.

(2) The department shall adopt rules necessary to administer ss. 531.60-531.66.

History.—ss. 39, 40, ch. 2009-66; ss. 1, 2, ch. 2013-55; ss. 36, 37, ch. 2013-251; s. 30, ch. 2018-84.

¹Note.—Repealed July 1, 2025, by s. 30, ch. 2018-84.

531.67 Expiration of sections.—Sections 531.60, 531.61, 531.62, 531.63, 531.64, 531.65, and 531.66 shall expire July 1, 2025.

History.—s. 1, ch. 2013-55; s. 36, ch. 2013-251; s. 30, ch. 2018-84.

F.S. 531 on Google Scholar

F.S. 531 on Casetext

Amendments to 531

Arrestable Offenses / Crimes under Fla. Stat. 531

Level: Degree
Misdemeanor/Felony: First/Second/Third

S468.531 1a - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - PRACTICE EMPLOYEE LEASING WO LIC - M: F

S468.531 1b - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - CONTROL EMPLOYEE LEASING COMPANY WO LIC - M: F

S468.531 1c - FRAUD-IMPERSON - USE NAME TITLE EMP LEASING WO LIC - M: F

S468.531 1d - FRAUD-IMPERSON - PRESENT AS OWN EMP LEASING LIC OF ANOTHER - M: F

S468.531 1e - FRAUD-FALSE STATEMENT - EVIDENCE TO BOARD OR MEMBER - M: F

S468.531 1e - PASS FORGED - EVIDENCE TO BOARD OR MEMBER - M: F

S468.531 1f - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - USE SUSP RVKD EMP LEASING LIC - M: F

S468.531 2 - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - VIOL EMPLOYEE LEASING REGS - M: F

S489.531 1a - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - UNREGISTERED ELECTRIC CONTRACTOR - M: F

S489.531 1a - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - UNREGIS ELECT CONTRACTOR SUBSQ OFF - F: T

S489.531 1a - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - UNREGIS ELECT CONTRACTOR ST OF EMERGENCY - F: T

S489.531 1b - FRAUD-IMPERSON - USE TITLE ELECT CONTRACTOR WO LIC REGIST - M: F

S489.531 1b - FRAUD-IMPERSON - USE TITLE ELECT CONTRACTOR WO LIC SUBSQ OFF - F: T

S489.531 1b - FRAUD-IMPERSON - USE TITLE ELECT CONTRACTOR WO LIC ST EMERGENCY - F: T

S489.531 1c - FRAUD-IMPERSON - PRESENT ELECTRIC CONTRACTOR LIC OF ANOTHER - M: F

S489.531 1c - FRAUD-IMPERSON - PRESENT ELECT CONTRACT LIC OF ANOTHR SUBSQ OFF - F: T

S489.531 1c - FRAUD-IMPERSON - PRESENT ELECT CONTRACT LIC OF ANOTH ST EMERG - F: T

S489.531 1d - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - USE SUSP RVKD INACT ELECTRIC CONTRACTOR LIC - M: F

S489.531 1d - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - USE SUSP RVKD INACT ELECT CONTR LIC SUBSQ OFF - F: T

S489.531 1d - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - USE SUSP RVKD INACT ELECT CONTR LIC ST EMERG - F: T

S489.531 1e - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - EMPLOY UNLICENSED ELECTRICAL CONTRACTOR - M: F

S489.531 1e - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - EMPLOY UNLIC ELECT CONTRACTOR SUBSQ OFF - F: T

S489.531 1e - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - EMPLOY UNLIC ELECT CONTRACTOR ST OF EMERGENCY - F: T

S489.531 1f - PASS FORGED - EVIDENCE TO DEPT BOARD MEMBER CONTRACTING LIC - M: F

S489.531 1f - FRAUD-FALSE STATEMENT - EVIDENCE TO DEPT BOARD MEMBER CONTRACTING LIC - M: F

S489.531 1f - FRAUD-FALSE STATEMENT - EVID TO DEP BRD MEMB CONTRACT LIC SUBSQ OFF - F: T

S489.531 1f - FRAUD-FALSE STATEMENT - EVID TO DEP BRD MEMB CONTRACT LIC ST OF EMERG - F: T

S489.531 1f - PASS FORGED - EVID TO DEP BRD MEMB CONTRACT LIC SUBSQ OFF - F: T

S489.531 1f - PASS FORGED - EVID TO DEP BRD MEMB CONTRACT LIC ST OF EMERG - F: T

S489.531 1g - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - OPER BUSN ELECT CONTRACTING WO QUAL AGENT - M: F

S489.531 1g - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - OPER BUSN ELECT CONTR WO QUAL AGENT SUBSQ OFF - F: T

S489.531 1g - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - OPR BUSN ELECT CONTRACT WO QUAL AGENT ST EMERG - F: T

