The 2023 Florida Statutes (including Special Session C)

Title XXXIII
REGULATION OF TRADE, COMMERCE, INVESTMENTS, AND SOLICITATIONS

Chapter 519
EQUITY EXCHANGES

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CHAPTER 519

EQUITY EXCHANGES

519.101 Florida equity exchange feasibility study; structure, operation, and regulation.

519.101 Florida equity exchange feasibility study; structure, operation, and regulation.—

(1) There may be created one or more Florida equity exchanges, with one or more offices each, upon a determination by the Office of Financial Regulation of the Financial Services Commission that each such exchange has a reasonable promise of successful operation, will promote economic development, will produce net economic benefits in the state, and will not expose the public to undue risk of financial loss. This determination shall be based on the results of a feasibility study concerning the possible structure, operation, and regulation of each such exchange, to be carried out under the supervision of the office. Said feasibility study shall evaluate to what extent securities laws may limit the transferability of investments in which any exchange would deal; to what extent companies financed through securities in which the exchange would deal would prefer a stable group of investors; to what extent the particular investment objectives of potential participants in any exchange might be inconsistent with an exchange operation; and the possibility that the frequency of investment opportunities of the type in which an exchange would deal would be too low to economically operate any exchange. The determination of the office shall constitute a final order as defined in s. 120.52 and shall be subject to the provisions of chapter 120. Nothing in this section, however, shall be construed to require the expenditure of state funds for the purpose of conducting any such feasibility study. For the purposes of this section, the term “exchange” shall apply to any such Florida equity exchange proposed or created under this section.

(2) The purpose of the exchange shall be to provide a marketplace for the negotiation, arrangement, exchange, sale, purchase, brokerage, syndication, and underwriting, and all activities incidental thereto, of investment opportunities, in an institutionalized and, to the maximum extent possible, self-regulated fashion.

(3) Within 30 days following such determination, a committee shall be appointed to write the constitution and bylaws of the exchange. The office may provide technical assistance to the committee on the development of the constitution and bylaws of the exchange. The committee shall consist of 15 members, 11 members to be appointed by the Governor, 2 members to be appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives, and 2 members to be appointed by the President of the Senate. The chair shall be elected by a majority of the committee. The committee shall transmit such proposed constitution, bylaws, and other recommendations for the approval of the office no later than 90 days following the first meeting of the committee. In reviewing the constitution and the bylaws of the exchange, as well as any other recommendations made to the office by the committee, the office shall consider whether such constitution, bylaws, and recommendations are reasonably consistent with the public interest and the efficient functioning of the exchange. The office shall approve the constitution and bylaws of the exchange if he or she finds that they specifically describe the types of business that the exchange will conduct, that such business activities are not inconsistent with state or federal law, that the form of business organization of the exchange complies with statutory requirements, and that the interest of owners or members of the exchange would be adequately protected. The submission of the proposed constitution and bylaws to the office shall be deemed an application for a license and shall be subject to the provisions of s. 120.80(9).

(4) The exchange shall have full authority to function 60 days after its constitution and bylaws are approved by the office. The initial Board of Governors of the exchange shall consist of the members of the committee who shall serve until the first election pursuant to the constitution and bylaws. If the constitution and bylaws are disapproved by the office, the committee, in consultation with the office, shall have 60 days from the date of such disapproval within which to submit an acceptable constitution and bylaws.

(5) The constitution and bylaws of the exchange shall include provision that:

(a) There shall be no less than 9 nor more than 15 governors of the exchange, at least one-third of whom shall not be members of the exchange.

(b) The principal offices of each exchange and the principal offices of its members shall be located within this state for the purpose of conducting the type of business described in subsection (2). Any exchange may have such other offices around the state as it deems necessary from time to time, subject to a determination by the office that such additional offices will be necessary for the efficient operation of the exchange and will be in the public interest.

(c) All members and applicants for membership on the exchange shall submit all financial information reasonably required by the office.

(d) The exchange shall establish or participate in a security fund which shall be capitalized or underwritten in such form and amount as will reasonably protect persons transacting business through the exchange from any harm or loss occasioned by the insolvency of any member of the exchange. The formation of such security fund and the adequacy of the financial security provided thereby shall be subject to the approval of the Office of Financial Regulation based upon the types and amounts of transactions effected through the facilities of the exchange.

