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Florida Statute 400.023 | Lawyer Caselaw & Research
F.S. 400.023 Case Law from Google Scholar
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The 2023 Florida Statutes (including Special Session C)

Title XXIX
PUBLIC HEALTH
Chapter 400
NURSING HOMES AND RELATED HEALTH CARE FACILITIES
View Entire Chapter
F.S. 400.023
400.023 Civil enforcement.
(1) An exclusive cause of action for negligence or a violation of residents’ rights as specified under this part which alleges direct or vicarious liability for the personal injury or death of a nursing home resident arising from such negligence or violation of rights and which seeks damages for such injury or death may be brought only against the licensee, the licensee’s management or consulting company, the licensee’s managing employees, and any direct caregivers, whether employees or contractors. A passive investor is not liable under this section. An action against any other individual or entity may be brought only pursuant to subsection (3).
(a) The action may be brought by the resident or his or her guardian, by a person or organization acting on behalf of a resident with the consent of the resident or his or her guardian, or by the personal representative of the estate of a deceased resident regardless of the cause of death.
(b) If the action alleges a claim for the resident’s rights or for negligence that caused the death of the resident, the claimant shall, after the verdict, but before the judgment is entered, elect survival damages pursuant to s. 46.021 or wrongful death damages pursuant to s. 768.21. If the action alleges a claim for the resident’s rights or for negligence that did not cause the death of the resident, the personal representative of the estate may recover damages for the negligence that caused injury to the resident.
(c) The action may be brought in any court of competent jurisdiction to enforce such rights and to recover actual and punitive damages for the violation of the rights of a resident or for negligence.
(d) A resident who prevails in seeking injunctive relief or an administrative remedy is entitled to recover the costs of the action, and reasonable attorney fees assessed against the defendant of up to $25,000. Fees shall be awarded solely for the injunctive or administrative relief and not for any claim or action for damages whether such claim or action is brought with a request for an injunction or administrative relief or as a separate action, except as provided under s. 768.79 or the Florida Rules of Civil Procedure.
(e) This section does not preclude theories of recovery not arising out of negligence or s. 400.022 which are available to a resident or to the agency. Chapter 766 does not apply to a cause of action brought under ss. 400.023-400.0238.
(2) As used in this section, the term:
(a) “Licensee” means an individual, corporation, partnership, firm, association, governmental entity, or other entity that is issued a permit, registration, certificate, or license by the agency and that is legally responsible for all aspects of the operation of the nursing home facility.
(b) “Management or consulting company” means an individual or entity who contracts with, or receives a fee from, a licensee to provide any of the following services for a nursing home facility:
1. Hiring or firing of the administrator or director of nursing;
2. Controlling or having control over the staffing levels at the facility;
3. Having control over the budget of the facility; or
4. Implementing and enforcing the policies and procedures of the facility.
(c) “Passive investor” means an individual or entity that has an interest in a facility but does not participate in the decisionmaking or operations of the facility.
(3) A cause of action may not be asserted against an individual or entity other than the licensee, the licensee’s management or consulting company, the licensee’s managing employees, and any direct caregivers, whether employees or contractors, unless, after a motion for leave to amend hearing, the court or an arbitration panel determines that there is sufficient evidence in the record or proffered by the claimant to establish a reasonable showing that:
(a) The individual or entity owed a duty of reasonable care to the resident and that the individual or entity breached that duty; and
(b) The breach of that duty is a legal cause of loss, injury, death, or damage to the resident.

For purposes of this subsection, if, in a proposed amended pleading, it is asserted that such cause of action arose out of the conduct, transaction, or occurrence set forth or attempted to be set forth in the original pleading, the proposed amendment relates back to the original pleading.

(4) In a claim brought pursuant to this part alleging a violation of residents’ rights or negligence causing injury to or the death of a resident, the claimant has the burden of proving, by a preponderance of the evidence, that:
(a) The defendant owed a duty to the resident;
(b) The defendant breached the duty to the resident;
(c) The breach of the duty is a legal cause of loss, injury, death, or damage to the resident; and
(d) The resident sustained loss, injury, death, or damage as a result of the breach.

This part does not create strict liability. A violation of the rights set forth in s. 400.022, in any other standard or guidelines specified in this part, or in any applicable administrative standard or guidelines of this state or a federal regulatory agency is evidence of negligence but is not considered negligence per se.