S489.531 1h - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - CONCEAL ELECTRIC CONTRACTOR LICENSE VIOLATION - M: F

S489.531 1h - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - CONCEAL ELECT CONTRACTOR LIC VIOL SUBSQ OFF - F: T

S489.531 1h - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - CONCEAL ELECT CONTRACT LIC VIOL ST OF EMERG - F: T

S489.531 1i - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - PERFORM WORK WO BUILDING PERMIT - M: F

S489.531 1i - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - PERFORM WORK WO BUILDING PERMIT SUBSQ OFF - F: T

S489.531 1i - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - PERFORM WORK WO BLDG PRMT ST OF EMERGENCY - F: T

S489.531 1j - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - VIOL CITY COUNTY CONTRACTOR ORDINANCE - M: F

S489.531 1j - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - VIOL CITY COUNTY CONTRACTOR ORD SUBSQ OFF - F: T

S489.531 1j - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - VIOL CITY COUNTY CONTRACT ORD ST OF EMERG - F: T

S489.531 4m - RESIST OFFICER - REFUSE TO SIGN OR ACCEPT CITATION - M: S

S531.42 2 - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - REFUSE ENTRY INSPECT WEIGHTS MEASURES STAND - M: S

S531.43 - FRAUD - MISREPRESENT QUANTITY FOR SALE 1ST OFF - M: S

S531.43 - FRAUD - MISREPRESENT QUANTITY FOR SALE SUBSQ OFF - M: F

S531.44 - FRAUD - MISREPRESENT PRICE PER UNIT 1ST OFF - M: S

S531.44 - FRAUD - MISREPRESENT PRICE PER UNIT SUBSQ OFF - M: F

S531.46 - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - BULK SALE WO REQ DELIVERY TICKET 1ST OFF - M: S

S531.46 - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - BULK SALE WO REQ DELIVERY TICKET SUBSQ OFF - M: F

S531.47 - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - FAIL PUT REQ INFO ON PACKAGES FOR SALE 1ST OFF - M: S

S531.47 - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - FAIL PUT REQ INFO ON PACKG FOR SALE SUBSQ OFF - M: F

S531.50 3a - FRAUD - UNAPPROVED INCORRECT WEIGHT MEASURES SUBSQ OFF - M: F

S531.50 3a - FRAUD - UNAPPROVED INCORRECT WEIGHT MEASURES 1ST OFF - M: S

S531.50 3b - FRAUD - USE REJECTED WEIGHT MEASURES WO AUTH SUBSQ OFF - M: F

S531.50 3b - FRAUD - USE REJECTED WEIGHT MEASURES WO AUTH 1ST OFF - M: S

S531.50 3b - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - DISPOSE WEIGHT MEASURES WO AUTH SUBSQ OFF - M: F

S531.50 3b - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - DISPOSE WEIGHT MEASURES WO AUTH 1ST OFF - M: S

S531.50 3c - FRAUD - RMV REJECT MARK WGT MEASURE WO AUTH SUBSQ OFF - M: F

S531.50 3c - FRAUD - RMV REJECT MARK WEIGHT MEASURE WO AUTH 1ST OFF - M: S

S531.65 - FRAUD - USE WEIGHT MEASURE DEVICE WO COMMERCIAL PERMIT - M: S

S531.65 - FRAUD - USE WEIGH MEAS DEVICE WO COMM PERMIT SUBSQ OFF - M: F

Annotations, Discussions, Cases:

Cases from cite.case.law:

CALVARY CHAPEL DAYTON VALLEY v. SISOLAK,, 140 S. Ct. 2603 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Hialeah , 508 U.S. 520, 531, 113 S.Ct. 2217, 124 L.Ed.2d 472 (1993). . . .

LITTLE SISTERS OF THE POOR SAINTS PETER AND PAUL HOME, v. PENNSYLVANIA, J. v., 140 S. Ct. 2367 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Commissioner , 531 U.S. 206, 220, 121 S.Ct. 701, 148 L.Ed.2d 613 (2001). . . .

UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE, v. BOOKING. COM B. V., 140 S. Ct. 2298 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Regis Publications, Inc. , 531 F.2d 11, 13 (CA2 1975) (Friendly, J.). The reason is simple. . . .

AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, v. ALLIANCE FOR OPEN SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL, INC., 140 S. Ct. 2082 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Velazquez , 531 U.S. 533, 546, 121 S.Ct. 1043, 149 L.Ed.2d 63 (2001) (observing that organizational affiliates . . . Velazquez , 531 U.S. at 546, 121 S.Ct. 1043. . . . at 544, 103 S.Ct. 1997 (similar); Rust , 500 U.S. at 196-198, 111 S.Ct. 1759 (similar); Velazquez , 531 . . .