(e) Rules shall be adopted prescribing eligibility for membership and the voting power, duties, and rights to participate in the conduct and management of the affairs of the exchange by the members thereof, such rights and duties to include, without limitation, the manner and form of conducting business, financial stability requirements, dues, membership fees, resolution of dispute mechanisms, and all other matters necessary or appropriate to conduct any business permitted herein; however, such rules shall not impose any limit on the number of members of any such exchange. Any amendments to the constitution and bylaws shall be subject to the approval of the office.

(f) Elections to the Board of Governors of the exchange shall be held once every 2 years, with those persons receiving the greatest number of votes cast being elected thereto.

(6) If the exchange contemplated by this section is established, the office shall furnish the chairs of the finance and taxation committees of the Legislature with copies of its constitution and bylaws. Upon receipt of the constitution and bylaws, the Legislature shall consider what tax policy and tax exemptions are needed to facilitate successful operation of the exchange.

(7) If the exchange contemplated by this section is finally established, the Financial Services Commission shall forthwith adopt rules providing for the reimbursement by the exchange or any member thereof of the actual costs incurred by the office in connection with the regulation and supervision of the exchange. As used in this section, “actual costs” means all direct and indirect costs and expenses incurred by the office in connection with the exchange including, without limitation, general administrative costs, travel expenses, salaries, and other benefits given to persons involved in the regulation and supervision of the exchange. The office shall have the power to make any allocations that are deemed reasonable and necessary and may require the exchange or any members to pay interim assessments related to estimated final assessments.

(8) The Florida securities laws and rules shall apply to the exchange and to its members.

(9) The Financial Services Commission may establish limitations on investments in members of the exchange by any person or company, consistent with the public interest and the efficient functioning of the exchange.

History.—s. 2, ch. 86-152; s. 2, ch. 86-180; s. 2, ch. 86-218; s. 38, ch. 91-220; s. 245, ch. 96-410; s. 1171, ch. 97-103; s. 618, ch. 2003-261.

F.S. 519 on Google Scholar

F.S. 519 on Casetext

Amendments to 519

Arrestable Offenses / Crimes under Fla. Stat. 519

Level: Degree
Misdemeanor/Felony: First/Second/Third

S497.519 - FRAUD-FALSE STATEMENT - REPEALED 2004-301 - F: T

S497.519 - EMBEZZLE - REPEALED 2004-301 - F: T

S497.519 - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - REPEALED 2004-301 - M: S

Annotations, Discussions, Cases:

Cases from cite.case.law:

LITTLE SISTERS OF THE POOR SAINTS PETER AND PAUL HOME, v. PENNSYLVANIA, J. v., 140 S. Ct. 2367 (U.S. 2020)

. . . . ----, 140 S.Ct. 918, 205 L.Ed.2d 519 (2020). . . . Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. , 435 U.S. 519, 524, 98 S.Ct. 1197, 55 L.Ed.2d 460 (1978) ). . . .

B. CHIAFALO, v. WASHINGTON, 140 S. Ct. 2316 (U.S. 2020)

. . . . ----, 140 S.Ct. 918, 205 L.Ed.2d 519 (2020). . . .

AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, v. ALLIANCE FOR OPEN SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL, INC., 140 S. Ct. 2082 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Raines , 362 U.S. 17, 21, 80 S.Ct. 519, 4 L.Ed.2d 524 (1960) ; Liverpool , New York & Philadelphia S. . . .

JUNE MEDICAL SERVICES L. L. C. v. RUSSO, v. LLC., 140 S. Ct. 2103 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Tesmer , 543 U.S. 125, 130, 125 S.Ct. 564, 160 L.Ed.2d 519 (2004). . . . Tracy , 519 U.S. 278, 307-309, 117 S.Ct. 811, 136 L.Ed.2d 761 (1997). . . . Tesmer , 543 U.S. 125, 135, 125 S.Ct. 564, 160 L.Ed.2d 519 (2004) (THOMAS, J., concurring) (citing Clark . . . Tesmer , 543 U.S. 125, 129-130, 125 S.Ct. 564, 160 L.Ed.2d 519 (2004) ; see also Powers v. . . . S. 125, 125 S.Ct. 564, 160 L.Ed.2d 519, we refined our rule for third-party standing, and in Newdow , . . . Doe , 432 U.S. 519, 97 S.Ct. 2391, 53 L.Ed.2d 528 (1977) (per curiam ); H. L. v. Matheson , 450 U. . . . Tesmer , 543 U.S. 125, 129, 125 S.Ct. 564, 160 L.Ed.2d 519 (2004) (quoting Warth v. . . . Akron Center for Reproductive Health , 497 U.S. 502, 510-519, 110 S.Ct. 2972, 111 L.Ed.2d 405 (1990) . . .