(5) In a claim brought pursuant to this section, a licensee, individual, or entity has a duty to exercise reasonable care. Reasonable care is that degree of care which a reasonably careful licensee, individual, or entity would use under like circumstances.
(6) In a claim for a residents’ rights violation or negligence by a nurse licensed under part I of chapter 464, such nurse has the duty to exercise care consistent with the prevailing professional standard of care for a nurse. The prevailing professional standard of care for a nurse is that level of care, skill, and treatment which, in light of all relevant surrounding circumstances, is recognized as acceptable and appropriate by reasonably prudent similar nurses.
(7) A licensee is not liable for the medical negligence of a physician rendering care or treatment to the resident except for the administrative services of a medical director as required under this part. This subsection does not protect a licensee, individual, or entity from liability for failure to provide a resident with appropriate observation, assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, intervention, and evaluation of care by nursing staff.
(8) The resident or the resident’s legal representative shall serve a copy of a complaint alleging in whole or in part a violation of any rights specified in this part to the agency at the time of filing the initial complaint with the clerk of the court for the county in which the action is pursued. The requirement of providing a copy of the complaint to the agency does not impair the resident’s legal rights or ability to seek relief for his or her claim.
(9) An action under this part for a violation of rights or negligence recognized herein is not a claim for medical malpractice, and s. 768.21(8) does not apply to a claim alleging death of the resident.
History.ss. 3, 18, ch. 80-186; s. 2, ch. 81-318; ss. 6, 79, 83, ch. 83-181; s. 51, ch. 83-218; s. 1, ch. 86-79; s. 30, ch. 93-177; ss. 4, 49, ch. 93-217; s. 765, ch. 95-148; s. 30, ch. 99-225; s. 4, ch. 2001-45; s. 34, ch. 2001-62; s. 1, ch. 2014-83.

F.S. 400.023 on Google Scholar

F.S. 400.023 on Casetext

Amendments to 400.023


Arrestable Offenses / Crimes under Fla. Stat. 400.023
Level: Degree
Misdemeanor/Felony: First/Second/Third

Current data shows no reason an arrest or criminal charge should have occurred directly under Florida Statute 400.023.



Annotations, Discussions, Cases:

Cases from cite.case.law:

F. JOHNSON, BY AND THROUGH E. JOHNSON, v. HEARTLAND OF FORT MYERS FL, LLC HCR III LLC HCR, 257 So. 3d 634 (Fla. App. Ct. 2018)

. . . agreement that substantially diminishes or circumvents [the remedies set forth in sections 400.022 and 400.023 . . .

NORTHPORT HEALTH SERVICES OF FLORIDA, LLC d b a v. LOUIS,, 240 So. 3d 120 (Fla. App. Ct. 2018)

. . . resident may recover actual and punitive damages for the violation of these rights or for negligence, § 400.023 . . .

FI- POMPANO REHAB, LLC d b a v. IRVING,, 221 So. 3d 781 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2017)

. . . violating provisions were deemed to erode access to statutory remedies provided in sections 400.022 and 400.023 . . .

SCOTT, v. FRANCATI,, 214 So. 3d 742 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2017)

. . . home resident, seeks a declaration regarding the constitutionality of the 2014 amendments to section 400.023 . . . Specifically, Francati challenges the constitutionality of section 400.023(3), Florida Statutes (2015 . . . Instead, Fran-cati contends that her complaint alleges a present controversy because section 400.023 . . . Francati merely raises a general challenge to the constitutionality of section 400.023; she fails to . . . that would allow her to name the Governor as a defendant in her constitutional challenge to section 400.023 . . .

FLORIDA HOLDINGS III, LLC LLC T. v. M. DUERST, L. DUERST,, 198 So. 3d 834 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2016)

. . . court alleging violations of her mother’s nursing home resident’s rights under sections 400.022 and 400.023 . . .

GOODIN J. v. BANK OF AMERICA N. A., 114 F. Supp. 3d 1197 (M.D. Fla. 2015)

. . . . § 400.023, in the "Public Health” title of the Florida code, required an express exemption from coverage . . .

FI- TAMPA, LLC LLC, n k a LLC LLC, n k a LLC v. T. KELLY- HALL, M., 135 So. 3d 563 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2014)

. . . On its face, this eroded access to specific statutory remedies provided by sections 400.022 and 400.023 . . . Inarguably, all of the statutory remedies provided by section 400.023, Florida Statutes (2011), are still . . .

LOPEZ, LOPEZ, v. ANDIE S, INC. a d b a, 137 So. 3d 528 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2014)

. . . Like section 400.023 of the NHRA, section 429.29(2) of the ALFA provides that claims for a violation . . . The Nursing Home Resident’s Act provides in section 400.023 that (2) In any claim brought pursuant to . . . resident; and (d) The resident sustained loss, injury, death or damage as a result of the breach. § 400.023 . . .

FI- EVERGREEN WOODS, LLC, v. ESTATE OF A. VRASTIL,, 118 So. 3d 859 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2013)

. . . including but not limited to ... those rights that may be available under Florida Statutes §§ 400.22, 400.023 . . . public policy because they eroded access to the specific remedies provided by sections 400.022 and 400.023 . . . which altered, to the plaintiffs detriment, the availability of punitive damages authorized by section 400.023 . . .

SARASOTA FACILITY OPERATIONS, LLC, a LLC, a v. MANNING,, 112 So. 3d 712 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2013)

. . . public policy because it limited the statutory remedies available in the Nursing Home Resident’s Act, § 400.023 . . .

LAIZURE, v. AVANTE AT LEESBURG, INC., 109 So. 3d 752 (Fla. 2013)

. . . . § 400.023, Fla. Stat. (2008). . . . context would give the personal representative of an estate the strategic choice under the NHRRA, section 400.023 . . . At the same time, the Legislature amended section 400.023 to provide that "[s]ections 400.023-400.0238 . . .

LTCSP- ST. PETERSBURG, LLC St. LLC LLC LLC R. St. v. ROBINSON, J., 96 So. 3d 986 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2012)

. . . diminishes or circumvents” the statutory remedies available to nursing home residents under section 400.023 . . .