JUNE MEDICAL SERVICES L. L. C. v. RUSSO, v. LLC., 140 S. Ct. 2103 (U.S. 2020)

. . . VII, Arts. 531-536 (1859); 1867 Vt. Acts & Resolves no. 57, §§ 1, 3, pp. 64-66; 1848 Va. Acts, Tit. . . .

SEILA LAW LLC, v. CONSUMER FINANCIAL PROTECTION BUREAU, 140 S. Ct. 2183 (U.S. 2020)

. . . American Trucking Assns. , Inc., 531 U.S. 457, 472, 121 S.Ct. 903, 149 L.Ed.2d 1 (2001), and it cannot . . .

C. LIU, v. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION, 140 S. Ct. 1936 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Carson , 4 Cranch 2, 21, 2 L.Ed. 531 (1807) (holding that an order requiring restitution could not apply . . .

DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, v. REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, J. v., 140 S. Ct. 1891 (U.S. 2020)

. . . American Trucking Assns. , Inc., 531 U.S. 457, 468, 121 S.Ct. 903, 149 L.Ed.2d 1 (2001). . . .

BOSTOCK, v. CLAYTON COUNTY, GEORGIA v. Jr. Co- R. G. G. R. v., 140 S. Ct. 1731 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Virginia , 518 U.S. 515, 531-533, 116 S.Ct. 2264, 135 L.Ed.2d 735 (1996) ; J. E. B. v. . . . American Trucking Assns. , Inc., 531 U.S. 457, 468, 121 S.Ct. 903, 149 L.Ed.2d 1 (2001). . . .

UNITED STATES FOREST SERVICE, v. COWPASTURE RIVER PRESERVATION ASSOCIATION LLC, v., 140 S. Ct. 1837 (U.S. 2020)

. . . American Trucking Assns. , Inc. , 531 U.S. 457, 468, 121 S.Ct. 903, 149 L.Ed.2d 1 (2001) ). . . .

J. LOMAX, v. ORTIZ- MARQUEZ,, 140 S. Ct. 1721 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Price , 531 F.3d 1146, 1154 (CA9 2008) ; Day v. . . .

FINANCIAL OVERSIGHT AND MANAGEMENT BOARD FOR PUERTO RICO, v. AURELIUS INVESTMENT, LLC, LLC, III v. LLC, v. LLC, n De De La El Y v., 140 S. Ct. 1649 (U.S. 2020)

. . . American Trucking Assns. , Inc., 531 U.S. 457, 472, 121 S.Ct. 903, 149 L.Ed.2d 1 (2001) ; Department . . .

BANISTER, v. DAVIS,, 140 S. Ct. 1698 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Id. , at 531, 125 S.Ct. 2641 (internal quotation marks omitted). . . . Bennett , 531 U.S. 4, 121 S.Ct. 361, 148 L.Ed.2d 213 (2000), that an application is commonly regarded . . .

SOUTH BAY UNITED PENTECOSTAL CHURCH, v. NEWSOM,, 140 S. Ct. 1613 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Lukumi , 508 U.S. at 531-532, 113 S.Ct. 2217. . . .

KELLY, v. UNITED STATES, 140 S. Ct. 1565 (U.S. 2020)

. . . United States , 531 U.S. 12, 26, 121 S.Ct. 365, 148 L.Ed.2d 221 (2000). . . . See Cleveland , 531 U.S. at 23, 121 S.Ct. 365. . . . the result would be-as Cleveland recognized-"a sweeping expansion of federal criminal jurisdiction." 531 . . .

BARTON, v. P. BARR,, 140 S. Ct. 1442 (U.S. 2020)

. . . context does not refer to an actual adjudication of inadmissibility, see Demore , 538 U.S. at 513, 531 . . .

COUNTY OF MAUI, HAWAII, v. HAWAII WILDLIFE FUND,, 140 S. Ct. 1462 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Army Corps of Engineers , 531 U.S. 159, 174, 121 S.Ct. 675, 148 L.Ed.2d 576 (2001) ( SWANCC ), and when . . .

ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY, v. A. CHRISTIAN,, 140 S. Ct. 1335 (U.S. 2020)

. . . American Trucking Assns. , Inc., 531 U.S. 457, 468, 121 S.Ct. 903, 149 L.Ed.2d 1 (2001). . . .

RAMOS, v. LOUISIANA, 140 S. Ct. 1390 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Id. , at 531, 533-536, 95 S.Ct. 692. . . .