SEILA LAW LLC, v. CONSUMER FINANCIAL PROTECTION BUREAU, 140 S. Ct. 2183 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Sebelius , 567 U.S. 519, 549, 132 S.Ct. 2566, 183 L.Ed.2d 450 (2012). . . .

C. LIU, v. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION, 140 S. Ct. 1936 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Terry , 494 U.S. 558, 570, 110 S.Ct. 1339, 108 L.Ed.2d 519 (1990) ("characteriz[ing] damages as equitable . . .

DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, v. REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, J. v., 140 S. Ct. 1891 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. , 435 U.S. 519, 551, 98 S.Ct. 1197, 55 L.Ed.2d 460 (1978). . . . DACA received reaffirmation by [DHS] as recently as three months before the rescission," 908 F.3d at 519 . . . DAPA's legal defects, DHS's decision to reevaluate DACA was not a "strange about-face." 908 F.3d at 519 . . .

BOSTOCK, v. CLAYTON COUNTY, GEORGIA v. Jr. Co- R. G. G. R. v., 140 S. Ct. 1731 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Wells , 519 U.S. 482, 496, 117 S.Ct. 921, 137 L.Ed.2d 107 (1997) ; Sullivan v. . . .

UNITED STATES, v. SINENENG- SMITH, 140 S. Ct. 1575 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Raines , 362 U.S. 17, 22, 80 S.Ct. 519, 4 L.Ed.2d 524 (1960) ). . . . Washington State Grange , supra , at 450, 128 S.Ct. 1184 (quoting Raines , supra , at 22, 80 S.Ct. 519 . . .

ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY, v. A. CHRISTIAN,, 140 S. Ct. 1335 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Sebelius , 567 U.S. 519, 551-553, 132 S.Ct. 2566, 183 L.Ed.2d 450 (2012). . . .

RAMOS, v. LOUISIANA, 140 S. Ct. 1390 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Sebelius , 567 U.S. 519, 132 S.Ct. 2566, 183 L.Ed.2d 450 (2012) ; Williams v. . . .

VF JEANSWEAR LP v. EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION, 140 S. Ct. 1202 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Robbins , 519 U.S. 452, 117 S.Ct. 905, 137 L.Ed.2d 79 (1997). . . .

L. ALLEN, v. A. COOPER, III,, 140 S. Ct. 994 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Flores , 521 U.S. 507, 519, 117 S.Ct. 2157, 138 L.Ed.2d 624 (1997). . . .

SHULAR, v. UNITED STATES, 140 S. Ct. 779 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Wells , 519 U.S. 482, 499, 117 S.Ct. 921, 137 L.Ed.2d 107 (1997) ; Reno v. . . .

L. BALDWIN, Et Ux. v. UNITED STATES, 140 S. Ct. 690 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Rev. 519, 551-552, n. 137 (2003). . . .

ANIMAL LEGAL DEFENSE FUND v. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, 935 F.3d 858 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Tesmer , 543 U.S. 125, 128, 125 S.Ct. 564, 160 L.Ed.2d 519 (2004), and in this case, we answer yes. . . .

UNITED STATES v. LILLARD,, 935 F.3d 827 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Escondido , 503 U.S. 519, 534, 112 S.Ct. 1522, 118 L.Ed.2d 153 (1992) (string cite omitted). . . .

BELLITTO, v. SNIPES,, 935 F.3d 1192 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Shell Oil Co., 519 U.S. 337, 341, 117 S.Ct. 843, 136 L.Ed.2d 808 (1997). . . .

ZUNIGA, v. P. BARR,, 934 F.3d 1083 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Robbins , 519 U.S. 452, 461, 117 S.Ct. 905, 137 L.Ed.2d 79 (1997) (holding that courts should generally . . .

UNITED STATES v. A. ADAMS,, 934 F.3d 720 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Reed , 744 F.3d 519, 522 (7th Cir. 2014). . . .