ESTATE OF DERESH, SCHNEIDER, v. FS TENANT POOL III TRUST, FS FGI I a k a CCC I a k a, 95 So. 3d 296 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2012)

. . . directly un-derminted] specific statutory remedies created by the Legislature,” sections 400.022 and 400.023 . . . articulated in section 400.022 was backed up by the remedies, including punitive damages, in section 400.023 . . . See § 400.023(1) (“The action may be brought in any court of competent jurisdiction to enforce such rights . . . This provision was contrary to section 400.023(2), which called for only a preponderance of the evidence . . .

BENJAMIN, v. TANDEM HEALTHCARE, INC. a d b a a, 93 So. 3d 1076 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2012)

. . . death alleging negligence and violation of a nursing home resident’s rights under sections 400.022 and 400.023 . . .

SHOTTS, v. OP WINTER HAVEN, INC., 86 So. 3d 456 (Fla. 2011)

. . . See §§ 400.022, 400.023, Fla. Stat. (2003). . . . In 1993, the Legislature amended the statute by enacting section 400.023 (“Civil Enforcement”), providing . . . Blankfeld, 902 So.2d at 298-99 (citations omitted) (quoting § 400.023(1), Fla. Stat. (2001)). . . . Manor Care, Inc., 861 So.2d 59 (Fla. 4th DCA 2003), explained succinctly: Sections 400.022 and 400.023 . . . However, the Nursing Home Resident’s Act, found in section 400.023(2), Florida Statutes, calls for a . . .

I. GESSA, v. MANOR CARE OF FLORIDA, INC., 86 So. 3d 484 (Fla. 2011)

. . . -Fla., Inc., 898 So.2d 1, 9 (Fla.2004) (ruling that section 400.023 is a legislatively created cause . . . invitation to don the legislative mantle.”); see also Knowles, 898 So.2d at 7 (noting that, although section 400.023 . . . remedies provided in chapter 400 may be waived when it ruled that the attorney’s fees provision of section 400.023 . . . See §§ 400.022, 400.023, Fla. Stat. (2003). . . . Manor Care, Inc., 861 So.2d 59 (Fla. 4th DCA 2003), explained succinctly: Sections 400.022 and 400.023 . . .

FL- CARROLLWOOD CARE, LLC, a k a FL- LLC LLC LLC L. a k a H. a k a v. GORDON, Sr., 72 So. 3d 162 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2011)

. . . See §§ 400.023(1), .0237, .0238; 768.72, Fla. . . .

ESTATE OF IRONS, SPRINGER, v. ARCADIA HEALTHCARE, L. C. d b a, 66 So. 3d 396 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2011)

. . . See §§ 400.023, 768.21, Fla. Stat. (2009). We have jurisdiction. See Fla. R. App. . . .

FRANKS, Sr. v. BOWERS, M. D. M. III, M. D. P. A. a, 62 So. 3d 16 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2011)

. . . . § 400.023, Fla. Stat. . . .

HEBREW HOMES OF MIAMI BEACH, INC. v. LA ROSA,, 56 So. 3d 103 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2011)

. . . . § 400.023(1), Fla. Stat. (2006); Stalley v. Transitional Hosps. . . .

MANORCARE HEALTH SERVICES, INC. v. STIEHL, C., 22 So. 3d 96 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2009)

. . . used to eliminate substantive rights and remedies created by the Legislature in sections 400.022 and 400.023 . . . other legal theories (including, without limitation, any claim based on Florida Statutes §§ 400.022, 400.023 . . . expressly waive any statutory right to recover attorney fees or costs, including under Florida Statutes § 400.023 . . . other legal theories (including, without limitation, any claim based on Florida Statutes §§ 400.022, 400.023 . . .

In ESTATE OF K. TROLLINGER. J. v. MHC CSI MHC MHC f k a NC, LLC SBK LLC LLC LLC B. L. K. a k a a k a f k a III L. P. f k a III SBK LLC Jr. LLC II, LLC J. f k a, 9 So. 3d 667 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2009)

. . . The trial court granted the Defendants’ Motions to Dismiss on the basis of section 400.023(1), Florida . . . not persuasive because they do not involve actions governed by the statutory requirement in section 400.023 . . . Section 400.023(1) is silent as to whether the election of remedies must be made at the pleading stage . . . As I read section 400.023(1), it requires the personal representative to elect to receive only one of . . . Even if one assumes that section 400.023(1) requires a plaintiff to elect one cause of action, this election . . .

VILLA MARIA NURSING AND REHABILITATION CENTER, INC. v. SOUTH BROWARD HOSPITAL DISTRICT d b a, 8 So. 3d 1167 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2009)

. . . As a result of injuries arising from the sacral wound, Sanders sued the nursing home under section 400.023 . . . See § 400.023(1), Fla. Stat. (2007). . . .

I. GESSA, G. FALATEK, v. MANOR CARE OF FLORIDA, INC. a k a A. D. a k a, 4 So. 3d 679 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2009)

. . . Gessa argued that these limitations were contrary to the rights specifically granted by the Act, see §§ 400.023 . . .