KANSAS, v. GARCIA v. v., 140 S. Ct. 791 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Plaintiffs' Legal Comm. , 531 U.S. 341, 121 S.Ct. 1012, 148 L.Ed.2d 854 (2001), and Wisconsin Dept. of . . . threatened serious disruption of the sensitive and highly technical process of approving medical devices. 531 . . . Plaintiffs' Legal Comm. , 531 U.S. 341, 347-350, 121 S.Ct. 1012, 148 L.Ed.2d 854 (2001) (rejecting claims . . .

INTEL CORPORATION INVESTMENT POLICY COMMITTEE, v. M. SULYMA, 140 S. Ct. 768 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Resolution Trust Corporation , 511 U.S. 531, 537, 114 S.Ct. 1757, 128 L.Ed.2d 556 (1994) (internal quotation . . .

LEVIN, v. JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N. A., 140 S. Ct. 853 (U.S. 2020)

. . . No. 19-531 Supreme Court of the United States. . . .

ELHADY, v. H. KABLE,, 391 F. Supp. 3d 562 (E.D. Va. 2019)

. . . Supp. 2d at 531. . . .

UNITED STATES v. LILLARD,, 935 F.3d 827 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Trucking Ass'ns Inc. , 531 U.S. 457, 466, 121 S.Ct. 903, 149 L.Ed.2d 1 (2001) ); see also Mont v. . . .

G. STEPHENS v. UNION PACIFIC RAILROAD COMPANY, a, 935 F.3d 852 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Idaho Dep't of Highways , 96 Idaho 529, 531 P.2d 1174, 1176-77 (1975) (affirming summary judgment because . . .

EDMO, v. CORIZON, INC. Al v. Al, 935 F.3d 757 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Village of Gambell , 480 U.S. 531, 546 n.12, 107 S.Ct. 1396, 94 L.Ed.2d 542 (1987), so there is no concern . . .

DYROFF, v. ULTIMATE SOFTWARE GROUP, INC., 934 F.3d 1093 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . App. 4th 521, 531, 107 Cal.Rptr.3d 481 (2010). . . .

BACA v. COLORADO DEPARTMENT OF STATE, G. T. L. M., 935 F.3d 887 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Gore , 531 U.S. 98, 104, 121 S.Ct. 525, 148 L.Ed.2d 388 (2000). . . . Bush , 531 U.S. at 104, 121 S.Ct. 525 ; see also McPherson , 146 U.S. at 35, 13 S.Ct. 3 ("In short, the . . . . 2 ("Each State shall appoint, in such Manner as the Legislature thereof may direct ...."); Bush , 531 . . . Bush , 531 U.S. at 104, 121 S.Ct. 525. . . .

PARKER, v. LANDRY,, 935 F.3d 9 (1st Cir. 2019)

. . . Auth., 531 F.3d 104, 107 (1st Cir. 2008). . . . See Pérez-Sánchez, 531 F.3d at 107. . . .

UNITED STATES v. CUEVAS- LOPEZ,, 934 F.3d 1056 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Chea , 231 F.3d 531, 536 n.1 (9th Cir. 2000) (citation omitted); see also Stinson , 508 U.S. at 42, 113 . . . Martinez-Varela , 531 F.3d 298 (4th Cir. 2008). . . . Martinez-Varela , 531 F.3d at 299. . . . Martinez-Varela , 531 F.3d 298 (4th Cir. 2008) and United States v. . . .

BOWLES, v. DESANTIS,, 934 F.3d 1230 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Trucking Ass'n, 531 U.S. 457, 468, 121 S.Ct. 903, 149 L.Ed.2d 1 (2001), we doubt that it meant to use . . .

R. MEIER v. ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, CITY OF s St. H. St. St. St. St. G. a St. St. P. O. DSN, 934 F.3d 824 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Athletic Ass'n, 531 U.S. 288, 295, 121 S.Ct. 924, 148 L.Ed.2d 807 (2001) ). . . .

UNITED STATES v. CANO,, 934 F.3d 1002 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Montoya de Hernandez , 473 U.S. 531, 105 S.Ct. 3304, 87 L.Ed.2d 381 (1985). . . .

PASSARO, Jr. v. VIRGINIA, 935 F.3d 243 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Garrett , 531 U.S. 356, 121 S.Ct. 955, 148 L.Ed.2d 866 (2001). . . .

UNITED STATES v. BROWN,, 935 F.3d 43 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Jones , 531 F.3d 163, 181-83 (2d Cir. 2008) (uncertainty concerning sentencing judge's "understanding . . .

BOXILL, v. P. O GRADY E. E. T., 935 F.3d 510 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . City of Memphis , 695 F.3d 531, 545 (6th Cir. 2012) )). . . .