WOLFINGTON, v. RECONSTRUCTIVE ORTHOPAEDIC ASSOCIATES II PC, a k a, 935 F.3d 187 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Reg. at 40,425. 519 U.S. 452, 117 S.Ct. 905, 137 L.Ed.2d 79 (1997). . . . Auer , 519 U.S. at 461, 117 S.Ct. 905 (internal quotation marks omitted) (quoting Robertson v. . . . Corp. , 519 U.S. 213, 218, 117 S.Ct. 666, 136 L.Ed.2d 656 (1997) ); accord O'Melveny & Myers v. . . .

COLE v. CARSON, v., 935 F.3d 444 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Patrick , 519 F.3d 900 (9th Cir. 2008) (again granting habeas relief); Patrick v. . . .

BURKE, v. REGALADO, v., 935 F.3d 960 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Schls. , 371 F.3d 503, 519 & n.13 (9th Cir. 2004) (finding proper a remark in which counsel asked the . . . Flynn , 605 F.2d 519, 529 (10th Cir. 1979). . . . Oklahoma , 519 F.3d 1242 (10th Cir. 2008), which states that a complaint against several defendants must . . .

BOWLES, v. DESANTIS,, 934 F.3d 1230 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Ass'n, 496 U.S. 498, 519, 110 S.Ct. 2510, 110 L.Ed.2d 455 (1990) (holding that obligation imposed on . . .

REGAN v. CITY OF HAMMOND, INDIANA,, 934 F.3d 700 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Tracy , 519 U.S. 278, 298-300, 117 S. Ct. 811, 824-25, 136 L.Ed.2d 761 (1997). . . .

GUPTA, v. MORGAN STANLEY SMITH BARNEY, LLC,, 934 F.3d 705 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Tele-Network Co. , 946 F.2d 516, 519 (7th Cir. 1991) (interpreting Illinois law). . . .

TURCO v. CITY OF ENGLEWOOD, NEW JERSEY,, 935 F.3d 155 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . N.Y. , 519 U.S. 357, 376, 117 S.Ct. 855, 137 L.Ed.2d 1 (1997) ). Id. at 487, 134 S.Ct. 2518. . . . quotation marks omitted) (quoting McIntyre , 514 U.S. at 347, 115 S.Ct. 1511 ); see also Schenck , 519 . . . zone allows the speaker to communicate at a 'normal conversational distance.' " (quoting Schenck , 519 . . .

AMAZON. COM, INC. v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE,, 934 F.3d 976 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Robbins , 519 U.S. 452, 117 S.Ct. 905, 137 L.Ed.2d 79 (1997). . . . Robbins , 519 U.S. 452, 461-62, 117 S.Ct. 905, 137 L.Ed.2d 79 (1997). . . .

UNITED STATES v. G. WAGUESPACK,, 935 F.3d 322 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Lucio , 428 F.3d 519, 522 (5th Cir. 2005) ). . . .

UNITED STATES v. C. BROWN, v. N., 934 F.3d 1278 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . City of Escondido , 503 U.S. 519, 534, 112 S.Ct. 1522, 118 L.Ed.2d 153 (1992) ; see also Hi-Tech Pharm . . .

LILLY, v. CITY OF NEW YORK NYPD No. NYPD No., 934 F.3d 222 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Gristede's Operating Corp. , 519 F. . . .

UNITED STATES v. HERNANDEZ- MARTINEZ, v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v. v., 933 F.3d 1126 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . United States , 564 U.S. 522, 131 S.Ct. 2685, 180 L.Ed.2d 519 (2011) : Is a defendant who enters into . . .

LATURNER, v. UNITED STATES,, 933 F.3d 1354 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . 513 (letter to Kentucky); J.A. 515 (letter to New Hampshire); J.A. 517 (letter to South Dakota); J.A. 519 . . . Robbins, 519 U.S. 452, 117 S.Ct. 905, 137 L.Ed.2d 79 (1997) ] deference unless the regulation is genuinely . . .

KOH, v. USTICH,, 933 F.3d 836 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Wisconsin , 390 U.S. 519, 521, 88 S.Ct. 1152, 20 L.Ed.2d 77 (1968) ; United States v. . . .

UNITED STATES v. SAINZ,, 933 F.3d 1080 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Garner , 519 F.App'x 823 (4th Cir. 2013), the Fourth Circuit stated its policy not to sua sponte raise . . .

DINAPLES, v. MRS BPO, LLC MRS BPO, LLC,, 934 F.3d 275 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Carlisle, McNellie, Rini, Kramer & Ulrich L.P.A., 559 U.S. 573, 130 S.Ct. 1605, 176 L.Ed.2d 519 (2010 . . .