SCHEIBLE, v. JOSEPH L. MORSE GERIATRIC CENTER, INC. H. M. D. H. M. D. P. A., 988 So. 2d 1130 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2008)

. . . Knowles, 766 So.2d 335 (Fla. 4th DCA 2000), holding that section 400.023, Florida Statutes, provided . . . Court of Florida later upheld this court’s decision in Knowles, specifically agreeing that section 400.023 . . . argues that the trial court’s ruling was in error because: (1) it concludes that the language of section 400.023 . . . (2) it ignores the illogical effect such an interpretation of the phrase has upon the provisions of 400.023 . . .

SHOTTS, v. OP WINTER HAVEN, INC. Re a k a C. a k a, 988 So. 2d 639 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2008)

. . . effectively eliminates recovery for negligence and was contrary to the Nursing Home Residents Act, section 400.023 . . . Section 400.023(2) states: In any claim brought pursuant to this part alleging a violation of resident . . .

M. SLUSSER, SLUSSER, v. LIFE CARE CENTERS OF AMERICA, INC. a k a L. L. St., 977 So. 2d 662 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2008)

. . . agreement that provides for arbitration of claims brought under the Nursing Home Residents Act, chapter 400.023 . . .

L. WOEBSE, v. HEALTH CARE AND RETIREMENT CORPORATION OF AMERICA,, 977 So. 2d 630 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2008)

. . . other legal theories (including, without limitation, any claim based on Florida Statutes §§ 400.022, 400.023 . . .

TANDEM HEALTHCARE, INC. a d b a a v. BENJAMIN, 969 So. 2d 519 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2007)

. . . . § 400.023(7), Fla. Stat. . . .

PLACE AT VERO BEACH, INC. a v. HANSON,, 953 So. 2d 773 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2007)

. . . or abuse of the elderly, such punitive damages shall comply with the provisions of Florida Statutes 400.023 . . .

ESTATE OF B. JONES, v. MARINER HEALTH CARE OF DELAND, INC., 955 So. 2d 43 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2007)

. . . which held that a personal representative could not bring a claim under the 1997 version of section 400.023 . . . This date became a component of the trial court’s ruling because the Legislature amended section 400.023 . . . We are not persuaded to the contrary by the cases that have dealt with section 400.023 and a personal . . . In 1993, the Legislature amended the statute by enacting section 400.023 ("Civil Enforcement”), providing . . . civil remedies for nursing home residents for violation of the statute. § 400.023(1), Fla. . . .

HILLTOPPER HOLDING CORPORATION v. ESTATE OF CUTCHIN, ENGLE,, 955 So. 2d 598 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2007)

. . . duty to CHERYL CUTCHIN to exercise reasonable care in its operation of the nursing home according to § 400.023 . . . duty to CHERYL CUTCHIN to exercise reasonable care in its operation of the nursing home according to § 400.023 . . .

ALTERRA HEALTHCARE CORPORATION M. v. ESTATE OF LINTON GRAHAM f k a, 953 So. 2d 574 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2007)

. . . -Fla., Inc., 898 So.2d 1, 9 (Fla.2004) (ruling that section 400.023 is a legislatively created cause . . . See also Knowles, 898 So.2d at 7 (noting that although section 400.023(1) provides remedial remedies . . . remedies provided in Chapter 400 may be waived when it ruled that the attorney’s fees provision of section 400.023 . . .

DADELAND DEPOT, INC. v. ST. PAUL FIRE AND MARINE INSURANCE CO., 945 So. 2d 1216 (Fla. 2006)

. . . than two years ago, we were faced with the issue of determining the proper construction of section 400.023 . . .

F. MERKLE, M. D. P. A. v. HEALTH OPTIONS, INC., 940 So. 2d 1190 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2006)

. . . Stat. (1997); § 400.023(1), Fla. Stat. (1997)). . . .

ALTERRA HEALTHCARE CORPORATION v. L. BRYANT, R. Sr., 937 So. 2d 263 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2006)

. . . In Romano, this court found that the Nursing Home Resident’s Rights Act (NHRA), sections 400.022 and 400.023 . . .

RESOURCE HEALTHCARE OF AMERICA, INC. f k a RHA v. McKINNEY, RHA HP L. P. HP, 940 So. 2d 1139 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2006)

. . . to LORENE McKIN-NEY to exercise reasonable care in the operation of the nursing home according to § 400.023 . . .

SA- PG- OCALA, LLC, v. STOKES,, 935 So. 2d 1242 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2006)

. . . . §§ 400.022-400.023, Fla. Stat. (2001). . . .

L. BLAND, COKER, v. HEALTH CARE AND RETIREMENT CORPORATION OF AMERICA, d b a, 927 So. 2d 252 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2006)

. . . other legal theories (including, without limitation, any claim based on Florida Statutes §§ 400.022, 400.023 . . . Attorneys’ fees are available in limited circumstances. §§ 400.023(1), .0238(2). . . . . § 400.023-.0238. In the trial court, Mrs. . . .

PRIETO, v. HEALTHCARE AND RETIREMENT CORPORATION OF AMERICA,, 919 So. 2d 531 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2005)

. . . As the Romano court stated: “Sections 400.022 and 400.023 are remedial statutes, designed to protect . . . See § 400.023(1). . . . See § 400.023(5). . . .