MEJIA- RAMOS, v. P. BARR,, 934 F.3d 789 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Mukasey, 531 F.3d 624, 627 (8th Cir. 2008). . . . Mukasey, 531 F.3d 584, 587 (8th Cir. 2008) (quoting Salkeld v. . . . Holder, 685 F.3d 707, 711 (8th Cir. 2012) (quoting Al Yatim, 531 F.3d at 587 ). . . . Al Yatim, 531 F.3d at 587. " 'Persecution is an extreme concept' that 'does not include low-level intimidation . . .

UNITED STATES v. NORMAN,, 935 F.3d 232 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Velazquez , 531 U.S. 533, 557, 121 S.Ct. 1043, 149 L.Ed.2d 63 (2001) (Scalia, J., dissenting) (explaining . . . controlled substance offense was "not raised, not argued, and hence not analyzed" in Kennedy , Velazquez , 531 . . .

UNITED STATES v. C. BROWN, v. N., 934 F.3d 1278 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Woodard , 531 F.3d 1352, 1364 (11th Cir. 2008) ; a decision not to hold an evidentiary hearing to investigate . . . Bush , 727 F.3d 1308, 1320 (11th Cir. 2013) ; Woodard , 531 F.3d at 1364 ). . . .

GOLDEN v. NEW JERSEY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY v., 934 F.3d 302 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Plaintiffs' Legal Committee , 531 U.S. 341, 347-48, 121 S.Ct. 1012, 148 L.Ed.2d 854 (2001), from interfering . . .

ARCHER AND WHITE SALES, INCORPORATED, v. HENRY SCHEIN, INCORPORATED L. L. C. L. L. C., 935 F.3d 274 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Id. at 531 (quoting First Options of Chi., Inc. v. . . . Ct. at 531. Id. (quoting First Options , 514 U.S. at 944, 115 S.Ct. 1920 ). See, e.g. , Moses H. . . .

JEFFERIES, v. UNC REGIONAL PHYSICIANS PEDIATRICS, 392 F. Supp. 3d 620 (M.D.N.C. 2019)

. . . Purnell, 652 F.3d 524, 531 (4th Cir. 2011) (en banc). . . .

LATURNER, v. UNITED STATES,, 933 F.3d 1354 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Lockheed Martin Corp. , 531 U.S. 497, 503-04, 121 S.Ct. 1021, 149 L.Ed.2d 32 (2001) (noting that if state . . .

J. BAUWENS, v. REVCON TECHNOLOGY GROUP, INC., 935 F.3d 534 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Buck Consultants, Inc. , 923 F.2d 531, 541 (7th Cir. 1991) (refusing to create federal common law when . . .

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR GUN RIGHTS, INC. v. MANGAN, G. J., 933 F.3d 1102 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Brewer , 531 F.3d 1028 (9th Cir. 2008), for example, reviewed an Arizona requirement that circulators . . . Nader , 531 F.3d. at 1036. . . .

DEAR, v. Q CLUB HOTEL, LLC, v. Q LLC,, 933 F.3d 1286 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Trucking Ass'ns , 531 U.S. 457, 468, 121 S.Ct. 903, 149 L.Ed.2d 1 (2001). . . .

IN RE TOLIVER,, 603 B.R. 420 (Bankr. E.D. Wis. 2019)

. . . In re Fayson , 573 B.R. 531, 535 (Bankr. D. Del. 2017). . . .

LAVALLEE, v. MED- SOLUTIONS, LLC,, 932 F.3d 1049 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Davis , 531 U.S. 230, 244 n.6, 121 S.Ct. 714, 148 L.Ed.2d 635 (2001) ; Sanders v. . . .

DUMONT, v. REILY FOODS COMPANY, 934 F.3d 35 (1st Cir. 2019)

. . . Plaintiffs' Legal Committee, 531 U.S. 341, 121 S.Ct. 1012, 148 L.Ed.2d 854 (2001). . . .

WINDRIDGE OF NAPERVILLE CONDOMINIUM ASSOCIATION, v. PHILADELPHIA INDEMNITY INSURANCE COMPANY,, 932 F.3d 1035 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Randolph , 531 U.S. 79, 89, 121 S.Ct. 513, 148 L.Ed.2d 373 (2000). . . .

J. MAPES, v. INDIANA,, 932 F.3d 968 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Lane , 541 U.S. 509, 531-34, 124 S.Ct. 1978, 158 L.Ed.2d 820 (2004). . . .

SINKLER, v. A. BERRYHILL,, 932 F.3d 83 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Astrue , 705 F.3d 527, 531 (5th Cir. 2013) ; Bergen v. Comm'r of Soc. . . .

JONES, v. A. BERRYHILL,, 392 F. Supp. 3d 831 (M.D. Tenn. 2019)

. . . App'x 531, 535 (6th Cir. 2019). . . . Sec'y of Health & Human Servs. , 667 F.2d 524, 531 (6th Cir. 1981). . . .