UNITED STATES EX REL. CHARTE v. AMERICAN TUTOR, INC. Jr. Sr., 934 F.3d 346 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Sebelius , 567 U.S. 519, 638 n.22, 132 S.Ct. 2566, 183 L.Ed.2d 450 (2012) (Ginsburg, J., concurring in . . .

UNITED STATES v. RUELAS- CARBAJAL,, 933 F.3d 928 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Watts , 519 U.S. 148, 157, 117 S.Ct. 633, 136 L.Ed.2d 554 (1997) (per curiam). . . .

IN RE FIFTH AVENUE AND RELATED PROPERTIES, 934 F.3d 147 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . United States , 519 U.S. 172, 184-85, 117 S.Ct. 644, 136 L.Ed.2d 574 (1997). . . .

E. ANDREWS, v. SIRIUS XM RADIO INC., 932 F.3d 1253 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Best Buy Co. of Minn. , 519 F. . . .

PILLAR DYNASTY LLC, v. NEW YORK COMPANY, INC., 933 F.3d 202 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Select Comfort Wholesale Corp. , 909 F.3d 519 (2d Cir. 2018). . . . Select Comfort Wholesale Corp. , 909 F.3d 519, 530-31 (2d Cir. 2018). . . .

MARKS JLF, a GWF, a GJH, a GJR, v. HUDSON, 933 F.3d 481 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Miller , 519 F.3d 231, 236 (5th Cir. 2008). . . . See Miller , 519 F.3d at 236. . . .

UNITED STATES v. SIMPSON, 932 F.3d 1154 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Kelly, 625 F.3d 516, 519-20 (8th Cir. 2010) (quoting United States v. . . .

UNITED STATES v. LEAL,, 933 F.3d 426 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Kerner , 404 U.S. 519, 520-21, 92 S.Ct. 594, 30 L.Ed.2d 652 (1972) ; Edwards v. . . .

OXFORD UNIVERSITY BANK, A N. A. CDO CDO v. LANSUPPE FEEDER, LLC,, 933 F.3d 99 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Supp. 2d 511, 519 (S.D.N.Y. 2011) ; see also Smith v. Franklin/Templeton Distribs. . . .

IN RE DOBOS, s v., 603 B.R. 31 (B.A.P. 9th Cir. 2019)

. . . App'x 519 (9th Cir. 2017) (quoting Thomas v. Fin. . . .

SINKLER, v. A. BERRYHILL,, 932 F.3d 83 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Ct. 517, 519, 202 L.Ed.2d 469 (2019). . . .

JONES, v. A. BERRYHILL,, 392 F. Supp. 3d 831 (M.D. Tenn. 2019)

. . . Sec'y of Health & Human Servs. , 753 F.2d 517, 519 (6th Cir. 1985), citing Allen v. . . .

UNITED STATES v. THOMAS, v., 933 F.3d 685 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . United States , 519 U.S. 172, 182-84, 117 S.Ct. 644, 136 L.Ed.2d 574 (1997). . . .

VIEIRA, v. MENTOR WORLDWIDE, LLC LLC LLC, 392 F. Supp. 3d 1117 (C.D. Cal. 2019)

. . . Rath Packing Co. , 430 U.S. 519, 525, 97 S.Ct. 1305, 51 L.Ed.2d 604 (1977) ). . . .

IN RE FINANCIAL OVERSIGHT AND MANAGEMENT BOARD FOR PUERTO RICO, v. Iv n Ra l A. B. n III G. M. a J. R. J. A. Jr., 931 F.3d 111 (1st Cir. 2019)

. . . Shell Oil Co., 519 U.S. 337, 341, 117 S.Ct. 843, 136 L.Ed.2d 808 (1997). . . .

PAEZ, v. SECRETARY, FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS,, 931 F.3d 1304 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Attorney Gen. of Colo., 519 F.3d 1084, 1089 (10th Cir. 2008) (A petition may be dismissed under Rule . . . Kilgore, 519 F.3d at 1089. . . . See Kilgore, 519 F.3d at 1089 (observing that " Day does not determine ... whether a district court may . . .

MORENO- MARTINEZ, v. P. BARR,, 932 F.3d 461 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Mukasey , 519 F.3d 546, 549 (6th Cir. 2008) ("[W]e need not address the merits of a claim if there is . . . Graham , 519 F.3d at 550 (citation omitted). . . .