E. LACEY, E. v. HEALTHCARE AND RETIREMENT CORPORATION OF AMERICA, d b a, 918 So. 2d 333 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2005)

. . . . § 400.023, Fla. Stat. (2004). . . .

TAMPA MEDICAL ASSOCIATES, INC. v. ESTATE OF CRAIG, E., 915 So. 2d 660 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2005)

. . . . § 400.023, Fla. Stat. (2000). . . . .” § 400.023(1). . . .

BLANKFELD, v. RICHMOND HEALTH CARE, INC. d b a, 902 So. 2d 296 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2005)

. . . recovery for negligence, and is contrary to the Nursing Home Residents Act, which provides in section 400.023 . . . (d) The resident sustained loss, injury, death, or damage as a result of the breach. § 400.023(2)(a)- . . . In 1993, the Legislature amended the statute by enacting section 400.023 (“Civil Enforcement”), providing . . . civil remedies for nursing home residents for violation of the statute. § 400.023(1), Fla. . . . individuals can bring actions to enforce violations of the Act “in any court of competent jurisdiction.” § 400.023 . . . it is apparent that such an interpretation would alter the clear and unambiguous language of section 400.023 . . . decision could be in conflict with Knowles, 898 So.2d at 7 (“while petitioner is correct that section 400.023 . . .

FORRY, v. SCOTTSDALE INSURANCE COMPANY, d b a Su a, 899 So. 2d 1260 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2005)

. . . Stat. (2001), and a separate claim for violation of a nursing home resident’s rights, see § 400.023, . . .

ESTATE OF WILLIAMS, WILLIAMS, v. TANDEM HEALTH CARE OF FLORIDA, INC., 899 So. 2d 369 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2005)

. . . Hamilton, 740 So.2d 1189 (Fla. 4th DCA 1999), argued that no language in section 400.023 explicitly affords . . . Among other things, the estate points to Somberg II’s reference to section 400.023(1), wherein it is . . . The clearly expressed provisions of section 400.023 permit the resident, personal representative, or . . . As the Fifth District noted in Spilman, “When section 400.023 was first enacted in 1980, it addressed . . . In following Dupont, we are not unaware that section 400.023(5) of the RRA provides its own statutory . . .

ESTATE OF DESPAIN, v. AVANTE GROUP, INC., 900 So. 2d 637 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2005)

. . . . § 400.023(1), Fla. Stat. (1999); see also Beverly Enters.-Fla., Inc. v. . . . Section 400.023(5), Florida Statutes (1999), which codifies this standard, provides that “[flor the purpose . . . others have applied the standard adopted by the court in White Construction, and codified in section 400.023 . . . Section 400.023, Florida Statutes, was substantially amended in 2001 and subsection (5) was deleted. . . . We will, therefore, apply the provisions of subsection (5) of the 1999 version of section 400.023. . . . .

H. GERMANN, A. v. AGE INSTITUTE OF FLORIDA, INC. LLC, LLC, LLC, G., 912 So. 2d 590 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2005)

. . . and deprivations of the statutory rights of a nursing home resident provided by sections 400.022 and 400.023 . . .

KNOWLES, v. BEVERLY ENTERPRISES- FLORIDA, INC., 898 So. 2d 1 (Fla. 2004)

. . . great public importance: MAY A PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE BRING A STATUTORY CAUSE OF ACTION UNDER SECTION 400.023 . . . On one level, section 400.023 lends itself to the interpretation espoused by the trial court, that is . . . of section 400.023(1), which should be construed liberally; (2) the effect of section 400.023(1) when . . . Thus, section 400.023(1) does not necessarily conflict with section 46.021. . . . (amending 400.023(1), Fla. Stat.); 400.023(1), Fla. Stat. (2001). . . . To correctly ascertain the intent of the Legislature in enacting and amending section 400.023(1) of the . . . At the time of the enactment of this important enforcement concept in 1980, section 400.023 provided: . . . At the time section 400.023 became operative, section 46.021 had been in effect as Florida’s survival . . . East, LLC, 211 F.Supp.2d 1345, 1349 (M.D.Fla.2002) (quoting § 400.023, Fla. . . . other legal and administrative remedies available to a resident.” § 400.023(1), Fla. . . . court, sitting en banc, reading this same language, unanimously concluded that “the language of section 400.023 . . . The “when” clauses in the WDA and section 400.023(1) are similarly worded. . . .

ESTATE OF J. DOYLE, By DOYLE, v. MARINER HEALTHCARE OF NASHVILLE, INC., 889 So. 2d 829 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2004)

. . . In Knowles, the Fourth District Court of Appeal concluded that section 400.023(1) unambiguously provides . . . In Youngblood, the Fifth District Court of Appeal disagreed with Knowles and determined that section 400.023 . . . Fourth District’s analysis in Knowles and its conclusion that the pre-amendment language of section 400.023 . . . Section 400.023(1), Florida Statutes (1999), provides: The action may be brought by the resident or his . . .

ARAMARK UNIFORM AND CAREER APPAREL, INC. v. EASTON, Jr., 894 So. 2d 20 (Fla. 2004)

. . . Stat. (2002) (authorizing the supervising agency to impose administrative fines); with 400.023(1), Fla . . .