VIRNETX INC. v. APPLE INC., 931 F.3d 1363 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . United States , 423 U.S. 325, 96 S.Ct. 579, 46 L.Ed.2d 531 (1976) (noting the distinction that "appeals . . .

K. W. P. By v. KANSAS CITY PUBLIC SCHOOLS In In, 931 F.3d 813 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Servs ., 583 F.3d 522, 531 (8th Cir. 2009) (en banc). . . .

VIEIRA, v. MENTOR WORLDWIDE, LLC LLC LLC, 392 F. Supp. 3d 1117 (C.D. Cal. 2019)

. . . Plaintiffs' Legal Comm. , 531 U.S. 341, 349 n. 4, 121 S.Ct. 1012, 148 L.Ed.2d 854 (2001). . . .

IN RE HOUSTON REGIONAL SPORTS NETWORK, L. P. s, 603 B.R. 804 (Bankr. S.D. Tex. 2019)

. . . In re Houston Reg'l Sports Network, L.P. , 886 F.3d at 531. . . .

BRAKEBILL v. JAEGER,, 932 F.3d 671 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Gore, 531 U.S. 98, 104, 121 S.Ct. 525, 148 L.Ed.2d 388 (2000). . . .

NOVAK, v. CITY OF PARMA, 932 F.3d 421 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Roane Cty. , 534 F.3d 531, 538 (6th Cir. 2008) (noting that an appeal of a denial of qualified immunity . . .

CHRONIS, v. UNITED STATES, 932 F.3d 544 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . (quoting Kanar , 118 F.3d at 531 ); see also Khan v. . . . See Kanar , 118 F.3d at 531. . . . Id. at 531. . . .

AL- BALUCHI a k a v. T. ESPER,, 392 F. Supp. 3d 46 (D.D.C. 2019)

. . . Rumsfeld, 542 U.S. 507, 531, 124 S.Ct. 2633, 159 L.Ed.2d 578 (2004) ). . . .

UNITED STATES v. DOE,, 932 F.3d 279 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Crosby , 545 U.S. 524, 531-32, 125 S.Ct. 2641, 162 L.Ed.2d 480 (2005) (holding state prisoners cannot . . .

IN RE BELMONTE, D. v. P. A., 931 F.3d 147 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Corp.) , 229 B.R. 496, 531 (Bankr. S.D. . . . (citing Feltman, 229 B.R. at 531 ); Burtrum v. Laughlin (In re Laughlin) , 18 B.R. 778, 781 (Bankr. . . .

FACIANE, v. SUN LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY OF CANADA,, 931 F.3d 412 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Plan for Union Emps. , 547 F.3d 531, 538 (6th Cir. 2008) ("clear and unequivocal repudiation"); Miller . . .

PLANNED PARENTHOOD SOUTHWEST OHIO REGION v. DEWINE, 931 F.3d 530 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Strickland , 531 F.3d 406, 412 (6th Cir. 2008) ( Strickland I ). . . .

ADVANCE CONVEYING TECHNOLOGIES, LLC v. LEMARTEC CORPORATION, 931 F.3d 715 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . (citing In re Estate of Kokjohn, 531 N.W.2d 99, 100-01 (Iowa 1995) (per curiam)). . . .

U. S. COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION, v. MONEX CREDIT COMPANY, 931 F.3d 966 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Trucking Ass'ns , 531 U.S. 457, 468, 121 S.Ct. 903, 149 L.Ed.2d 1 (2001). . . .

IN RE CA SILVERMAN,, 603 B.R. 498 (Bankr. N.M. 2019)

. . . Miller, Federal Practice and Procedure § 2865, at 531 (3d ed. 2007) ("[O]ne who is in privity with a . . .

EAST BAY SANCTUARY COVENANT, v. BARR,, 385 F. Supp. 3d 922 (N.D. Cal. 2019)

. . . Davis , 531 U.S. 230, 243-44, 121 S.Ct. 714, 148 L.Ed.2d 635 (2001), and R-S-C- v. . . .

EDWARDS, v. PENIX, 388 F. Supp. 3d 135 (N.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . App'x 531 (2d Cir. 2019) (summary order). " '[S]tandard analysis under that provision proceeds in two . . .

RODRIGUEZ v. CITY OF SAN JOSE, 930 F.3d 1123 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Erickson , 991 F.2d 529, 531-32 (9th Cir. 1993) (holding that the "community caretaking function ... . . .

UNITED STATES v. IWAI,, 930 F.3d 1141 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . See Dennis , 115 F.3d at 531 ("[W]here nothing in the record indicates that the contraband might not . . . Dennis , 115 F.3d at 531 ; United States v. . . .