FORCE, A. H. H. F. A. L. F. N. E. F, N. S. F. S. R. F. A. H. H. F. A. L. F. N. E. F. N. S. F. S. R. F. A. H. H. F. A. L. F. N. E. F, N. S. F. S. R. F. TZVI S. S. R. M. M. R. R. M. R. S. Z. R. S. S. R. M. M. R. R. M. R. S. Z. R. S. S. R. M. M. R. R. M. R. S. Z. R. v. FACEBOOK, INC., 934 F.3d 53 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Craigslist, Inc. , 519 F.3d 666, 671 (7th Cir. 2008). . . .

AMERICAN TUNABOAT ASSOCIATION, v. ROSS, 391 F. Supp. 3d 98 (D.D.C. 2019)

. . . Robbins , 519 U.S. 452, 117 S.Ct. 905, 137 L.Ed.2d 79 (1997). . . .

DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL COMMITTEE, v. RUSSIAN FEDERATION, 392 F. Supp. 3d 410 (S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . Id. at 519, 121 S.Ct. 1753. . . .

UNITED STATES v. GALECKI, v., 932 F.3d 176 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . United States , 519 U.S. 172, 182 n.6, 117 S.Ct. 644, 136 L.Ed.2d 574 (1997) )). . . .

UNITED STATES v. FIELDS,, 932 F.3d 316 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Watts , 519 U.S. 148, 155, 117 S.Ct. 633, 136 L.Ed.2d 554 (1997) (per curiam) (quoting United States . . .

WINDING CREEK SOLAR LLC, v. PETERMAN, 932 F.3d 861 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Robbins , 519 U.S. 452, 117 S.Ct. 905, 137 L.Ed.2d 79 (1997), because, either way, the result is the . . .

UNITED STATES v. MASSIMINO, 389 F. Supp. 3d 357 (E.D. Pa. 2019)

. . . Horn, 519 F.3d 107, 120 (3d Cir. 2008). . . .

AL- BALUCHI a k a v. T. ESPER,, 392 F. Supp. 3d 46 (D.D.C. 2019)

. . . Jones, 421 U.S. 519, 528, 95 S.Ct. 1779, 44 L.Ed.2d 346 (1975). . . .

COBA v. FORD MOTOR COMPANY, 932 F.3d 114 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Smith , 181 Cal. 519, 185 P. 385, 385 (1919) ("It is conceded that the engine and clutch of the automobile . . .

IN RE BROWN,, 932 F.3d 162 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . See In re Antrobus , 519 F.3d 1123, 1129 (10th Cir. 2008). . . .

S. WILSON, v. WEXFORD HEALTH SOURCES, INC., 932 F.3d 513 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Rivera , 272 F.3d 519, 522 (7th Cir. 2001). Wilson's limitations clock for Dr. . . .

UNITED STATES v. BONIN,, 932 F.3d 523 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Adamson , 441 F.3d 513, 519-20 (7th Cir. 2006) ; see also United States v. . . .

TRACIE H. v. SAUL,, 388 F. Supp. 3d 990 (N.D. Ill. 2019)

. . . Colvin , 519 F. App'x 951, 959 (7th Cir. 2013). . . .

IN RE HOME DEPOT INC. O v. U. S. A., 931 F.3d 1065 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . City of Escondido , 503 U.S. 519, 534, 112 S.Ct. 1522, 118 L.Ed.2d 153 (1992) ; see also Sec'y, U.S. . . .

PLANNED PARENTHOOD SOUTHWEST OHIO REGION v. DEWINE, 931 F.3d 530 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . City of Garland , 519 F.3d 517 (5th Cir. 2008) (holding that the plaintiff prevailed on basis of preliminary . . .

In MATTER OF BENJAMIN, v., 932 F.3d 293 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . good example of how to correctly apply the clear-indication exception to the recodification canon. 519 . . .

UNITED STATES v. COONCE, Jr., 932 F.3d 623 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Cheever , 571 U.S. 87, 93, 134 S.Ct. 596, 187 L.Ed.2d 519 (2013). . . .

STATE BY AND THROUGH TENNESSEE GENERAL ASSEMBLY, v. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF STATE,, 931 F.3d 499 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Sebelius (NFIB ), 567 U.S. 519, 541, 132 S.Ct. 2566, 183 L.Ed.2d 450 (2012). . . .