R. FASSY, M. D. P. A. v. P. CROWLEY,, 884 So. 2d 359 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2004)

. . . 1997), and a private right of action for deprivation of a nursing home resident’s statutory rights, § 400.023 . . . 400.022(1)0), and it had its own separate presuit investigation requirements for cases governed by it, § 400.023 . . .

RICHMOND HEALTHCARE, INC. a d b a v. A. DIGATI, N., 878 So. 2d 388 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2004)

. . . order denying arbitration, the trial court held that the contract was “not illusory” and that section 400.023 . . .

ESTATE OF VAZQUEZ, v. AVANTE GROUPS, INC., 880 So. 2d 723 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2004)

. . . . § 400.023(1), Fla. Stat. . . . this lawsuit, the Legislature clarified its intent in enacting section 400.022 when it amended section 400.023 . . .

JACKSON As v. YORK HANNOVER NURSING CENTERS,, 876 So. 2d 8 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2004)

. . . Since this was an action pursuant to Chapter 400, Florida Statutes (1999), and since section 400.023( . . . We are also unconvinced by the Personal Representative’s argument that because section 400.023(1), Florida . . .

CORA HEALTH SERVICES, INC. v. H. STEINBRONN,, 867 So. 2d 587 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2004)

. . . The pre-suit notice to Daytona expressed the intent to file suit pursuant to section 400.023, Florida . . .

FIVE POINTS HEALTH CARE, LTD. d b a a v. ALBERTS,, 867 So. 2d 520 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2004)

. . . Alberts’ rights as a nursing home resident under sections 400.022 and 400.023, Florida Statutes. . . .

ESTATE OF YOUNGBLOOD, v. HALIFAX CONVALESCENT CENTER, LTD., 874 So. 2d 596 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2004)

. . . In 2000, section 400.023(2), Florida Statutes (1997) provided: Any resident whose rights as specified . . . The language in section 400.023 makes the answer to this question unclear. . . . In May of 2001, section 400.023(1) was changed as follows: (1) Any resident whose rights as specified . . . Knowles, but pointed to the 2001 version of section 400.023 as controlling in that case. . . . Section 400.023, Fla. . . .

B. ALGAYER, W. v. HEALTH CENTER OF PANAMA CITY, INC. d b a St., 866 So. 2d 75 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2003)

. . . or abuse of the elderly, such punitive damages shall comply with the provisions of Florida Statutes 400.023 . . . a violation of Florida Statutes Chapter 400 the award shall be in accordance with Florida Statutes 400.023 . . .

ROMANO, ROMANO, Sr. v. MANOR CARE, INC., 861 So. 2d 59 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2003)

. . . Care, the nursing home, for deprivation of the resident’s rights as set forth in sections 400.022 and 400.023 . . . and protective services, constituting a deprivation of her rights pursuant to sections 400.022 and 400.023 . . . Sections 400.022 and 400.023 are remedial statutes, designed to protect nursing home residents. . . . See § 400.023(1). . . . See § 400.023(5). Moreover, there was no cap on pain and suffering damages in the statute. . . .

GAINESVILLE HEALTH CARE CENTER, INC. d b a v. WESTON,, 857 So. 2d 278 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2003)

. . . In addition, section 400.023(1) was amended to provide that attorney’s fees to a prevailing party “shall . . .

VILLAZON, v. PRUDENTIAL HEALTH CARE PLAN, INC., 843 So. 2d 842 (Fla. 2003)

. . . See § 400.023(1), Fla. Stat. (1997); Somberg v. . . .

FLORIDA CONVALESCENT CENTERS, v. SOMBERG,, 840 So. 2d 998 (Fla. 2003)

. . . held that the damages available to a personal representative bringing a cause of action under section 400.023 . . . Somberg opposed this motion, asserting that section 400.023, Florida Statutes, specifically authorizes . . . Notably, section 400.023(1) specifically states that a claimant will be entitled to recover actual and . . . Writing for the court, Judge Peterson emphasized the plain meaning of the language in section 400.023 . . . In 2001, the Legislature substantially revised section 400.023(1). See § 400.023, Fla. Stat. (2001). . . . I concur in the majority’s opinion that the plain meaning of the language in section 400.023(1) demonstrates . . . that damages available to a personal representative under section 400.023(1) are not limited by the . . . Section 400.023(1), Florida Statutes (1997), which is applicable to the cause of action in this case, . . . On appeal, the nursing home argued that the damages available under section 400.023(1) were controlled . . . In addition to the plain meaning of the language in section 400.023(1) which expressly authorizes the . . .

GRABER, v. JOSEPH L. MORSE GERIATRIC CENTER, INC., 837 So. 2d 473 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2002)

. . . complaint alleged that the nursing home had violated her husband’s rights as a resident, under section 400.023 . . . It argued that section 400.023, Florida Statutes (1999), limited claims to those on behalf of a resident . . . Both counts alleged claims for wrongful death, one based on a violation of rights under section 400.023 . . . At issue is whether the 1999 version of section 400.023, Florida Statutes (1999), allows the personal . . . The 1999 version of section 400.023 provided: Any resident whose rights as specified in this part are . . .