UNITED STATES v. LINDSAY,, 931 F.3d 852 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . App'x 531 (9th Cir. 2018). . . .

BETHESDA HEALTH, INC. v. M. AZAR II,, 389 F. Supp. 3d 32 (D.D.C. 2019)

. . . Leavitt , 531 F.3d 844, 846 (D.C. Cir. 2008). B. . . . See Cookeville , 531 F.3d at 848. . . . See Cookeville , 531 F.3d at 848 ("Plausibly, the 'to the extent' language is a grant of discretion to . . .

CHOW, v. WASHINGTON METROPOLITAN AREA TRANSIT AUTHORITY,, 391 F. Supp. 3d 37 (D.D.C. 2019)

. . . United States , 486 U.S. 531, 536, 108 S.Ct. 1954, 100 L.Ed.2d 531 (1988) ). . . .

UNITED STATES v. MYERS,, 930 F.3d 1113 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Id. at 531, 92 S.Ct. 2182. . . . Barker , 407 U.S. at 531, 92 S.Ct. 2182. . . . Barker , 407 U.S. at 531, 92 S.Ct. 2182. . . . Barker , 407 U.S. at 531-32, 92 S.Ct. 2182. . . . Id. at 531, 92 S.Ct. 2182. . . .

IN RE HANNA, DMM s, v., 603 B.R. 571 (Bankr. S.D. Tex. 2019)

. . . Bentley (In re Bentley), 531 B.R. 671, 688 (Bankr. S.D. . . . In re Luppino, 221 B.R. at 701 ; see also In re Bentley, 531 B.R. at 688 ("Fraud by non-disclosure is . . .

UNITED STATES v. MOODY, v., 930 F.3d 991 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Tabor , 531 F.3d 688, 692 (8th Cir. 2008). . . .

ASSOCIATION FOR COMMUNITY AFFILIATED PLANS, v. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF TREASURY,, 392 F. Supp. 3d 22 (D.D.C. 2019)

. . . Trucking Ass'ns, 531 U.S. 457, 468, 121 S.Ct. 903, 149 L.Ed.2d 1 (2001). . . . conferred authority to render voluntary the otherwise mandatory requirement to file tariffs); Whitman, 531 . . .

IN RE TRONOX, v. LLP D. A., 603 B.R. 712 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . Supp. 2d 531, 533 (S.D.N.Y. 2000). . . . Supp. 2d 531, 533 (S.D.N.Y. 2000). . . .

PIERRE- PAUL, v. P. BARR, U. S., 930 F.3d 684 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Dec. 520, 531 (BIA 2019) (declining to interpret § 1229(a) as requiring a single document). . . .

BORCHENKO v. L OREAL USA, INC., 389 F. Supp. 3d 769 (C.D. Cal. 2019)

. . . Plaintiffs' Legal Committee , 531 U.S. 341, 350, 121 S.Ct. 1012, 148 L.Ed.2d 854 (2001) ] )." . . .

EBBE, v. CONCORDE INVESTMENT SERVICES, LLC G. M. a k a M., 392 F. Supp. 3d 228 (D. Mass. 2019)

. . . Mscisz, 531 F.3d 68, 79 (1st Cir. 2008) (finding manifest disregard of the law where the arbitration . . .

E. A. J. A. A. v. K. GARDNER,, 929 F.3d 922 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . -15, 289 Ill.Dec. 218, 819 N.E.2d 714 (2004) ; In re Andrea F. , 208 Ill. 2d 148, 165, 280 Ill.Dec. 531 . . . Switzer , 562 U.S. 521, 531-33 & nn. 10-11, 131 S.Ct. 1289, 179 L.Ed.2d 233 (2011). . . .

In CRANBERRY GROWERS COOPERATIVE, v. S. LAYNG,, 930 F.3d 844 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . as well as payments made on revolving lines of credit, see In re Fabricators Supply, Inc. , 292 B.R. 531 . . . In re Fabricators Supply, Inc. , 292 B.R. 531, 532 (Bankr. D.N.J. 2003). Appellee's Br. 33. . . .

UNITED STATES v. C. SCHMIDT,, 930 F.3d 858 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Fell , 531 F.3d 197, 229-30 (2d Cir. 2008) (concluding that evidence of defendant's interest in multiple . . .

E. JACOB, MD, v. MENTOR WORLDWIDE, LLC,, 389 F. Supp. 3d 1024 (M.D. Fla. 2019)

. . . Plaintiffs' Legal Comm., 531 U.S. 341, 121 S.Ct. 1012, 148 L.Ed.2d 854 (2001)." . . . Plaintiffs' Legal Comm., 531 U.S. 341, 121 S.Ct. 1012, 148 L.Ed.2d 854 (2001) ( 21 U.S.C. § 337(a) "leaves . . .