DOE, v. TRUMP CORPORATION,, 385 F. Supp. 3d 265 (S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . State Council of Carpenters , 459 U.S. 519, 534, 103 S.Ct. 897, 74 L.Ed.2d 723 (1983) ). . . .

EDWARDS, v. PENIX, 388 F. Supp. 3d 135 (N.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . James , 13 F.3d 515, 519 (2d Cir.1993) ). . . .

COMMANDER v. AMERICAN CRUISE LINES, INC., 389 F. Supp. 3d 180 (N.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . Supp. 2d 519, 523 n.4 (E.D.N.Y. 2013). . . .

RODRIGUEZ v. CITY OF SAN JOSE, 930 F.3d 1123 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . City of Gaithersburg , 519 F.3d 216 (4th Cir. 2008), a firefighter (Mora) called 911 and told the operator . . .

UNITED STATES v. HUNT,, 930 F.3d 921 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Miller , 829 F.3d 519, 528-29 (7th Cir. 2016) ; United States v. . . .

W. EATON, v. PACHECO,, 931 F.3d 1009 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . McComb , 519 F.3d 1049, 1053 (10th Cir. 2007) (explaining that "in many cases there will be a range of . . . there was "a range of possible outcomes the facts and law at issue c[ould] fairly support," McComb , 519 . . . McComb , 519 F.3d at 1053. Eaton fails to make that showing here. . . .

HARTMAN v. THOMPSON, 931 F.3d 471 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Montgomery County , 240 F.3d 512, 519 (6th Cir. 2001) (concluding that an officer lacked probable cause . . .

KHRAPKO, v. SPLAIN,, 389 F. Supp. 3d 199 (W.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . Barr , No. 19-CV-519, 2019 WL 3017412, at *3 (W.D.N.Y. July 10, 2019). . . .

BETHESDA HEALTH, INC. v. M. AZAR II,, 389 F. Supp. 3d 32 (D.D.C. 2019)

. . . Sebelius , 567 U.S. 519, 541, 132 S.Ct. 2566, 183 L.Ed.2d 450 (2012). . . . Robbins , 519 U.S. 452, 461, 117 S.Ct. 905, 137 L.Ed.2d 79 (1997). . . .

IN RE J. LONG A., 603 B.R. 812 (Bankr. E.D. Wis. 2019)

. . . Shell Oil Co. , 519 U.S. 337, 340, 117 S.Ct. 843, 136 L.Ed.2d 808 (1997) (The "inquiry must cease if . . . Robinson , 519 U.S. at 341, 117 S.Ct. 843. . . . Robinson , 519 U.S. at 341, 117 S.Ct. 843. . . .

PRESQUE ISLE COLON AND RECTAL SURGERY, v. HIGHMARK HEALTH, f k a f k a, 391 F. Supp. 3d 485 (W.D. Pa. 2019)

. . . Council of Carpenters , 459 U.S. 519, 535 n.31, 103 S.Ct. 897, 74 L.Ed.2d 723 (1983) (antitrust standing . . . Brokerage Concepts , 140 F.3d at 519 (quoting Jefferson Par. Hosp. Dist. No. 2 v. . . .

DISABILITY RIGHTS MONTANA, INC. v. BATISTA,, 930 F.3d 1090 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . See e.g. , Plata , 563 U.S. at 508, 519, 131 S.Ct. 1910 (discussing the suicides of prisoners kept in . . .

ASSOCIATION FOR COMMUNITY AFFILIATED PLANS, v. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF TREASURY,, 392 F. Supp. 3d 22 (D.D.C. 2019)

. . . Sebelius, 567 U.S. 519, 538, 132 S.Ct. 2566, 183 L.Ed.2d 450 (2012). . . . Sebelius, 567 U.S. 519, 538, 132 S.Ct. 2566, 183 L.Ed.2d 450 (2012) (ACA enacted "to increase the number . . .

TAYLOR, v. GRUBBS v. LT. SCDC SCDC DOE, DOE, AI v. SCDC LT MR C, 930 F.3d 611 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Shell Oil Co. , 519 U.S. 337, 341, 117 S.Ct. 843, 136 L.Ed.2d 808 (1997). . . .