INTEGRATED HEALTH CARE SERVICES, INC. v. LANG- REDWAY,, 840 So. 2d 974 (Fla. 2002)

. . . allegation that despite the fact that the plaintiff had fulfilled the presuit requirements under section 400.023 . . . If these rights are violated, a resident may file an action pursuant to section 400.023, which provides . . . infringed upon shall have a cause of action against any licensee responsible for the violation.” § 400.023 . . . Moreover, section 400.023 clearly demonstrates that the Legislature intended a nursing home to be liable . . . assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, intervention, and evaluation of care by nursing staff.” § 400.023 . . .

ST. ANGELO, v. HEALTHCARE AND RETIREMENT CORPORATION OF AMERICA, d b a, 824 So. 2d 997 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2002)

. . . Appellant filed suit against appellee pursuant to section 400.023, Florida Statutes, alleging that appellee . . . See § 400.022(l)(O- Section 400.023, Florida Statutes (1997), provides that, (1) Any resident whose rights . . . In its order, the trial court found as persuasive authority the “legislative history” from section 400.023 . . . Because the language of section 400.023 is clear and unambiguous, however, there is no need to extrapolate . . .

THOMPSON, v. KINDRED NURSING CENTERS EAST, LLC, CARROLLWOOD CARE CENTER,, 211 F. Supp. 2d 1345 (M.D. Fla. 2002)

. . . Stat. § 400.023 (1997). . . . Stat. § 400.023(2)(d) (2001). . . . Stat. § 400.023. . . . Stat. § 400.023. . . . Stat. § 400.023 is denied. C. . . .

L. PRESTON, v. HEALTH CARE AND RETIREMENT CORPORATION OF AMERICA, a, 785 So. 2d 570 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2001)

. . . Care Center/Lauderhill (“Heartland”), the decedent’s nursing home, for wrongful death under section 400.023 . . . After McCullough, however, the Florida legislature amended section 400.023 in two critical ways. . . . Pauline Lang-Redway, 783 So.2d 1108 (2001), held these changes to section 400.023 make it likely that . . . In this respect, we note that section 400.023(4) was enacted long after section 766.106 and we do not . . . Because the legislative language of section 400.023(4) is unequivocal on the specific subject to which . . .

SOMBERG, v. FLORIDA CONVALESCENT CENTERS, INC. d b a, 779 So. 2d 667 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2001)

. . . . § 400.023(1). . . . Id. § 400.023(1). The trial court agreed with the nursing home and entered judgment in its favor. . . . transcripts of the committee hearings indicate that the legislature did not intend for damages under section 400.023 . . .

INTEGRATED HEALTH CARE SERVICES, INC. St. a k a a k a v. LANG- REDWAY, W., 783 So. 2d 1108 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2001)

. . . There is no dispute that the plaintiff complied with the presuit conditions contained in section 400.023 . . . Amendments the legislature made to section 400.023 in 1993, however, make it likely the presuit requirements . . . See § 400.023(4). . . . Moreover, the legislature added section 400.023(3), which states: A licensee shall not be liable for . . .

NATIONAL HEALTHCORP LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, v. CLOSE, F., 787 So. 2d 22 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2001)

. . . that “the legislature intended to exclude a defendant’s entitlement to attorney’s fees under section 400.023 . . . trial court denied National’s motion and limited defendant’s entitlement to attorney’s fees to section 400.023 . . . Section 400.023 provides that “[prevailing defendant may be entitled to recover reasonable attorney’s . . . that the legislature intended to exclude a defendant’s entitlement to attorney’s fees under section 400.023 . . .

BEVERLY ENTERPRISES- FLORIDA, INC. d b a d b a v. KNOWLES,, 763 So. 2d 1285 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2000)

. . . Florida Supreme Court: MAY A PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE BRING A STATUTORY CAUSE OF ACTION UNDER SECTION 400.023 . . .

BEVERLY ENTERPRISES- FLORIDA, INC. d b a d b a v. KNOWLES,, 766 So. 2d 335 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2000)

. . . Interpreting section 400.023(1) to preclude actions by a personal representative when the patient’s death . . . We recede from Greenfield and hold that the language of section 400.023 unambiguously provides that a . . . Section 400.023 affords muscle to the Patient’s Bill of Rights by establishing a civil cause of action . . . In conclusion, because the legislative language of section 400.023(1) is unequivocal on the specific . . . Therefore, we conclude that, pursuant to section 400.023(1), a personal representative may bring suit . . .

RODRIGUEZ, ESTATE OF RODRIGUEZ- BOBES, v. THE NURSING CENTER AT MERCY, a a M. K. a, 752 So. 2d 1231 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2000)

. . . The issue of whether a personal representative can bring an action under Section 400.023 in connection . . .

BEVERLY ENTERPRISES- FLORIDA, INC. d b a d b a v. McVEY, A., 739 So. 2d 646 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1999)

. . . See §§ 440.022 and 400.023, Fla. . . .

FIRST HEALTHCARE CORPORATION d b a v. E. HAMILTON, L., 740 So. 2d 1189 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1999)

. . . I dissent from that portion of the majority opinion concerning the construction of section 400.023, Florida . . . First, the 1986 amendment to section 400.023, which the Spilman court construed, simply created in the . . . Thus, in the absence of any language in the 1986 amendment to section 400.023, Florida Statutes (1995 . . . It is plaintiffs position, however, that section 400.023(5), Florida Statutes (1995), was intended to . . . Section 400.023 uses words found in various statements of the common law standard for punitive damages . . . We hold that section 400.023(5) adopts the common law punitive damage standard, and not, as plaintiff . . .