COTTO L PEZ, v. UNI N DE TRABAJADORES DE LA INDUSTRIA EL CTRICA Y RIEGO, X, Y, Z A, B, C, 392 F. Supp. 3d 263 (D. P.R. 2019)

. . . . §§ 401 - 531, or section 1983 of chapter 42 of the United States Code ("Section 1983"). . . . Auth., 531 F.3d 104, 107 (1st Cir. 2008). . . . Laws Ann. tit. 31, § 5298(2) ; Pérez-Sanchéz, 531 F.3d at 107. . . . See Pérez-Sanchéz, 531 F.3d at 107. . . .

R. BRADLEY, v. VILLAGE OF UNIVERSITY PARK, ILLINOIS,, 929 F.3d 875 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . City of Chicago , 296 F.3d 531, 535, 537, 539-40 (7th Cir. 2002) (city employees damaged and stole from . . .

WESTERN WATERSHEDS PROJECT, v. BERNHARDT,, 392 F. Supp. 3d 1225 (D. Or. 2019)

. . . Vill. of Gambell , 480 U.S. 531, 545, 107 S.Ct. 1396, 94 L.Ed.2d 542 (1987). . . .

SHOCKLEY, v. PRIMELENDING, a, 929 F.3d 1012 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Fahnestock , 531 S.W.3d 36, 50 (Mo. 2017) (en banc). . . . Pinkerton , 531 S.W.3d at 50. A. . . .

RIOS, v. JENKINS,, 390 F. Supp. 3d 714 (W.D. Va. 2019)

. . . Hyung Joon Kim, 538 U.S. 510, 531, 123 S.Ct. 1708, 155 L.Ed.2d 724 (2003) ; see also Arizona, 567 U.S . . .

RICHARDSON, v. THOMAS,, 930 F.3d 587 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Id. at 531, 125 S.Ct. 2641 (quoting Fed. R. Civ. P. 60(b)(6) ). . . . Id. at 531, 125 S.Ct. 2641. . . . Id. at 531, 125 S.Ct. 2641 (citing 28 U.S.C. § 2244(b)(2) ). . . . Gonzalez, 545 U.S. at 531, 125 S.Ct. 2641 (emphasis added). . . . Id. at 531-32, 125 S.Ct. 2641 (internal quotation marks omitted). . . .

K. B. BY AND THROUGH QASSIS v. METHODIST HEALTHCARE MEMPHIS HOSPITALS, Le s, 929 F.3d 795 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . See Lone Star , 579 F.3d at 531 ("[Plaintiff's] claims are entirely separate from coverage and arise . . .

CONROY, v. THOMPSON,, 929 F.3d 818 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Dittmann , 904 F.3d 525, 531 (7th Cir. 2018) (quoting Obriecht v. . . . See Mayberry , 904 F.3d at 531 ("[A]lthough [the petitioner's] mental limitations undoubtedly made filing . . .

UNITED STATES v. PETRUK, v., 929 F.3d 952 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Comstock, 531 F.3d 667, 675 (8th Cir. 2008) ; United States v. . . . See Comstock, 531 F.3d at 675-78 ; Gonzalez-Rodriguez, 239 F.3d at 951. . . .

REINALT- THOMAS CORPORATION, d b a v. MAVIS TIRE SUPPLY, LLC,, 391 F. Supp. 3d 1261 (N.D. Ga. 2019)

. . . Super Duck Tours, LLC , 531 F.3d 1, 14 (1st Cir. 2008). . . . Duck Tours, LP , 531 F.3d at 21 (noting that trademark law "is not intended to prevent confusion between . . .

UNITED STATES v. WILLIAMS,, 930 F.3d 44 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Edmond , 531 U.S. 32, 48, 121 S.Ct. 447, 148 L.Ed.2d 333 (2000) ("[W]e caution that the purpose inquiry . . . general interest in crime control.' " Brigham City , 547 U.S. at 405, 126 S.Ct. 1943 (quoting Edmond , 531 . . .

UNITED STATES v. FIGUEROA- FIGUEROA,, 388 F. Supp. 3d 70 (D. P.R. 2019)

. . . Peltier, 422 U.S. 531, 542, 95 S.Ct. 2313, 45 L.Ed.2d 374 (1975). . . .

REID v. DONELAN,, 390 F. Supp. 3d 201 (D. Mass. 2019)

. . . Id. at 526, 531, 123 S.Ct. 1708. . . . Demore, 538 U.S. at 513, 123 S.Ct. 1708 ; see also id. at 531, 123 S.Ct. 1708 (upholding the petitioner's . . . removal decision within a brief period of time," Reid, 819 F.3d at 499 (citing Demore, 538 U.S. at 531 . . .