PEABODY TWENTYMILE MINING, LLC, v. SECRETARY OF LABOR,, 931 F.3d 992 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Mine Safety & Health Review Comm'n , 519 F.3d 1176, 1180 (10th Cir. 2008) (citing 30 C.F.R. §§ 75.300 . . . See Plateau Mining Corp. , 519 F.3d at 1191 ; Sec'y of Labor, Mine Safety & Health Admin. v. Penn. . . . Plateau Mining Corp. , 519 F.3d at 1191. . . . Shell Oil Co. , 519 U.S. 337, 340, 117 S.Ct. 843, 136 L.Ed.2d 808 (1997) ). . . . Mine Safety & Health Review Comm'n, 519 F.3d 1176, 1181 (10th Cir. 2008). . . . Shell Oil Co., 519 U.S. 337, 340, 117 S.Ct. 843, 136 L.Ed.2d 808 (1997). . . . " in the context of § 704(a) of Title VII was ambiguous as to whether it included former employees. 519 . . . Robbins, 519 U.S. 452, 117 S.Ct. 905, 137 L.Ed.2d 79 (1997), we fully "defer to the [Secretary's] reasonable . . . Plateau, 519 F.3d at 1193-94. . . .

EBBE, v. CONCORDE INVESTMENT SERVICES, LLC G. M. a k a M., 392 F. Supp. 3d 228 (D. Mass. 2019)

. . . Mgmt., LLC, 519 F.3d 200, 210 (4th Cir. 2008) (vacating an arbitration award where a party did "not receive . . .

CHACOTY, v. POMPEO, U. S., 392 F. Supp. 3d 1 (D.D.C. 2019)

. . . Vilsack , 563 F.3d 519, 522 (D.C. . . .

ZENITH INSURANCE COMPANY, v. OLD REPUBLIC INSURANCE COMPANY,, 392 F. Supp. 3d 1108 (N.D. Cal. 2019)

. . . Co. , 64 F.3d 514, 519 (9th Cir. 1995) (citing Ohio Cas. Ins. Co., 85 Cal. . . .

LLACUA De La v. WESTERN RANGE ASSOCIATION LLLP LLC D B A, 930 F.3d 1161 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Oklahoma , 519 F.3d 1242, 1247 (10th Cir. 2008). a. Antitrust Claims i. . . .

BOTTINELLI v. SALAZAR, 929 F.3d 1196 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Shell Oil Co. , 519 U.S. 337, 340-41, 117 S.Ct. 843, 136 L.Ed.2d 808 (1997) ). . . .

SAGARWALA, v. L. CISSNA,, 387 F. Supp. 3d 56 (D.D.C. 2019)

. . . Robbins , 519 U.S. 452, 461, 117 S.Ct. 905, 137 L.Ed.2d 79 (1997) ). . . .

UNITED STATES v. MILLS,, 389 F. Supp. 3d 528 (E.D. Mich. 2019)

. . . Loisel, 265 U.S. 224, 232, 235, 44 S.Ct. 519, 68 L.Ed. 989 (1924) (holding that a statutory provision . . .

CITY OF LOS ANGELES, v. P. BARR, R., 929 F.3d 1163 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Security 509, 519 (2017). . . . Sebelius , 567 U.S. 519, 576, 132 S.Ct. 2566, 183 L.Ed.2d 450 (2012) (" NFIB ") (quoting Coll. Sav. . . .

COLLINS, v. UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME DU LAC,, 929 F.3d 830 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Shell Oil Co ., 519 U.S. 337, 341-42, 117 S.Ct. 843, 136 L.Ed.2d 808 (1997) (use of different and clearer . . .

PENNSYLVANIA v. PRESIDENT UNITED STATES D. C., 930 F.3d 543 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . NRDC, 683 F.2d at 768 ; see Reynolds, 710 F.3d at 519 ("Any suggestion that the postpromulgation comments . . .

MENENDEZ- GONZALEZ, v. P. BARR,, 929 F.3d 1113 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Yueh-Shaio Yang , 519 U.S. 26, 32, 117 S.Ct. 350, 136 L.Ed.2d 288 (1996), that if the BIA "announces . . .

UNITED STATES v. GURULE,, 929 F.3d 1214 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . stop is likely to be greater when there are passengers in addition to the driver in the stopped car." 519 . . .

UNITED STATES v. GURULE,, 935 F.3d 878 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . stop is likely to be greater when there are passengers in addition to the driver in the stopped car." 519 . . .

CARDIONET, LLC, v. SCOTTCARE CORPORATION,, 388 F. Supp. 3d 442 (E.D. Pa. 2019)

. . . AG of the United States , 677 F.3d 519, 541 (3d Cir. 2012). . . .