NATIONAL HEALTHCORP LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, v. F. CASCIO,, 725 So. 2d 1190 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1998)

. . . It is obvious that the “actual damages” potentially recoverable in this case pursuant to section 400.023 . . .

BEVERLY HEALTH AND REHABILITATION SERVICES, INC. f k a d b a v. T. FREEMAN, By G. FREEMAN, G., 709 So. 2d 549 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1998)

. . . Freeman, in an action pursuant to section 400.023, Florida Statutes (1993), for damages allegedly resulting . . . sustained “actual” damages as a result of various violations of his nursing home residents’ rights. § 400.023 . . . decide in this case whether a jury may award nominal damages in actions brought pursuant to section 400.023 . . .

L. GREENFIELD, v. MANOR CARE, INC. d b a, 705 So. 2d 926 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1997)

. . . I also disagree with the majority’s interpretation of section 400.023(1). . . . also has the right to adequate medical care and proper treatment, see § 400.022(1)(0 and under section 400.023 . . . Moreover, section 400.023(1) was enacted long after section 46.021 and I do not see how the two can be . . . Therefore, I would hold that section 400.023(1) controls. . . . Section 400.023(1), Florida Statutes (1993) gives residents of nursing homes the right to bring a legal . . . The following language from section 400.023 is relevant to our consideration of the trial court’s dismissal . . . On one level, section 400.023 lends itself to the interpretation espoused by the trial court, that is . . . To construe section 400.023 as foreclosing all causes of actions for nursing home negligence which does . . . As such, we hold that section 400.023, Florida Statutes (1993), must be read in pari mate-ria with section . . .

BEVERLY ENTERPRISES- FLORIDA, INC. d b a v. W. SPILMAN, M., 661 So. 2d 867 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1995)

. . . The civil enforcement statute, section 400.023, Florida Statutes (1991), further provides as follows: . . . When section 400.023 was first enacted in 1980, it addressed only the rights of residents who survived . . . Section 400.023(1), Florida Statutes (1991), allows recovery of punitive damages when the rights of nursing . . . Section 400.023, Florida Statutes, was amended on July 1, 1993, by the addition of several subsections . . . See also note 2 following § 400.023. . . . .

BEVERLY ENTERPRISES- FLORIDA, INC. d b a d b a v. ESTATE OF MAGGIACOMO, By B. STALLEY,, 651 So. 2d 816 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1995)

. . . Maggiacomo’s nursing home rights, pursuant to section 400.023, Florida Statutes (1993). . . .

GARCIA, v. BROOKWOOD EXTENDED CARE CENTER OF HOMESTEAD,, 643 So. 2d 715 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1994)

. . . Section 400.023, Florida Statutes, provides that: Any resident whose rights as specified in this part . . . Construed with Fla.R.Civ.P. 1.210, section 400.023 authorizes Roberto Garcia to sue Brookwood on behalf . . .

KEY WEST CONVALESCENT CENTER, INC. v. DOHERTY,, 619 So. 2d 367 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1993)

. . . quash an order granting a motion for leave to amend to add a claim for punitive damages under section 400.023 . . . We agree and hold that section 400.023 should be interpreted to allow recovery of punitive damages for . . . Section 400.023 allows the recovery of “actual and punitive damages for any deprivation or infringement . . . Section 400.023, Fla.Stat. (1991). . . . The trial court’s interpretation of section 400.023 conflicts with the requirements of section 768.72 . . .

MANOR CARE OF DUNEDIN, INC. d b a v. KEISER,, 611 So. 2d 1305 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1992)

. . . . § 400.022 and 400.023, Fla.Stat. (1991). . . . .

ARTHUR, v. UNICARE HEALTH FACILITIES, INC. d b a R. M. D., 602 So. 2d 596 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1992)

. . . against the nursing home is sufficient to entitle the plaintiff, if he prevails, to damages under section 400.023 . . .

UNICARE HEALTH FACILITIES, INC. v. M. MORT,, 553 So. 2d 159 (Fla. 1989)

. . . on February 10, Hoak filed a motion for assessment and award of attorney’s fees pursuant to section 400.023 . . . Section 400.023 provides in pertinent part that [a]ny plaintiff who prevails in any such action [for . . . he prevailed on count three and is eligible to recover attorney’s fees pursuant to sections 400.022-400.023 . . . The attorney’s fees provision of section 400.023 is merely a statutory right to seek fees. . . . Section 400.023, Florida Statutes (1983), provides for civil enforcement to remedy violations of those . . .

M. MORT, v. UNICARE HEALTH FACILITIES, INC. d b a, 537 So. 2d 203 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1989)

. . . and costs based upon appellee’s violation of appellant’s rights guaranteed under sections 400.022 and 400.023 . . . in the instant case, the trial court found that appellant was not a prevailing party under section 400.023 . . . Section 400.023 provides that a nursing home resident may maintain a cause of action to enforce rights . . .